Behavioral response of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes against spatial repellent: A modified self-propelled particle model simulation
Rapidly increasing pyrethroid insecticide resistance and changes in vector biting and resting behavior pose serious challenges in malaria control. Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes...
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| creator | Zhou, Guofa Yu, Leonard Wang, Xiaoming Zhong, Daibin Lee, Ming-Chieh Kibret, Solomon Yan, Guiyun |
| description | Rapidly increasing pyrethroid insecticide resistance and changes in vector biting and resting behavior pose serious challenges in malaria control. Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the Self-Propelled Particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor by the end. With repellent, all insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point, whereas, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0244447 |
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Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the Self-Propelled Particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor by the end. With repellent, all insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point, whereas, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was <1, whereas, no mosquitoes reached the host when the relative repellency efficacy was > 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244447</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33373422</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anopheles - drug effects ; Anopheles - physiology ; Behavior ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biting ; Cages ; Computer Simulation ; Control ; Culicidae ; Flight, Animal - drug effects ; Flight, Animal - physiology ; Host-Seeking Behavior - drug effects ; Host-Seeking Behavior - physiology ; Humans ; Insect Repellents - pharmacology ; Insecticide resistance ; Insecticide Resistance - physiology ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Learning algorithms ; Machine Learning ; Malaria ; Malaria - prevention & control ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Models, Biological ; Mosquito Control - methods ; Mosquito Vectors - drug effects ; Mosquito Vectors - physiology ; Mosquitoes ; Odor ; Odorants ; Odors ; Pesticide resistance ; Physiological aspects ; Physiology ; Public health ; Pyrethrins - pharmacology ; Pyrethroids ; Random walk ; Repellency ; Repellents ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Resting behavior ; Simulation ; Social Sciences ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-12, Vol.15 (12), p.e0244447</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the Self-Propelled Particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor by the end. With repellent, all insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point, whereas, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was <1, whereas, no mosquitoes reached the host when the relative repellency efficacy was > 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles - drug effects</subject><subject>Anopheles - physiology</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biting</subject><subject>Cages</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Flight, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Flight, Animal - physiology</subject><subject>Host-Seeking Behavior - drug effects</subject><subject>Host-Seeking Behavior - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insect Repellents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Insecticide resistance</subject><subject>Insecticide Resistance - physiology</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Learning algorithms</subject><subject>Machine Learning</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - 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Mosquito repellents, especially spatial repellents, have received much attention from industry. We attempted to simulate interactions between mosquitoes and repellents using a machine learning method, the Self-Propelled Particle (SPP) model, which we modified to include attractiveness/repellency effects. We simulated a random walk scenario and scenarios with insecticide susceptible/resistant mosquitoes against repellent alone and against repellent plus attractant (to mimic a human host). Simulation results indicated that without attractant/repellent, mosquitoes would fly anywhere in the cage at random. With attractant, all mosquitoes were attracted to the source of the odor by the end. With repellent, all insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes eventually moved to the corner of the cage farthest from the repellent release point, whereas, a high proportion of highly resistant mosquitoes might reach the attractant release point (the human) earlier in the simulation. At fixed concentration, a high proportion of mosquitoes could be able to reach the host when the relative repellency efficacy (compare to attractant efficacy) was <1, whereas, no mosquitoes reached the host when the relative repellency efficacy was > 1. This result implies that repellent may not be sufficient against highly physiologically insecticide resistant mosquitoes, since very high concentrations of repellent are neither practically feasible nor cost-effective.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33373422</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0244447</doi><tpages>e0244447</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9283-5520</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1232-3125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1793-6908</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Anopheles - drug effects Anopheles - physiology Behavior Biology and Life Sciences Biting Cages Computer Simulation Control Culicidae Flight, Animal - drug effects Flight, Animal - physiology Host-Seeking Behavior - drug effects Host-Seeking Behavior - physiology Humans Insect Repellents - pharmacology Insecticide resistance Insecticide Resistance - physiology Insecticides Insecticides - pharmacology Learning algorithms Machine Learning Malaria Malaria - prevention & control Medicine and Health Sciences Models, Biological Mosquito Control - methods Mosquito Vectors - drug effects Mosquito Vectors - physiology Mosquitoes Odor Odorants Odors Pesticide resistance Physiological aspects Physiology Public health Pyrethrins - pharmacology Pyrethroids Random walk Repellency Repellents Research and Analysis Methods Resting behavior Simulation Social Sciences Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Behavioral response of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes against spatial repellent: A modified self-propelled particle model simulation |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-22T13%3A39%3A18IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Behavioral%20response%20of%20insecticide-resistant%20mosquitoes%20against%20spatial%20repellent:%20A%20modified%20self-propelled%20particle%20model%20simulation&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Zhou,%20Guofa&rft.date=2020-12-29&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0244447&rft.pages=e0244447-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0244447&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA646974436%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2473727972&rft_id=info:pmid/33373422&rft_galeid=A646974436&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_d2aa8a79138d4517bd96b65cd59d0ca0&rfr_iscdi=true |