Downy Mildew effector HaRxL21 interacts with the transcriptional repressor TOPLESS to promote pathogen susceptibility
Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) is an oomycete pathogen causing Arabidopsis downy mildew. Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS pathogens 2020-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e1008835-e1008835 |
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| creator | Harvey, Sarah Kumari, Priyanka Lapin, Dmitry Griebel, Thomas Hickman, Richard Guo, Wenbin Zhang, Runxuan Parker, Jane E Beynon, Jim Denby, Katherine Steinbrenner, Jens |
| description | Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) is an oomycete pathogen causing Arabidopsis downy mildew. Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomycete effectors share a conserved 'RxLR' motif critical for their translocation into the host cell. Here we characterize the interaction between an RxLR effector, HaRxL21 (RxL21), and the Arabidopsis transcriptional co-repressor Topless (TPL). We establish that RxL21 and TPL interact via an EAR motif at the C-terminus of the effector, mimicking the host plant mechanism for recruiting TPL to sites of transcriptional repression. We show that this motif, and hence interaction with TPL, is necessary for the virulence function of the effector. Furthermore, we provide evidence that RxL21 uses the interaction with TPL, and its close relative TPL-related 1, to repress plant immunity and enhance host susceptibility to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008835 |
| format | Article |
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Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomycete effectors share a conserved 'RxLR' motif critical for their translocation into the host cell. Here we characterize the interaction between an RxLR effector, HaRxL21 (RxL21), and the Arabidopsis transcriptional co-repressor Topless (TPL). We establish that RxL21 and TPL interact via an EAR motif at the C-terminus of the effector, mimicking the host plant mechanism for recruiting TPL to sites of transcriptional repression. We show that this motif, and hence interaction with TPL, is necessary for the virulence function of the effector. Furthermore, we provide evidence that RxL21 uses the interaction with TPL, and its close relative TPL-related 1, to repress plant immunity and enhance host susceptibility to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1553-7366</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1553-7374</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008835</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32785253</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Airborne microorganisms ; Amino acids ; Arabidopsis ; Arabidopsis - immunology ; Arabidopsis - microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism ; Binding sites ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; C-Terminus ; Cellular proteins ; Diseases and pests ; Downy mildew ; Funding ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene silencing ; Genetic aspects ; Genomes ; Host plants ; Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology ; Immunity ; Infections ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mimicry ; Oomycetes - physiology ; Pathogens ; Peptides ; Physiology ; Plant Diseases - immunology ; Plant Diseases - microbiology ; Plant hardiness ; Plant immunity ; Plant Immunity - immunology ; Plant sciences ; Properties ; Proteins ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Supervision ; Translocation ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors - genetics ; Virulence Factors - metabolism</subject><ispartof>PLoS pathogens, 2020-08, Vol.16 (8), p.e1008835-e1008835</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Harvey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Harvey et al 2020 Harvey et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c712t-1ba1e6fa1fb40a0ec5ea322dc47a55465a128326663442966933591d165aaa303</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c712t-1ba1e6fa1fb40a0ec5ea322dc47a55465a128326663442966933591d165aaa303</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3600-6493 ; 0000-0002-1829-6044 ; 0000-0002-4542-7740 ; 0000-0003-1008-2268 ; 0000-0001-7558-765X ; 0000-0001-9591-3950 ; 0000-0002-4700-6480 ; 0000-0002-1855-3215 ; 0000-0002-7857-6814</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7446885/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7446885/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32785253$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Wang, Yuanchao</contributor><creatorcontrib>Harvey, Sarah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumari, Priyanka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lapin, Dmitry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Griebel, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hickman, Richard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Wenbin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Runxuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parker, Jane E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beynon, Jim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Denby, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Steinbrenner, Jens</creatorcontrib><title>Downy Mildew effector HaRxL21 interacts with the transcriptional repressor TOPLESS to promote pathogen susceptibility</title><title>PLoS pathogens</title><addtitle>PLoS Pathog</addtitle><description>Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa) is an oomycete pathogen causing Arabidopsis downy mildew. Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomycete effectors share a conserved 'RxLR' motif critical for their translocation into the host cell. Here we characterize the interaction between an RxLR effector, HaRxL21 (RxL21), and the Arabidopsis transcriptional co-repressor Topless (TPL). We establish that RxL21 and TPL interact via an EAR motif at the C-terminus of the effector, mimicking the host plant mechanism for recruiting TPL to sites of transcriptional repression. We show that this motif, and hence interaction with TPL, is necessary for the virulence function of the effector. Furthermore, we provide evidence that RxL21 uses the interaction with TPL, and its close relative TPL-related 1, to repress plant immunity and enhance host susceptibility to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.</description><subject>Airborne microorganisms</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Arabidopsis</subject><subject>Arabidopsis - immunology</subject><subject>Arabidopsis - microbiology</subject><subject>Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Binding sites</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>C-Terminus</subject><subject>Cellular proteins</subject><subject>Diseases and pests</subject><subject>Downy mildew</subject><subject>Funding</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Gene silencing</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Host plants</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mimicry</subject><subject>Oomycetes - 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immunology</topic><topic>Arabidopsis - microbiology</topic><topic>Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Binding sites</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>C-Terminus</topic><topic>Cellular proteins</topic><topic>Diseases and pests</topic><topic>Downy mildew</topic><topic>Funding</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Gene silencing</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>Host plants</topic><topic>Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology</topic><topic>Immunity</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Mimicry</topic><topic>Oomycetes - physiology</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - immunology</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Plant hardiness</topic><topic>Plant immunity</topic><topic>Plant Immunity - immunology</topic><topic>Plant sciences</topic><topic>Properties</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Supervision</topic><topic>Translocation</topic><topic>Virulence</topic><topic>Virulence Factors - 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Effector proteins secreted from the pathogen into the plant play key roles in promoting infection by suppressing plant immunity and manipulating the host to the pathogen's advantage. One class of oomycete effectors share a conserved 'RxLR' motif critical for their translocation into the host cell. Here we characterize the interaction between an RxLR effector, HaRxL21 (RxL21), and the Arabidopsis transcriptional co-repressor Topless (TPL). We establish that RxL21 and TPL interact via an EAR motif at the C-terminus of the effector, mimicking the host plant mechanism for recruiting TPL to sites of transcriptional repression. We show that this motif, and hence interaction with TPL, is necessary for the virulence function of the effector. 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| subjects | Airborne microorganisms Amino acids Arabidopsis Arabidopsis - immunology Arabidopsis - microbiology Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism Binding sites Biology Biology and Life Sciences C-Terminus Cellular proteins Diseases and pests Downy mildew Funding Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene silencing Genetic aspects Genomes Host plants Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology Immunity Infections Medicine and Health Sciences Mimicry Oomycetes - physiology Pathogens Peptides Physiology Plant Diseases - immunology Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant hardiness Plant immunity Plant Immunity - immunology Plant sciences Properties Proteins Research and Analysis Methods Supervision Translocation Virulence Virulence Factors - genetics Virulence Factors - metabolism |
| title | Downy Mildew effector HaRxL21 interacts with the transcriptional repressor TOPLESS to promote pathogen susceptibility |
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