Cattle co-infection of Echinococcus granulosus and Fasciola hepatica results in a different systemic cytokine profile than single parasite infection
E. granulosus is a cestode that causes Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease with worldwide presence. The immune response generated by the host against the metacestode induces a permissive Th2 response, as opposed to pro-inflammatory Th1 response. In this view, mixed Th2 and regulatory resp...
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| description | E. granulosus is a cestode that causes Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease with worldwide presence. The immune response generated by the host against the metacestode induces a permissive Th2 response, as opposed to pro-inflammatory Th1 response. In this view, mixed Th2 and regulatory responses allow parasite survival. Overall, larval Echinococcus infections induce strong regulatory responses. Fasciola hepatica, another common helminth parasite, represents a major infection in cattle. Co-infection with different parasite species in the same host, polyparasitism, is a common occurrence involving E. granulosus and F. hepatica in cattle. 'While it is known that infection with F. hepatica also triggers a polarized Th2/Treg immune response, little is reported regarding effects on the systemic immune response of this example of polyparasitism. F. hepatica also triggers immune responses polarized to the Th2/ Treg spectrum. Serum samples from 107 animals were analyzed, and were divided according to their infection status and Echinococcal cysts fertility. Cytokines were measured utilizing a Milliplex Magnetic Bead Panel to detect IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-18. Cattle infected only with F. hepatica had the highest concentration of every cytokine analyzed, with both 4.24 and 3.34-fold increases in IL-10 and IL-4, respectively, compared to control animals, followed by E. granulosus and F. hepatica co-infected animals with two-fold increase in IL-10 and IL-4, compared to control animals, suggesting that E. granulosus co-infection dampens the cattle Th2/Treg immune response against F. hepatica. When considering Echinococcal cyst fertility and systemic cytokine concentrations, fertile cysts had higher IFN-[gamma], IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations, while infertile cysts had higher IL-10 concentrations. These results show that E. granulosus co-infection lowers Th1 and Th2 cytokine serological concentration when compared to F. hepatica infection alone. E. granulosus infections show no difference in IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-18 levels compared with control animals, highlighting the immune evasion mechanisms of this cestode. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0238909 |
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The immune response generated by the host against the metacestode induces a permissive Th2 response, as opposed to pro-inflammatory Th1 response. In this view, mixed Th2 and regulatory responses allow parasite survival. Overall, larval Echinococcus infections induce strong regulatory responses. Fasciola hepatica, another common helminth parasite, represents a major infection in cattle. Co-infection with different parasite species in the same host, polyparasitism, is a common occurrence involving E. granulosus and F. hepatica in cattle. 'While it is known that infection with F. hepatica also triggers a polarized Th2/Treg immune response, little is reported regarding effects on the systemic immune response of this example of polyparasitism. F. hepatica also triggers immune responses polarized to the Th2/ Treg spectrum. Serum samples from 107 animals were analyzed, and were divided according to their infection status and Echinococcal cysts fertility. Cytokines were measured utilizing a Milliplex Magnetic Bead Panel to detect IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-18. Cattle infected only with F. hepatica had the highest concentration of every cytokine analyzed, with both 4.24 and 3.34-fold increases in IL-10 and IL-4, respectively, compared to control animals, followed by E. granulosus and F. hepatica co-infected animals with two-fold increase in IL-10 and IL-4, compared to control animals, suggesting that E. granulosus co-infection dampens the cattle Th2/Treg immune response against F. hepatica. When considering Echinococcal cyst fertility and systemic cytokine concentrations, fertile cysts had higher IFN-[gamma], IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations, while infertile cysts had higher IL-10 concentrations. These results show that E. granulosus co-infection lowers Th1 and Th2 cytokine serological concentration when compared to F. hepatica infection alone. E. granulosus infections show no difference in IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-18 levels compared with control animals, highlighting the immune evasion mechanisms of this cestode.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238909</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32915902</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antigens ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cattle ; Cattle diseases ; Comorbidity ; Cysts ; Cytokines ; Echinococcosis ; Fasciola hepatica ; Fertility ; Fluke infections ; Health aspects ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Infections ; Inflammation ; Interleukin 1 ; Interleukin 10 ; Interleukin 12 ; Interleukin 18 ; Interleukin 2 ; Interleukin 4 ; Interleukin 6 ; Laboratories ; Liver ; Lungs ; Lymphocytes T ; Mammals ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Parasites ; Physiological aspects ; Small intestine ; Zoonoses ; γ-Interferon</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-09, Vol.15 (9), p.e0238909-e0238909</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Corrêa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Corrêa et al 2020 Corrêa