Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum
The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum in oil-based formulations (Green Muscle® (GM)) is a biopesticide for locust control lacking side-effects on biodiversity, unlike chemical insecticides. Under controlled conditions, GM-treated locusts and grasshoppers attract predators, a complementary...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2021-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e0244733-e0244733 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e0244733 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | e0244733 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 16 |
| creator | Mullié, Wim C Cheke, Robert A Young, Stephen Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua Murk, Albertinka J |
| description | The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum in oil-based formulations (Green Muscle® (GM)) is a biopesticide for locust control lacking side-effects on biodiversity, unlike chemical insecticides. Under controlled conditions, GM-treated locusts and grasshoppers attract predators, a complementary advantage in locust control. We assessed avian predation on a population of desert locusts in northern Niger aerially sprayed operationally with GM with 107 g viable conidia ha-1. Populations of adult locusts and birds and vegetation greenness were assessed simultaneously along two transects from 12 days before until 23 days after treatment. Common kestrels Falco tinnunculus and lanners F. biarmicus were the predominant avian predators. Regurgitated pellets and prey remains were collected daily beneath "plucking posts" of kestrels. Locusts started dying five days post-spray and GM had its maximum effect one-two weeks after the spray, with 80% efficacy at day 21. After spraying, bird numbers increased significantly (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0244733 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_2475078859</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A647445216</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_7f12a403db704d9da690caf63335d459</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A647445216</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ef13522ea6688e7932f12718ff2fe8a42dfd485223d781ebcc20da8f6defbad53</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNk01v1DAQhiMEoqXwDxBYQkJw2CWJHSe5IFUVHysVVaLA1Zq1x4mrbLzYzlL49TjdtNqgHpAPtuxn3vF8JcnzLF1mtMzeXdnB9dAtt7bHZZozVlL6IDnOapoveJ7Shwfno-SJ91dpWtCK88fJEaW0LliRHSdh1UuH4FER6BXxeL3w2KEMZocEdgZ6snWoIBjbE6uJQo8ukM7KwQdPLmVrfLASnQTSOGzAGSAhKoao-MuElnzBAK41f8ywISCdUcPmafJIQ-fx2bSfJN8_fvh29nlxfvFpdXZ6vpC8zsMCdUaLPEfgvKqwjMHoLC-zSutcYwUsV1qxKhJUlVWGaynzVEGluUK9BlXQk-TlXnfbWS-mhHmRs7JIy6oq6kis9oSycCW2zmzA_RYWjLi5sK4R4IKRHYoyOgeWUrUuU6ZqBbxOJWgec1kodqP1fvI2rDeoJPbBQTcTnb_0phWN3Yky_p7yUeDNJODszwF9EBvjJXYd9GiH_b9pHes5oq_-Qe-PbqIaiAGYXtvoV46i4pSzkrEiz3iklvdQcSncGBm7S5t4PzN4OzOITMDr0MDgvVhdfv1_9uLHnH19wLYIXWi97Yax9_wcZHtQOuu9Q32X5CwV43DcZkOMwyGm4YhmLw4LdGd0Ow30L5ZqC_Y</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2475078859</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Mullié, Wim C ; Cheke, Robert A ; Young, Stephen ; Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua ; Murk, Albertinka J</creator><contributor>Smagghe, Guy</contributor><creatorcontrib>Mullié, Wim C ; Cheke, Robert A ; Young, Stephen ; Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua ; Murk, Albertinka J ; Smagghe, Guy</creatorcontrib><description>The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum in oil-based formulations (Green Muscle® (GM)) is a biopesticide for locust control lacking side-effects on biodiversity, unlike chemical insecticides. Under controlled conditions, GM-treated locusts and grasshoppers attract predators, a complementary advantage in locust control. We assessed avian predation on a population of desert locusts in northern Niger aerially sprayed operationally with GM with 107 g viable conidia ha-1. Populations of adult locusts and birds and vegetation greenness were assessed simultaneously along two transects from 12 days before until 23 days after treatment. Common kestrels Falco tinnunculus and lanners F. biarmicus were the predominant avian predators. Regurgitated pellets and prey remains were collected daily beneath "plucking posts" of kestrels. Locusts started dying five days post-spray and GM had its maximum effect one-two weeks after the spray, with 80% efficacy at day 21. After spraying, bird numbers increased significantly (P<0.05) concurrent with decreasing desert locust densities. Locust numbers decreased significantly (P<0.001) with both time since spraying and decreasing greenness. Before