Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest
Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the primary pre-erythrocytic vaccine target in Plasmodium species. Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0241426 |
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| creator | Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de Lima-Cury, Lidiane Lavigne, Aline Rosa de Pina-Costa, Anielle de Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza Catanho, Marcos Rossi, Atila Duque Brasil, Patrícia Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima |
| description | Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the primary pre-erythrocytic vaccine target in Plasmodium species. Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian Amazon [BA], 71 from Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest [AF], and 12 from non-Brazilian countries [NB]). Forty-eight polymorphic sites were detected, 46 in the central repeat region (CR), and two in the C-terminal region. Also, the CR presents InDels and a variable number of repeats. All samples correspond to the VK210 variant, and 24 VK210 subtypes based on CR. Nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0135) generated a significant number of haplotypes (168) with low genetic differentiation between the Brazilian regions (Fst = 0.208). The haplotype network revealed similar distances among the BA and AF regions. The linkage disequilibrium indicates that recombination does not seem to be acting in diversity, reinforcing natural selection's role in accelerating adaptive evolution. The high diversity (low Fst) and polymorphism frequencies could be indicators of balancing selection. Although malaria in BA and AF have distinct vector species and different host immune pressures, consistent genetic signature was found in two regions. The immunodominant B-cell epitope mapped in the CR varies from seven to 19 repeats. The CR T-cell epitope is conserved only in 39 samples. Concerning to C-terminal region, the Th2R epitope presented nonsynonymous SNP only in 6% of Brazilian samples, and the Th3R epitope remained conserved in all studied regions. We conclude that, although the uneven distribution of alleles may jeopardize the deployment of vaccines directed to a specific variable locus, a unique vaccine formulation could protect populations in all Brazilian regions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0241426 |
| format | Article |
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Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian Amazon [BA], 71 from Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest [AF], and 12 from non-Brazilian countries [NB]). Forty-eight polymorphic sites were detected, 46 in the central repeat region (CR), and two in the C-terminal region. Also, the CR presents InDels and a variable number of repeats. All samples correspond to the VK210 variant, and 24 VK210 subtypes based on CR. Nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0135) generated a significant number of haplotypes (168) with low genetic differentiation between the Brazilian regions (Fst = 0.208). The haplotype network revealed similar distances among the BA and AF regions. The linkage disequilibrium indicates that recombination does not seem to be acting in diversity, reinforcing natural selection's role in accelerating adaptive evolution. The high diversity (low Fst) and polymorphism frequencies could be indicators of balancing selection. Although malaria in BA and AF have distinct vector species and different host immune pressures, consistent genetic signature was found in two regions. The immunodominant B-cell epitope mapped in the CR varies from seven to 19 repeats. The CR T-cell epitope is conserved only in 39 samples. Concerning to C-terminal region, the Th2R epitope presented nonsynonymous SNP only in 6% of Brazilian samples, and the Th3R epitope remained conserved in all studied regions. We conclude that, although the uneven distribution of alleles may jeopardize the deployment of vaccines directed to a specific variable locus, a unique vaccine formulation could protect populations in all Brazilian regions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241426</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33166298</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Balancing ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brazil ; Circumsporozoite protein ; Codon - genetics ; Epitopes ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - chemistry ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - genetics ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - chemistry ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - genetics ; Evolution ; Gene polymorphism ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic polymorphisms ; Genetic Variation ; Geography ; Haplotypes ; Haplotypes - genetics ; Health aspects ; INDEL Mutation - genetics ; Infections ; Laboratories ; Linkage disequilibrium ; Linkage Disequilibrium - genetics ; Lymphocytes B ; Lymphocytes T ; Malaria ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microbiological research ; Monkeys & apes ; Mosquitoes ; Natural selection ; Nucleotides ; Nucleotides - genetics ; Parasites ; Parasites - genetics ; People and places ; Peptides - chemistry ; Phylogeny ; Plasmodium (Protozoa) ; Plasmodium vivax - genetics ; Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protozoan Proteins - chemistry ; Protozoan Proteins - genetics ; Recombination ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Selection, Genetic ; Single-nucleotide polymorphism ; Vaccine efficacy ; Vaccines ; Vector-borne diseases ; Virulence (Microbiology) ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0241426</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Almeida-de-Oliveira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Almeida-de-Oliveira et al 2020 Almeida-de-Oliveira et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7f0c7eaf309e14f0cdf33988f8100cb4e05fef24ab4042b43292525bafa592213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7f0c7eaf309e14f0cdf33988f8100cb4e05fef24ab4042b43292525bafa592213</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6235-8807 ; 0000-0003-3522-3792</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7652573/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7652573/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33166298$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima-Cury, Lidiane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavigne, Aline Rosa de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pina-Costa, Anielle de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Catanho, Marcos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rossi, Atila Duque</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brasil, Patrícia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima</creatorcontrib><title>Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the primary pre-erythrocytic vaccine target in Plasmodium species. Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian Amazon [BA], 71 from Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest [AF], and 12 from non-Brazilian countries [NB]). Forty-eight polymorphic sites were detected, 46 in the central repeat region (CR), and two in the C-terminal region. Also, the CR presents InDels and a variable number of repeats. All samples correspond to the VK210 variant, and 24 VK210 subtypes based on CR. Nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0135) generated a significant number of haplotypes (168) with low genetic differentiation between the Brazilian regions (Fst = 0.208). The haplotype network revealed similar distances among the BA and AF regions. The linkage disequilibrium indicates that recombination does not seem to be acting in diversity, reinforcing natural selection's role in accelerating adaptive evolution. The high diversity (low Fst) and polymorphism frequencies could be indicators of balancing selection. Although malaria in BA and AF have distinct vector species and different host immune pressures, consistent genetic signature was found in two regions. The immunodominant B-cell epitope mapped in the CR varies from seven to 19 repeats. The CR T-cell epitope is conserved only in 39 samples. Concerning to C-terminal region, the Th2R epitope presented nonsynonymous SNP only in 6% of Brazilian samples, and the Th3R epitope remained conserved in all studied regions. We conclude that, although the uneven distribution of alleles may jeopardize the deployment of vaccines directed to a specific variable locus, a unique vaccine formulation could protect populations in all Brazilian regions.</description><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Amino Acid Substitution</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Atlantic Ocean</subject><subject>Balancing</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Circumsporozoite protein</subject><subject>Codon - genetics</subject><subject>Epitopes</subject><subject>Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - chemistry</subject><subject>Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - genetics</subject><subject>Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - chemistry</subject><subject>Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - genetics</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Gene polymorphism</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetic diversity</subject><subject>Genetic polymorphisms</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Haplotypes - genetics</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>INDEL Mutation - genetics</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Linkage disequilibrium</subject><subject>Linkage Disequilibrium - genetics</subject><subject>Lymphocytes B</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Microbiological research</subject><subject>Monkeys & apes</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Natural selection</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>Nucleotides - genetics</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasites - genetics</subject><subject>People and places</subject><subject>Peptides - chemistry</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plasmodium (Protozoa)</subject><subject>Plasmodium vivax - genetics</subject><subject>Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><subject>Protozoan Proteins - chemistry</subject><subject>Protozoan Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Recombination</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Selection, Genetic</subject><subject>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</subject><subject>Vaccine efficacy</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Virulence (Microbiology)</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk11rFDEUhgdRbK3-A9GAIHixa77m66awLVZXCpX6cRvOZJLZLDPJmswsbX-RP9OsOy07oCBzkUnyvO85vOQkyUuC54Tl5P3aDd5CO984q-aYcsJp9ig5JiWjs4xi9vjg_yh5FsIa45QVWfY0OWKMZBkti-Pk1xm0YKWxDQqqVbI3ziKwNVqZZoUaZVVvJKrNVvlg-lvkNPrSQuhcbYYObc0WbpA0Xg5d2Djv7pzpFZLK9h5a5FWzszMWbcBD1KuAtHcdOvNwZ1oDFi06uBsrXhuHaoU-g1XGO7ToY2O74hfOq9A_T55oaIN6Ma4nyfeLD9_OP80urz4uzxeXM5mVtJ_lGstcgWa4VITHTa0ZK4tCFwRjWXGFU6005VBxzGnFGS1pStMKNKQlpYSdJK_3vpvWBTGGHATlaVHyMgYaieWeqB2sxcabDvytcGDEnwPnGwE-Nt4qUZckL2SudcGA60JVGOdVJUnFcMxfptHrdKw2VJ2qx-AmptMba1aicVuRZ7HrnEWDN6OBdz-HmNM_Wh6pBmJXxmoXzWRnghSLjBMcY6BFpOZ_oeJXq87I-My0iecTwbuJIDK9uukbGEIQy6_X_89e_Ziybw_YlYK2XwXXDrvHGaYg34PSuxC80g_JESx2U3KfhthNiRinJMpeHab-ILofC_YbyXIQlA</recordid><startdate>20201109</startdate><enddate>20201109</enddate><creator>Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin</creator><creator>Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de</creator><creator>Lima-Cury, Lidiane</creator><creator>Lavigne, Aline Rosa de</creator><creator>Pina-Costa, Anielle de</creator><creator>Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza</creator><creator>Catanho, Marcos</creator><creator>Rossi, Atila Duque</creator><creator>Brasil, Patrícia</creator><creator>Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu</creator><creator>Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6235-8807</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-3792</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201109</creationdate><title>Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest</title><author>Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin ; Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de ; Lima-Cury, Lidiane ; Lavigne, Aline Rosa de ; Pina-Costa, Anielle de ; Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza ; Catanho, Marcos ; Rossi, Atila Duque ; Brasil, Patrícia ; Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu ; Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7f0c7eaf309e14f0cdf33988f8100cb4e05fef24ab4042b43292525bafa592213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>Amino Acid Substitution</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Atlantic Ocean</topic><topic>Balancing</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brazil</topic><topic>Circumsporozoite protein</topic><topic>Codon - genetics</topic><topic>Epitopes</topic><topic>Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - chemistry</topic><topic>Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - genetics</topic><topic>Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - chemistry</topic><topic>Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - genetics</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Gene polymorphism</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genetic polymorphisms</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Geography</topic><topic>Haplotypes</topic><topic>Haplotypes - genetics</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>INDEL Mutation - genetics</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Linkage disequilibrium</topic><topic>Linkage Disequilibrium - genetics</topic><topic>Lymphocytes B</topic><topic>Lymphocytes T</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Microbiological research</topic><topic>Monkeys & apes</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Natural selection</topic><topic>Nucleotides</topic><topic>Nucleotides - genetics</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Parasites - genetics</topic><topic>People and places</topic><topic>Peptides - chemistry</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Plasmodium (Protozoa)</topic><topic>Plasmodium vivax - genetics</topic><topic>Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic</topic><topic>Protozoan Proteins - chemistry</topic><topic>Protozoan Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Recombination</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Selection, Genetic</topic><topic>Single-nucleotide polymorphism</topic><topic>Vaccine efficacy</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Virulence (Microbiology)</topic><topic>Zoonoses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima-Cury, Lidiane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lavigne, Aline Rosa de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pina-Costa, Anielle de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Catanho, Marcos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rossi, Atila Duque</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brasil, Patrícia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Almeida-de-Oliveira, Natália Ketrin</au><au>Abreu-Fernandes, Rebecca de</au><au>Lima-Cury, Lidiane</au><au>Lavigne, Aline Rosa de</au><au>Pina-Costa, Anielle de</au><au>Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza</au><au>Catanho, Marcos</au><au>Rossi, Atila Duque</au><au>Brasil, Patrícia</au><au>Daniel-Ribeiro, Cláudio Tadeu</au><au>Ferreira-da-Cruz, Maria de Fátima</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-11-09</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e0241426</spage><pages>e0241426-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is the primary pre-erythrocytic vaccine target in Plasmodium species. Knowledge about their genetic diversity can help predict vaccine efficacy and the spread of novel parasite variants. Thus, we investigated pvcsp gene polymorphisms in 219 isolates (136 from Brazilian Amazon [BA], 71 from Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest [AF], and 12 from non-Brazilian countries [NB]). Forty-eight polymorphic sites were detected, 46 in the central repeat region (CR), and two in the C-terminal region. Also, the CR presents InDels and a variable number of repeats. All samples correspond to the VK210 variant, and 24 VK210 subtypes based on CR. Nucleotide diversity (π = 0.0135) generated a significant number of haplotypes (168) with low genetic differentiation between the Brazilian regions (Fst = 0.208). The haplotype network revealed similar distances among the BA and AF regions. The linkage disequilibrium indicates that recombination does not seem to be acting in diversity, reinforcing natural selection's role in accelerating adaptive evolution. The high diversity (low Fst) and polymorphism frequencies could be indicators of balancing selection. Although malaria in BA and AF have distinct vector species and different host immune pressures, consistent genetic signature was found in two regions. The immunodominant B-cell epitope mapped in the CR varies from seven to 19 repeats. The CR T-cell epitope is conserved only in 39 samples. Concerning to C-terminal region, the Th2R epitope presented nonsynonymous SNP only in 6% of Brazilian samples, and the Th3R epitope remained conserved in all studied regions. We conclude that, although the uneven distribution of alleles may jeopardize the deployment of vaccines directed to a specific variable locus, a unique vaccine formulation could protect populations in all Brazilian regions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>33166298</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0241426</doi><tpages>e0241426</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6235-8807</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3522-3792</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2020-11, Vol.15 (11), p.e0241426 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2458949932 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Amino Acid Sequence Amino Acid Substitution Animals Atlantic Ocean Balancing Biology and Life Sciences Brazil Circumsporozoite protein Codon - genetics Epitopes Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - chemistry Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte - genetics Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - chemistry Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte - genetics Evolution Gene polymorphism Genetic aspects Genetic diversity Genetic polymorphisms Genetic Variation Geography Haplotypes Haplotypes - genetics Health aspects INDEL Mutation - genetics Infections Laboratories Linkage disequilibrium Linkage Disequilibrium - genetics Lymphocytes B Lymphocytes T Malaria Medicine and Health Sciences Microbiological research Monkeys & apes Mosquitoes Natural selection Nucleotides Nucleotides - genetics Parasites Parasites - genetics People and places Peptides - chemistry Phylogeny Plasmodium (Protozoa) Plasmodium vivax - genetics Plasmodium vivax - isolation & purification Polymorphism Polymorphism, Genetic Protozoan Proteins - chemistry Protozoan Proteins - genetics Recombination Research and Analysis Methods Selection, Genetic Single-nucleotide polymorphism Vaccine efficacy Vaccines Vector-borne diseases Virulence (Microbiology) Zoonoses |
| title | Balancing selection and high genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite central region in parasites from Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest |
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