Source reduction with a purpose: Mosquito ecology and community perspectives offer insights for improving household mosquito management in coastal Kenya
Understanding mosquito breeding behavior as well as human perspectives and practices are crucial for designing interventions to control Aedes aegypti mosquito-borne diseases as these mosquitoes primarily breed in water-holding containers around people's homes. The objectives of this study were...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020-05, Vol.14 (5), p.e0008239-e0008239 |
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| creator | Forsyth, Jenna E Mutuku, Francis M Kibe, Lydiah Mwashee, Luti Bongo, Joyce Egemba, Chika Ardoin, Nicole M LaBeaud, A Desiree |
| description | Understanding mosquito breeding behavior as well as human perspectives and practices are crucial for designing interventions to control Aedes aegypti mosquito-borne diseases as these mosquitoes primarily breed in water-holding containers around people's homes. The objectives of this study were to identify productive mosquito breeding habitats in coastal Kenya and to understand household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. The field team conducted entomological surveys in 444 households and semi-structured interviews with 35 female caregivers and 37 children in Kwale County, coastal Kenya, between May and December 2016. All potential mosquito habitats with or without water were located, abundances of mosquito immatures measured and their characteristics recorded. Interviews explored household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. 2,452 container mosquito habitats were counted containing 1,077 larvae and 390 pupae, predominantly Aedes species. More than one-third of the positive containers were found outside houses in 1 of the 10 villages. Containers holding water with no intended purpose contained 55.2% of all immature mosquitoes. Containers filled with rainwater held 95.8% of all immature mosquitoes. Interviews indicated that households prioritize sleeping under bednets as a primary protection against mosquito-borne disease because of concern about night-time biting, malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes. Respondents had limited knowledge about the mosquito life cycle, especially with respect to day-time biting, container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes. Therefore, respondents did not prioritize source reduction. Most mosquitoes breed in containers that have no direct or immediate purpose ("no-purpose containers"). These containers may be left unattended for several days allowing rainwater to collect, and creating ideal conditions for mosquito breeding. An intervention that requires little effort and targets only the most productive containers could effectively reduce mosquito indices and, relatedly, mosquito-borne disease risk. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008239 |
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The objectives of this study were to identify productive mosquito breeding habitats in coastal Kenya and to understand household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. The field team conducted entomological surveys in 444 households and semi-structured interviews with 35 female caregivers and 37 children in Kwale County, coastal Kenya, between May and December 2016. All potential mosquito habitats with or without water were located, abundances of mosquito immatures measured and their characteristics recorded. Interviews explored household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. 2,452 container mosquito habitats were counted containing 1,077 larvae and 390 pupae, predominantly Aedes species. More than one-third of the positive containers were found outside houses in 1 of the 10 villages. Containers holding water with no intended purpose contained 55.2% of all immature mosquitoes. Containers filled with rainwater held 95.8% of all immature mosquitoes. Interviews indicated that households prioritize sleeping under bednets as a primary protection against mosquito-borne disease because of concern about night-time biting, malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes. Respondents had limited knowledge about the mosquito life cycle, especially with respect to day-time biting, container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes. Therefore, respondents did not prioritize source reduction. Most mosquitoes breed in containers that have no direct or immediate purpose ("no-purpose containers"). These containers may be left unattended for several days allowing rainwater to collect, and creating ideal conditions for mosquito breeding. An intervention that requires little effort and targets only the most productive containers could effectively reduce mosquito indices and, relatedly, mosquito-borne disease risk.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008239</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32392226</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aedes ; Animal breeding ; Aquatic insects ; Bednets ; Behavior ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biting ; Breeding ; Caregivers ; Coastal ecology ; Coastal management ; Coastal zone management ; Containers ; Control ; Culicidae ; Disease ; Distribution ; Ecological research ; Environmental aspects ; Funding ; Habitats ; Health aspects ; Health risks ; Hospitals ; Households ; Human diseases ; Humidity ; Interdisciplinary aspects ; Larvae ; Life cycle ; Life cycles ; Malaria ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Methods ; Mosquito control ; Mosquitoes ; Natural history ; Polls & surveys ; Precipitation ; Pupae ; Rain ; Rain water ; Reduction ; Reproductive behavior ; Residential areas ; Seasons ; Social Sciences ; Surveys ; Tropical diseases ; Vector-borne diseases ; Vectors (Biology) ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020-05, Vol.14 (5), p.e0008239-e0008239</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Forsyth et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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An intervention that requires little effort and targets only the most productive containers could effectively reduce mosquito indices and, relatedly, mosquito-borne disease risk.</description><subject>Aedes</subject><subject>Animal breeding</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Bednets</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biting</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Coastal ecology</subject><subject>Coastal management</subject><subject>Coastal zone management</subject><subject>Containers</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Ecological research</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Funding</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Human 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Dis</addtitle><date>2020-05-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0008239</spage><epage>e0008239</epage><pages>e0008239-e0008239</pages><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><eissn>1935-2735</eissn><abstract>Understanding mosquito breeding behavior as well as human perspectives and practices are crucial for designing interventions to control Aedes aegypti mosquito-borne diseases as these mosquitoes primarily breed in water-holding containers around people's homes. The objectives of this study were to identify productive mosquito breeding habitats in coastal Kenya and to understand household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. The field team conducted entomological surveys in 444 households and semi-structured interviews with 35 female caregivers and 37 children in Kwale County, coastal Kenya, between May and December 2016. All potential mosquito habitats with or without water were located, abundances of mosquito immatures measured and their characteristics recorded. Interviews explored household mosquito management behaviors and their behavioral determinants. 2,452 container mosquito habitats were counted containing 1,077 larvae and 390 pupae, predominantly Aedes species. More than one-third of the positive containers were found outside houses in 1 of the 10 villages. Containers holding water with no intended purpose contained 55.2% of all immature mosquitoes. Containers filled with rainwater held 95.8% of all immature mosquitoes. Interviews indicated that households prioritize sleeping under bednets as a primary protection against mosquito-borne disease because of concern about night-time biting, malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes. Respondents had limited knowledge about the mosquito life cycle, especially with respect to day-time biting, container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes. Therefore, respondents did not prioritize source reduction. Most mosquitoes breed in containers that have no direct or immediate purpose ("no-purpose containers"). These containers may be left unattended for several days allowing rainwater to collect, and creating ideal conditions for mosquito breeding. An intervention that requires little effort and targets only the most productive containers could effectively reduce mosquito indices and, relatedly, mosquito-borne disease risk.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32392226</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0008239</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1888-3967</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Aedes Animal breeding Aquatic insects Bednets Behavior Biology and Life Sciences Biting Breeding Caregivers Coastal ecology Coastal management Coastal zone management Containers Control Culicidae Disease Distribution Ecological research Environmental aspects Funding Habitats Health aspects Health risks Hospitals Households Human diseases Humidity Interdisciplinary aspects Larvae Life cycle Life cycles Malaria Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Mosquito control Mosquitoes Natural history Polls & surveys Precipitation Pupae Rain Rain water Reduction Reproductive behavior Residential areas Seasons Social Sciences Surveys Tropical diseases Vector-borne diseases Vectors (Biology) Womens health |
| title | Source reduction with a purpose: Mosquito ecology and community perspectives offer insights for improving household mosquito management in coastal Kenya |
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