Experimental warming influences species abundances in a Drosophila host community through direct effects on species performance rather than altered competition and parasitism
Global warming is expected to have direct effects on species through their sensitivity to temperature, and also via their biotic interactions, with cascading indirect effects on species, communities, and entire ecosystems. To predict the community-level consequences of global climate change we need...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2021-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e0245029 |
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| creator | Thierry, Mélanie Pardikes, Nicholas A Lue, Chia-Hua Lewis, Owen T Hrček, Jan |
| description | Global warming is expected to have direct effects on species through their sensitivity to temperature, and also via their biotic interactions, with cascading indirect effects on species, communities, and entire ecosystems. To predict the community-level consequences of global climate change we need to understand the relative roles of both the direct and indirect effects of warming. We used a laboratory experiment to investigate how warming affects a tropical community of three species of Drosophila hosts interacting with two species of parasitoids over a single generation. Our experimental design allowed us to distinguish between the direct effects of temperature on host species performance, and indirect effects through altered biotic interactions (competition among hosts and parasitism by parasitoid wasps). Although experimental warming significantly decreased parasitism for all host-parasitoid pairs, the effects of parasitism and competition on host abundances and host frequencies did not vary across temperatures. Instead, effects on host relative abundances were species-specific, with one host species dominating the community at warmer temperatures, irrespective of parasitism and competition treatments. Our results show that temperature shaped a Drosophila host community directly through differences in species' thermal performance, and not via its influences on biotic interactions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0245029 |
| format | Article |
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Although experimental warming significantly decreased parasitism for all host-parasitoid pairs, the effects of parasitism and competition on host abundances and host frequencies did not vary across temperatures. Instead, effects on host relative abundances were species-specific, with one host species dominating the community at warmer temperatures, irrespective of parasitism and competition treatments. Our results show that temperature shaped a Drosophila host community directly through differences in species' thermal performance, and not via its influences on biotic interactions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245029</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33571220</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biotic communities ; Climate change ; Community ecology ; Competition ; Drosophila ; Ecological effects ; Ecology ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Editing ; Empirical analysis ; Entomology ; Environment ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental changes ; Experiments ; Fruit flies ; Funding ; Global warming ; Host-parasite interactions ; Host-parasite relationships ; Insects ; Interspecific ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metabolism ; Parasitism ; Phenology ; Population decline ; Rainforests ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Reviews ; Sea level ; Species ; Temperature effects ; Terrestrial environments ; Trophic relationships ; Vouchers ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e0245029</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Thierry et al. 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We used a laboratory experiment to investigate how warming affects a tropical community of three species of Drosophila hosts interacting with two species of parasitoids over a single generation. Our experimental design allowed us to distinguish between the direct effects of temperature on host species performance, and indirect effects through altered biotic interactions (competition among hosts and parasitism by parasitoid wasps). Although experimental warming significantly decreased parasitism for all host-parasitoid pairs, the effects of parasitism and competition on host abundances and host frequencies did not vary across temperatures. Instead, effects on host relative abundances were species-specific, with one host species dominating the community at warmer temperatures, irrespective of parasitism and competition treatments. Our results show that temperature shaped a Drosophila host community directly through differences in species' thermal performance, and not via its influences on biotic interactions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33571220</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0245029</doi><tpages>e0245029</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4169-2413</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biology Biology and Life Sciences Biotic communities Climate change Community ecology Competition Drosophila Ecological effects Ecology Ecology and Environmental Sciences Editing Empirical analysis Entomology Environment Environmental aspects Environmental changes Experiments Fruit flies Funding Global warming Host-parasite interactions Host-parasite relationships Insects Interspecific Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolism Parasitism Phenology Population decline Rainforests Research and Analysis Methods Reviews Sea level Species Temperature effects Terrestrial environments Trophic relationships Vouchers Zoology |
| title | Experimental warming influences species abundances in a Drosophila host community through direct effects on species performance rather than altered competition and parasitism |
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