The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening exercise in Europe: A 28-country comparison including 280,605 adults
Muscle-strengthening exercise (use of weight machines, free weights, push-ups, sit-ups), has multiple independent health benefits, and is a component of the Global physical activity guidelines. However, there is currently a lack of multi-country muscle-strengthening exercise prevalence studies. This...
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| creator | Bennie, Jason A De Cocker, Katrien Smith, Jordan J Wiesner, Glen H |
| description | Muscle-strengthening exercise (use of weight machines, free weights, push-ups, sit-ups), has multiple independent health benefits, and is a component of the Global physical activity guidelines. However, there is currently a lack of multi-country muscle-strengthening exercise prevalence studies. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of muscle-strengthening exercise across multiple European countries.
Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-14), which included nationally representative samples (n = 3,774-24,016) from 28 European countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Population-weighted proportions were calculated for (1) "insufficient" (0-1 days/week) or (2) "sufficient" muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Prevalence ratios were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression for those reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening by country and by sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics (sex, age, education, income, self-rated health etc.).
Data were available for 280,605 European adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, 17.3% (95% CI = 17.1%-17.5%) reported sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Muscle-strengthening exercise was geographically patterned with the lowest prevalence reported in South-eastern European countries (Romania, Malta and Cyprus: range: 0.7%-7.4%), and the highest prevalence in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark: range: 34.1%-51.6%). Older age, insufficient aerobic activity, poorer self-rated health, lower income/education, being female, and being overweight/obese were significantly associated with lower likelihood of reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, independently of other characteristics.
Most European adults do not report sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, and prevalence estimates varied considerably across countries. Low participation in muscle-strengthening exercise is widespread across Europe, and warrants public health attention. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0242220 |
| format | Article |
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Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-14), which included nationally representative samples (n = 3,774-24,016) from 28 European countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Population-weighted proportions were calculated for (1) "insufficient" (0-1 days/week) or (2) "sufficient" muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Prevalence ratios were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression for those reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening by country and by sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics (sex, age, education, income, self-rated health etc.).
Data were available for 280,605 European adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, 17.3% (95% CI = 17.1%-17.5%) reported sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Muscle-strengthening exercise was geographically patterned with the lowest prevalence reported in South-eastern European countries (Romania, Malta and Cyprus: range: 0.7%-7.4%), and the highest prevalence in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark: range: 34.1%-51.6%). Older age, insufficient aerobic activity, poorer self-rated health, lower income/education, being female, and being overweight/obese were significantly associated with lower likelihood of reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, independently of other characteristics.
Most European adults do not report sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, and prevalence estimates varied considerably across countries. Low participation in muscle-strengthening exercise is widespread across Europe, and warrants public health attention.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242220</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33237930</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Aged ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body Mass Index ; Body weight ; Cardiovascular disease ; Chronic diseases ; Chronic illnesses ; Correlation analysis ; Data collection ; Demographic aspects ; Diabetes ; Disease prevention ; Education ; Epidemiology ; Europe - epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Health aspects ; Health behavior ; Health Status ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Income ; Life Style ; Lifestyles ; Male ; Mathematical analysis ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Muscle strength ; Muscle Strength - physiology ; Muscles ; Overweight ; People and Places ; Physical activity ; Physical fitness ; Physical training ; Polls & surveys ; Prevalence ; Prevention ; Public health ; Public participation ; Questionnaires ; Resistance Training - statistics & numerical data ; Sociodemographics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Strength training ; Strengthening ; Strengthening exercises ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0242220-e0242220</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Bennie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Bennie et al 2020 Bennie et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-a6e72e930c06e28a26a6c8f3c2a12537a99e9b78e5a691c08cfd4a7aa6eab76d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-a6e72e930c06e28a26a6c8f3c2a12537a99e9b78e5a691c08cfd4a7aa6eab76d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8668-8998</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7688125/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7688125/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33237930$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Prince Ware, Stephanie</contributor><creatorcontrib>Bennie, Jason A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Cocker, Katrien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Jordan J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wiesner, Glen H</creatorcontrib><title>The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening exercise in Europe: A 28-country comparison including 280,605 adults</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Muscle-strengthening exercise (use of weight machines, free weights, push-ups, sit-ups), has multiple independent health benefits, and is a component of the Global physical activity guidelines. However, there is currently a lack of multi-country muscle-strengthening exercise prevalence studies. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of muscle-strengthening exercise across multiple European countries.
Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-14), which included nationally representative samples (n = 3,774-24,016) from 28 European countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Population-weighted proportions were calculated for (1) "insufficient" (0-1 days/week) or (2) "sufficient" muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Prevalence ratios were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression for those reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening by country and by sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics (sex, age, education, income, self-rated health etc.).
Data were available for 280,605 European adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, 17.3% (95% CI = 17.1%-17.5%) reported sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Muscle-strengthening exercise was geographically patterned with the lowest prevalence reported in South-eastern European countries (Romania, Malta and Cyprus: range: 0.7%-7.4%), and the highest prevalence in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark: range: 34.1%-51.6%). Older age, insufficient aerobic activity, poorer self-rated health, lower income/education, being female, and being overweight/obese were significantly associated with lower likelihood of reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, independently of other characteristics.
Most European adults do not report sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, and prevalence estimates varied considerably across countries. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bennie, Jason A</au><au>De Cocker, Katrien</au><au>Smith, Jordan J</au><au>Wiesner, Glen H</au><au>Prince Ware, Stephanie</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening exercise in Europe: A 28-country comparison including 280,605 adults</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-11-25</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e0242220</spage><epage>e0242220</epage><pages>e0242220-e0242220</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Muscle-strengthening exercise (use of weight machines, free weights, push-ups, sit-ups), has multiple independent health benefits, and is a component of the Global physical activity guidelines. However, there is currently a lack of multi-country muscle-strengthening exercise prevalence studies. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of muscle-strengthening exercise across multiple European countries.
Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-14), which included nationally representative samples (n = 3,774-24,016) from 28 European countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Population-weighted proportions were calculated for (1) "insufficient" (0-1 days/week) or (2) "sufficient" muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Prevalence ratios were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression for those reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening by country and by sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics (sex, age, education, income, self-rated health etc.).
Data were available for 280,605 European adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, 17.3% (95% CI = 17.1%-17.5%) reported sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Muscle-strengthening exercise was geographically patterned with the lowest prevalence reported in South-eastern European countries (Romania, Malta and Cyprus: range: 0.7%-7.4%), and the highest prevalence in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark: range: 34.1%-51.6%). Older age, insufficient aerobic activity, poorer self-rated health, lower income/education, being female, and being overweight/obese were significantly associated with lower likelihood of reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, independently of other characteristics.
Most European adults do not report sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, and prevalence estimates varied considerably across countries. Low participation in muscle-strengthening exercise is widespread across Europe, and warrants public health attention.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33237930</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0242220</doi><tpages>e0242220</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-8998</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0242220-e0242220 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2464362192 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adults Aged Biology and Life Sciences Body Mass Index Body weight Cardiovascular disease Chronic diseases Chronic illnesses Correlation analysis Data collection Demographic aspects Diabetes Disease prevention Education Epidemiology Europe - epidemiology Exercise Female Health aspects Health behavior Health Status Health Surveys Humans Income Life Style Lifestyles Male Mathematical analysis Medicine and Health Sciences Middle Aged Mortality Muscle strength Muscle Strength - physiology Muscles Overweight People and Places Physical activity Physical fitness Physical training Polls & surveys Prevalence Prevention Public health Public participation Questionnaires Resistance Training - statistics & numerical data Sociodemographics Socioeconomic Factors Strength training Strengthening Strengthening exercises Young Adult |
| title | The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening exercise in Europe: A 28-country comparison including 280,605 adults |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T04%3A34%3A52IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20epidemiology%20of%20muscle-strengthening%20exercise%20in%20Europe:%20A%2028-country%20comparison%20including%20280,605%20adults&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Bennie,%20Jason%20A&rft.date=2020-11-25&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e0242220&rft.epage=e0242220&rft.pages=e0242220-e0242220&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0242220&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA642812197%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2464362192&rft_id=info:pmid/33237930&rft_galeid=A642812197&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_ca1e4d02dd23424b91fc2be9e3a72989&rfr_iscdi=true |