et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5849-2fe1efb4d0db275c0944bcd22eecfd86afea3b42698e0dc50e56133ede921b1c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5849-2fe1efb4d0db275c0944bcd22eecfd86afea3b42698e0dc50e56133ede921b1c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5909-9362</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7485845/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7485845/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids></links><search><contributor>Talamas-Rohana, Patricia</contributor><creatorcontrib>Corrêa, Felipe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hidalgo, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoore, Caroll</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiménez, Mauricio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hernández, Marcela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paredes, Rodolfo</creatorcontrib><title>Cattle co-infection of Echinococcus granulosus and Fasciola hepatica results in a different systemic cytokine profile than single parasite infection</title><title>PloS one</title><description>E. granulosus is a cestode that causes Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease with worldwide presence. 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co-infection of Echinococcus granulosus and Fasciola hepatica results in a different systemic cytokine profile than single parasite infection</title><author>Corrêa, Felipe ; Hidalgo, Christian ; Stoore, Caroll ; Jiménez, Mauricio ; Hernández, Marcela ; Paredes, Rodolfo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5849-2fe1efb4d0db275c0944bcd22eecfd86afea3b42698e0dc50e56133ede921b1c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Cattle diseases</topic><topic>Comorbidity</topic><topic>Cysts</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Echinococcosis</topic><topic>Fasciola hepatica</topic><topic>Fertility</topic><topic>Fluke infections</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune 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one</jtitle><date>2020-09-11</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>e0238909</spage><epage>e0238909</epage><pages>e0238909-e0238909</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>E. granulosus is a cestode that causes Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease with worldwide presence. The immune response generated by the host against the metacestode induces a permissive Th2 response, as opposed to pro-inflammatory Th1 response. In this view, mixed Th2 and regulatory responses allow parasite survival. Overall, larval Echinococcus infections induce strong regulatory responses. Fasciola hepatica, another common helminth parasite, represents a major infection in cattle. Co-infection with different parasite species in the same host, polyparasitism, is a common occurrence involving E. granulosus and F. hepatica in cattle. 'While it is known that infection with F. hepatica also triggers a polarized Th2/Treg immune response, little is reported regarding effects on the systemic immune response of this example of polyparasitism. F. hepatica also triggers immune responses polarized to the Th2/ Treg spectrum. Serum samples from 107 animals were analyzed, and were divided according to their infection status and Echinococcal cysts fertility. Cytokines were measured utilizing a Milliplex Magnetic Bead Panel to detect IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and IL-18. Cattle infected only with F. hepatica had the highest concentration of every cytokine analyzed, with both 4.24 and 3.34-fold increases in IL-10 and IL-4, respectively, compared to control animals, followed by E. granulosus and F. hepatica co-infected animals with two-fold increase in IL-10 and IL-4, compared to control animals, suggesting that E. granulosus co-infection dampens the cattle Th2/Treg immune response against F. hepatica. When considering Echinococcal cyst fertility and systemic cytokine concentrations, fertile cysts had higher IFN-[gamma], IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations, while infertile cysts had higher IL-10 concentrations. These results show that E. granulosus co-infection lowers Th1 and Th2 cytokine serological concentration when compared to F. hepatica infection alone. E. granulosus infections show no difference in IFN-[gamma], IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-18 levels compared with control animals, highlighting the immune evasion mechanisms of this cestode.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32915902</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0238909</doi><tpages>e0238909</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5909-9362</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Animals Antigens Biology and Life Sciences Cattle Cattle diseases Comorbidity Cysts Cytokines Echinococcosis Fasciola hepatica Fertility Fluke infections Health aspects Immune response Immune system Infections Inflammation Interleukin 1 Interleukin 10 Interleukin 12 Interleukin 18 Interleukin 2 Interleukin 4 Interleukin 6 Laboratories Liver Lungs Lymphocytes T Mammals Medicine and Health Sciences Parasites Physiological aspects Small intestine Zoonoses γ-Interferon |
| title | Cattle co-infection of Echinococcus granulosus and Fasciola hepatica results in a different systemic cytokine profile than single parasite infection |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-22T12%3A41%3A30IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cattle%20co-infection%20of%20Echinococcus%20granulosus%20and%20Fasciola%20hepatica%20results%20in%20a%20different%20systemic%20cytokine%20profile%20than%20single%20parasite%20infection&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Corr%C3%AAa,%20Felipe&rft.date=2020-09-11&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=e0238909&rft.epage=e0238909&rft.pages=e0238909-e0238909&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0238909&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA635163970%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2441872476&rft_id=info:pmid/32915902&rft_galeid=A635163970&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_8446abe5e71b4147b1b59d0283972d8d&rfr_iscdi=true |