Exosome-mediated apoptosis pathway during WSSV infection in crustacean mud crab
MicroRNAs are regulatory molecules that can be packaged into exosomes to modulate cellular response of recipients. While the role of exosomes during viral infection is beginning to be appreciated, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in immunoregulation in invertebrates has not been addressed. Here, w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS pathogens 2020-05, Vol.16 (5), p.e1008366-e1008366 |
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| creator | Gong, Yi Kong, Tongtong Ren, Xin Chen, Jiao Lin, Shanmeng Zhang, Yueling Li, Shengkang |
| description | MicroRNAs are regulatory molecules that can be packaged into exosomes to modulate cellular response of recipients. While the role of exosomes during viral infection is beginning to be appreciated, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in immunoregulation in invertebrates has not been addressed. Here, we observed that exosomes released from WSSV-injected mud crabs could suppress viral replication by inducing apoptosis of hemocytes. Besides, miR-137 and miR-7847 were found to be less packaged in mud crab exosomes during viral infection, with both miR-137 and miR-7847 shown to negatively regulate apoptosis by targeting the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Our data also revealed that AIF translocated to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation, and could competitively bind to HSP70 to disintegrate the HSP70-Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) complex, thereby activating the mitochondria apoptosis pathway by freeing Bax. The present finding therefore provides a novel mechanism that underlies the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and apoptosis pathway in innate immune response in invertebrates. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008366 |
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While the role of exosomes during viral infection is beginning to be appreciated, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in immunoregulation in invertebrates has not been addressed. Here, we observed that exosomes released from WSSV-injected mud crabs could suppress viral replication by inducing apoptosis of hemocytes. Besides, miR-137 and miR-7847 were found to be less packaged in mud crab exosomes during viral infection, with both miR-137 and miR-7847 shown to negatively regulate apoptosis by targeting the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Our data also revealed that AIF translocated to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation, and could competitively bind to HSP70 to disintegrate the HSP70-Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) complex, thereby activating the mitochondria apoptosis pathway by freeing Bax. The present finding therefore provides a novel mechanism that underlies the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and apoptosis pathway in innate immune response in invertebrates.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7366</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008366</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32433716</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Apoptosis ; Apoptosis-inducing factor ; BAX protein ; Bcl-2 protein ; Bcl-x protein ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Circulatory system ; Crabs ; Crosstalk ; Crustaceans ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA fragmentation ; Engineering ; Exosomes ; Genetic aspects ; Health aspects ; Hemocytes ; Hsp70 protein ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunoregulation ; Infections ; Innate immunity ; Invertebrates ; Laboratories ; Marine biology ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; MicroRNA ; MicroRNAs ; Microscopy ; miRNA ; Mitochondria ; Mud ; Proteins ; Shellfish ; Viral infections</subject><ispartof>PLoS pathogens, 2020-05, Vol.16 (5), p.e1008366-e1008366</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Gong et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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While the role of exosomes during viral infection is beginning to be appreciated, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in immunoregulation in invertebrates has not been addressed. Here, we observed that exosomes released from WSSV-injected mud crabs could suppress viral replication by inducing apoptosis of hemocytes. Besides, miR-137 and miR-7847 were found to be less packaged in mud crab exosomes during viral infection, with both miR-137 and miR-7847 shown to negatively regulate apoptosis by targeting the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Our data also revealed that AIF translocated to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation, and could competitively bind to HSP70 to disintegrate the HSP70-Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) complex, thereby activating the mitochondria apoptosis pathway by freeing Bax. The present finding therefore provides a novel mechanism that underlies the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and apoptosis pathway in innate immune response in invertebrates.</description><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Apoptosis-inducing factor</subject><subject>BAX protein</subject><subject>Bcl-2 protein</subject><subject>Bcl-x protein</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Circulatory system</subject><subject>Crabs</subject><subject>Crosstalk</subject><subject>Crustaceans</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA fragmentation</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Exosomes</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hemocytes</subject><subject>Hsp70 protein</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunoregulation</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Innate immunity</subject><subject>Invertebrates</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Marine biology</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>MicroRNA</subject><subject>MicroRNAs</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>miRNA</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>Mud</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Shellfish</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><issn>1553-7374</issn><issn>1553-7366</issn><issn>1553-7374</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkk1v1DAQhiMEoh_wDxBE4lIOu3jixIkvSFVVYKWKSiwfR2tiO1uvkji1HWj_PQ6bVl3UC_LB4_Ez73jGkySvgCyBlvB-a0fXY7scBgxLIKSijD1JDqEo6KKkZf70gX2QHHm_JSQHCux5ckCznEYNdphcnt9Ybzu96LQyGLRKcbBDsN74NApf_cbbVI3O9Jv053r9IzV9o2Uwto9WKt3oA0qNfdqNKh6xfpE8a7D1-uW8HyffP55_O_u8uLj8tDo7vVjIMivDouZUAq2p5opRUjVQZlpVvGw4hVIC6qriGgmqhtaEF5JQhTmoTBZQAxBJj5M3O92htV7MvfAiyxnhFQDkkVjtCGVxKwZnOnS3wqIRfx3WbQS6YGSrRQGsrLUCXugqV1xxzThFpCCVLGo2aX2Ys411bJTUfXDY7onu3_TmSmzsL1FmjNFiEjiZBZy9HrUPojNe6rbFXttxejcpaGQ5RPTtP-jj1c3UBmMB8VdszCsnUXHKsjJ-L-UTtXyEikvpzkjb68ZE_17Au72AyAR9EzY4ei9W66__wX7ZZ_MdK5313unmvndAxDTOd0WKaZzFPM4x7PXDvt8H3c0v_QPglPA1</recordid><startdate>20200520</startdate><enddate>20200520</enddate><creator>Gong, Yi</creator><creator>Kong, Tongtong</creator><creator>Ren, Xin</creator><creator>Chen, Jiao</creator><creator>Lin, Shanmeng</creator><creator>Zhang, Yueling</creator><creator>Li, Shengkang</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISN</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-6577</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200520</creationdate><title>Exosome-mediated apoptosis pathway during WSSV infection in crustacean mud crab</title><author>Gong, Yi ; 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While the role of exosomes during viral infection is beginning to be appreciated, the involvement of exosomal miRNAs in immunoregulation in invertebrates has not been addressed. Here, we observed that exosomes released from WSSV-injected mud crabs could suppress viral replication by inducing apoptosis of hemocytes. Besides, miR-137 and miR-7847 were found to be less packaged in mud crab exosomes during viral infection, with both miR-137 and miR-7847 shown to negatively regulate apoptosis by targeting the apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Our data also revealed that AIF translocated to the nucleus to induce DNA fragmentation, and could competitively bind to HSP70 to disintegrate the HSP70-Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein) complex, thereby activating the mitochondria apoptosis pathway by freeing Bax. 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| subjects | Apoptosis Apoptosis-inducing factor BAX protein Bcl-2 protein Bcl-x protein Biology and Life Sciences Circulatory system Crabs Crosstalk Crustaceans Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA fragmentation Engineering Exosomes Genetic aspects Health aspects Hemocytes Hsp70 protein Immune response Immune system Immunoregulation Infections Innate immunity Invertebrates Laboratories Marine biology Medicine and Health Sciences MicroRNA MicroRNAs Microscopy miRNA Mitochondria Mud Proteins Shellfish Viral infections |
| title | Exosome-mediated apoptosis pathway during WSSV infection in crustacean mud crab |
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