spraying, kestrel food remains under plucking posts accounted for 34.3 ±13.4 prey items day-1, of which 31.0 ±11.9 were adult desert locusts (90.3%), reducing post-spray to 21.1 ±7.3 prey items day-1, of which19.5 ±6.7 were adult desert locusts (92.5%), attributable to decreased use of the plucking-posts by the kestrels rather than an effect of the spray. After spraying, kestrels took significantly (P<0.05) more larger female (75-80%) than smaller male (20-25%) locusts. Avian predation probably enhanced the impact of the GM on the desert locust population, especially by removing large adult females. No direct or indirect adverse side-effects were observed on non-target organisms including locust predators such as ants and birds. These substantial ecological advantages should also be considered when choosing between conventional chemical and biopesticide-based locust control.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244733</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33395451</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adults ; Animal behavior ; Animals ; Biodiversity ; Biological diversity ; Biological research ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biology, Experimental ; Biopesticides ; Birds ; Birds - physiology ; Conidia ; Control ; Controlled conditions ; Desert locust ; Deserts ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Entomopathogenic fungi ; Experiments ; Female ; Grasshoppers ; Grasshoppers - microbiology ; Grasshoppers - physiology ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - chemistry ; Insecticides - toxicity ; Locusts ; Male ; Metarhizium - chemistry ; Metarhizium acridum ; Natural resources ; Nontarget organisms ; Observations ; Orthoptera ; Pest Control, Biological - methods ; Pesticides ; Plucking ; Predation ; Predation (Biology) ; Predators ; Predatory Behavior ; Prey ; Side effects ; Spraying ; Vegetation</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2021-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e0244733-e0244733</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2021 Mullié et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 Mullié et al 2021 Mullié et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ef13522ea6688e7932f12718ff2fe8a42dfd485223d781ebcc20da8f6defbad53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ef13522ea6688e7932f12718ff2fe8a42dfd485223d781ebcc20da8f6defbad53</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0047-8341</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7781369/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7781369/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33395451$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Smagghe, Guy</contributor><creatorcontrib>Mullié, Wim C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheke, Robert A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murk, Albertinka J</creatorcontrib><title>Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum in oil-based formulations (Green Muscle® (GM)) is a biopesticide for locust control lacking side-effects on biodiversity, unlike chemical insecticides. Under controlled conditions, GM-treated locusts and grasshoppers attract predators, a complementary advantage in locust control. We assessed avian predation on a population of desert locusts in northern Niger aerially sprayed operationally with GM with 107 g viable conidia ha-1. Populations of adult locusts and birds and vegetation greenness were assessed simultaneously along two transects from 12 days before until 23 days after treatment. Common kestrels Falco tinnunculus and lanners F. biarmicus were the predominant avian predators. Regurgitated pellets and prey remains were collected daily beneath "plucking posts" of kestrels. Locusts started dying five days post-spray and GM had its maximum effect one-two weeks after the spray, with 80% efficacy at day 21. After spraying, bird numbers increased significantly (P<0.05) concurrent with decreasing desert locust densities. Locust numbers decreased significantly (P<0.001) with both time since spraying and decreasing greenness. Before spraying, kestrel food remains under plucking posts accounted for 34.3 ±13.4 prey items day-1, of which 31.0 ±11.9 were adult desert locusts (90.3%), reducing post-spray to 21.1 ±7.3 prey items day-1, of which19.5 ±6.7 were adult desert locusts (92.5%), attributable to decreased use of the plucking-posts by the kestrels rather than an effect of the spray. After spraying, kestrels took significantly (P<0.05) more larger female (75-80%) than smaller male (20-25%) locusts. Avian predation probably enhanced the impact of the GM on the desert locust population, especially by removing large adult females. No direct or indirect adverse side-effects were observed on non-target organisms including locust predators such as ants and birds. These substantial ecological advantages should also be considered when choosing between conventional chemical and biopesticide-based locust control.