Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador
Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2020-09, Vol.15 (9), p.e0240008-e0240008 |
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| creator | Paz, Clara Mascialino, Guido Adana-Díaz, Lila Rodríguez-Lorenzana, Alberto Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine Gómez-Barreno, Lenin Troya, Maritza Paez, María Ignacia Cárdenas, Javier Gerstner, Rebekka M Ortiz-Prado, Esteban |
| description | Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. Promotion of modifiable behaviors such as exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to less than an hour is recommended. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0240008 |
| format | Article |
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The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. Promotion of modifiable behaviors such as exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to less than an hour is recommended.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32997705</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Activities of Daily Living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxieties ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - epidemiology ; Anxiety disorders ; Betacoronavirus ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Coastal zone ; Complications ; Confinement ; Constraining ; Contact Tracing ; Corona ; Coronavirus Infections - psychology ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Demographic aspects ; Depression (Mood disorder) ; Depression - epidemiology ; Ecuador - epidemiology ; Epidemics ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Gender ; Health policy ; Health problems ; Humans ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Mental Health ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Patient Health Questionnaire ; People and places ; Pneumonia, Viral - psychology ; Polls & surveys ; Psychological aspects ; Quarantine ; Questionnaires ; Regression analysis ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Routines ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sentinel surveillance ; Signs and symptoms ; Social aspects ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveillance ; Surveys ; Variance ; Viral diseases ; Viruses ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-09, Vol.15 (9), p.e0240008-e0240008</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Paz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Paz et al 2020 Paz et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1370d6486cb4a42c0e3673cd6d8d0953e71ea4cc7602f8fc38a4b485b9b3b38e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1370d6486cb4a42c0e3673cd6d8d0953e71ea4cc7602f8fc38a4b485b9b3b38e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8130-5361 ; 0000-0003-1106-9567</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7526886/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7526886/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32997705$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Reppermund, Simone</contributor><creatorcontrib>Paz, Clara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mascialino, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adana-Díaz, Lila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodríguez-Lorenzana, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez-Barreno, Lenin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Troya, Maritza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paez, María Ignacia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cárdenas, Javier</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerstner, Rebekka M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortiz-Prado, Esteban</creatorcontrib><title>Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. 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Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Paz, Clara</au><au>Mascialino, Guido</au><au>Adana-Díaz, Lila</au><au>Rodríguez-Lorenzana, Alberto</au><au>Simbaña-Rivera, Katherine</au><au>Gómez-Barreno, Lenin</au><au>Troya, Maritza</au><au>Paez, María Ignacia</au><au>Cárdenas, Javier</au><au>Gerstner, Rebekka M</au><au>Ortiz-Prado, Esteban</au><au>Reppermund, Simone</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-09-30</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e0240008</spage><epage>e0240008</epage><pages>e0240008-e0240008</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Ecuador has been one of the most affected countries by the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, by April 2020 this country presented the highest rates of mortality in Latin America. The purpose of the present study was to identify behaviors during confinement and sociodemographic variables associated with the mental health status of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients who were part of the epidemiological surveillance program in Ecuador that included mandatory confinement and self-isolation. A cross-sectional study was performed from March 22th to April 18th, 2020 using an online survey. The survey collected socio-demographic information and severity of depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety symptoms through the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. A total of 759 patients completed the questionnaire, 20.3% presented moderate to severe symptoms of depression and 22.5% moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. Being a woman and from the Coastal region were risk factors. Exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to an hour was associated with better mental health. Regression analysis indicated that the mentioned behaviors explained approximately 17% of the variance for depression sum scores and 11.8% of the variance for anxiety sum scores while controlling for gender and region. Understanding the association between sociodemographic variables and psychological states in patients with COVID-19 is relevant to tackle future public mental health problems and to implement health policies that are intended to palliate further psychiatric complications. Promotion of modifiable behaviors such as exercising, maintaining daily routines, and keeping informed about the COVID-19 but limiting to less than an hour is recommended.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32997705</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0240008</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8130-5361</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1106-9567</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2020-09, Vol.15 (9), p.e0240008-e0240008 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2447527007 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Activities of Daily Living Adolescent Adult Anxieties Anxiety Anxiety - epidemiology Anxiety disorders Betacoronavirus Biology and Life Sciences Coastal zone Complications Confinement Constraining Contact Tracing Corona Coronavirus Infections - psychology Coronaviruses COVID-19 Cross-Sectional Studies Demographic aspects Depression (Mood disorder) Depression - epidemiology Ecuador - epidemiology Epidemics Epidemiological Monitoring Epidemiology Exercise Female Gender Health policy Health problems Humans Male Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Mental disorders Mental Health Methods Middle Aged Pandemics Patient Health Questionnaire People and places Pneumonia, Viral - psychology Polls & surveys Psychological aspects Quarantine Questionnaires Regression analysis Risk analysis Risk Factors Routines SARS-CoV-2 Sentinel surveillance Signs and symptoms Social aspects Social Sciences Socioeconomic Factors Surveillance Surveys Variance Viral diseases Viruses Young Adult |
| title | Behavioral and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and depression in patients under epidemiological surveillance for COVID-19 in Ecuador |
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