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Animal behavior</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biological diversity</subject><subject>Biological research</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biology, Experimental</subject><subject>Biopesticides</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Birds - physiology</subject><subject>Conidia</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Controlled conditions</subject><subject>Desert locust</subject><subject>Deserts</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Entomopathogenic fungi</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Grasshoppers</subject><subject>Grasshoppers - microbiology</subject><subject>Grasshoppers - physiology</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - chemistry</subject><subject>Insecticides - toxicity</subject><subject>Locusts</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metarhizium - chemistry</subject><subject>Metarhizium acridum</subject><subject>Natural resources</subject><subject>Nontarget organisms</subject><subject>Observations</subject><subject>Orthoptera</subject><subject>Pest Control, Biological - methods</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Plucking</subject><subject>Predation</subject><subject>Predation (Biology)</subject><subject>Predators</subject><subject>Predatory Behavior</subject><subject>Prey</subject><subject>Side effects</subject><subject>Spraying</subject><subject>Vegetation</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk01v1DAQhiMEoqXwDxBYQkJw2CWJHSe5IFUVHysVVaLA1Zq1x4mrbLzYzlL49TjdtNqgHpAPtuxn3vF8JcnzLF1mtMzeXdnB9dAtt7bHZZozVlL6IDnOapoveJ7Shwfno-SJ91dpWtCK88fJEaW0LliRHSdh1UuH4FER6BXxeL3w2KEMZocEdgZ6snWoIBjbE6uJQo8ukM7KwQdPLmVrfLASnQTSOGzAGSAhKoao-MuElnzBAK41f8ywISCdUcPmafJIQ-fx2bSfJN8_fvh29nlxfvFpdXZ6vpC8zsMCdUaLPEfgvKqwjMHoLC-zSutcYwUsV1qxKhJUlVWGaynzVEGluUK9BlXQk-TlXnfbWS-mhHmRs7JIy6oq6kis9oSycCW2zmzA_RYWjLi5sK4R4IKRHYoyOgeWUrUuU6ZqBbxOJWgec1kodqP1fvI2rDeoJPbBQTcTnb_0phWN3Yky_p7yUeDNJODszwF9EBvjJXYd9GiH_b9pHes5oq_-Qe-PbqIaiAGYXtvoV46i4pSzkrEiz3iklvdQcSncGBm7S5t4PzN4OzOITMDr0MDgvVhdfv1_9uLHnH19wLYIXWi97Yax9_wcZHtQOuu9Q32X5CwV43DcZkOMwyGm4YhmLw4LdGd0Ow30L5ZqC_Y</recordid><startdate>20210104</startdate><enddate>20210104</enddate><creator>Mullié, Wim C</creator><creator>Cheke, Robert A</creator><creator>Young, Stephen</creator><creator>Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua</creator><creator>Murk, Albertinka J</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0047-8341</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210104</creationdate><title>Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum</title><author>Mullié, Wim C ; Cheke, Robert A ; Young, Stephen ; Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua ; Murk, Albertinka J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ef13522ea6688e7932f12718ff2fe8a42dfd485223d781ebcc20da8f6defbad53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Animal behavior</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biological diversity</topic><topic>Biological research</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biology, Experimental</topic><topic>Biopesticides</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Birds - physiology</topic><topic>Conidia</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Controlled conditions</topic><topic>Desert locust</topic><topic>Deserts</topic><topic>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Entomopathogenic fungi</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Grasshoppers</topic><topic>Grasshoppers - microbiology</topic><topic>Grasshoppers - physiology</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Insecticides - chemistry</topic><topic>Insecticides - toxicity</topic><topic>Locusts</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metarhizium - chemistry</topic><topic>Metarhizium acridum</topic><topic>Natural resources</topic><topic>Nontarget organisms</topic><topic>Observations</topic><topic>Orthoptera</topic><topic>Pest Control, Biological - methods</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Plucking</topic><topic>Predation</topic><topic>Predation (Biology)</topic><topic>Predators</topic><topic>Predatory Behavior</topic><topic>Prey</topic><topic>Side effects</topic><topic>Spraying</topic><topic>Vegetation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mullié, Wim C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheke, Robert A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Young, Stephen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murk, Albertinka J</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mullié, Wim C</au><au>Cheke, Robert A</au><au>Young, Stephen</au><au>Ibrahim, Abdou Baoua</au><au>Murk, Albertinka J</au><au>Smagghe, Guy</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2021-01-04</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0244733</spage><epage>e0244733</epage><pages>e0244733-e0244733</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum in oil-based formulations (Green Muscle® (GM)) is a biopesticide for locust control lacking side-effects on biodiversity, unlike chemical insecticides. Under controlled conditions, GM-treated locusts and grasshoppers attract predators, a complementary advantage in locust control. We assessed avian predation on a population of desert locusts in northern Niger aerially sprayed operationally with GM with 107 g viable conidia ha-1. Populations of adult locusts and birds and vegetation greenness were assessed simultaneously along two transects from 12 days before until 23 days after treatment. Common kestrels Falco tinnunculus and lanners F. biarmicus were the predominant avian predators. Regurgitated pellets and prey remains were collected daily beneath "plucking posts" of kestrels. Locusts started dying five days post-spray and GM had its maximum effect one-two weeks after the spray, with 80% efficacy at day 21. After spraying, bird numbers increased significantly (P<0.05) concurrent with decreasing desert locust densities. Locust numbers decreased significantly (P<0.001) with both time since spraying and decreasing greenness. Before spraying, kestrel food remains under plucking posts accounted for 34.3 ±13.4 prey items day-1, of which 31.0 ±11.9 were adult desert locusts (90.3%), reducing post-spray to 21.1 ±7.3 prey items day-1, of which19.5 ±6.7 were adult desert locusts (92.5%), attributable to decreased use of the plucking-posts by the kestrels rather than an effect of the spray. After spraying, kestrels took significantly (P<0.05) more larger female (75-80%) than smaller male (20-25%) locusts. Avian predation probably enhanced the impact of the GM on the desert locust population, especially by removing large adult females. No direct or indirect adverse side-effects were observed on non-target organisms including locust predators such as ants and birds. These substantial ecological advantages should also be considered when choosing between conventional chemical and biopesticide-based locust control.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33395451</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0244733</doi><tpages>e0244733</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0047-8341</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2021-01, Vol.16 (1), p.e0244733-e0244733 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2475078859 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adults Animal behavior Animals Biodiversity Biological diversity Biological research Biology and Life Sciences Biology, Experimental Biopesticides Birds Birds - physiology Conidia Control Controlled conditions Desert locust Deserts Ecology and Environmental Sciences Entomopathogenic fungi Experiments Female Grasshoppers Grasshoppers - microbiology Grasshoppers - physiology Insecticides Insecticides - chemistry Insecticides - toxicity Locusts Male Metarhizium - chemistry Metarhizium acridum Natural resources Nontarget organisms Observations Orthoptera Pest Control, Biological - methods Pesticides Plucking Predation Predation (Biology) Predators Predatory Behavior Prey Side effects Spraying Vegetation |
| title | Increased and sex-selective avian predation of desert locusts Schistocerca gregaria treated with Metarhizium acridum |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-19T15%3A36%3A24IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Increased%20and%20sex-selective%20avian%20predation%20of%20desert%20locusts%20Schistocerca%20gregaria%20treated%20with%20Metarhizium%20acridum&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Mulli%C3%A9,%20Wim%20C&rft.date=2021-01-04&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=e0244733&rft.epage=e0244733&rft.pages=e0244733-e0244733&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0244733&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA647445216%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2475078859&rft_id=info:pmid/33395451&rft_galeid=A647445216&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_7f12a403db704d9da690caf63335d459&rfr_iscdi=true |