Association of smoking with incident CKD risk in the general population: A community-based cohort study
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, and an unfavorable lifestyle has been suggested as a modifiable risk factor for CKD. Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kid...
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| creator | Jo, Wonji Lee, Sangmi Joo, Young Su Nam, Ki Heon Yun, Hae-Ryong Chang, Tae Ik Kang, Ea wha Yoo, Tae-Hyun Han, Seung Hyeok Kang, Shin-Wook Park, Jung Tak |
| description | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, and an unfavorable lifestyle has been suggested as a modifiable risk factor for CKD. Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kidney health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and CKD among healthy middle-aged adults. Using the database from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we analyzed 8,661 participants after excluding those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0238111 |
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Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kidney health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and CKD among healthy middle-aged adults. Using the database from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we analyzed 8,661 participants after excluding those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<60 ml/min/1.72 m.sup.2 or proteinuria. Exposure of interest was smoking status: never-, former-, and current-smokers. Primary outcome was incident CKD defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 or newly developed proteinuria. The mean age of the subjects was 52 years, and 47.6% of them were males. There were 551 (6.4%) and 1,255 (14.5%) subjects with diabetes and hypertension, respectively. The mean eGFR was 93.0 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 . Among the participants, 5,140 (59.3%), 1,336 (15.4%), and 2,185 (25.2%) were never-smokers, former-smokers, and current-smokers, respectively. During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, incident CKD developed in 1,941 (22.4%) subjects with a crude incidence rate of 25.1 (24.0-26.2) per 1,000 person-years. The multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjustment of confounding factors showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.13 (0.95-1.35) and 1.26 (1.07-1.48) for CKD development in the former- and current-smokers, compared with never-smokers. This study showed that smoking was associated with a higher risk of incident CKD among healthy middle-aged adults.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238111</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32853266</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adults ; Age ; Alcohol use ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cholesterol ; Chronic kidney failure ; Cigarette smoking ; Cigarettes ; Cohort analysis ; Confidence intervals ; Creatinine ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Epidemiology ; Epidermal growth factor receptors ; Genomes ; Glomerular filtration rate ; Health aspects ; Health insurance ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Hospitals ; Hypertension ; Internal medicine ; Kidney diseases ; Kidneys ; Laboratories ; Medical schools ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Middle aged persons ; Normal distribution ; Population studies ; Proteins ; Proteinuria ; Public health ; Regression analysis ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; Smoking ; Smoking cessation ; Social Sciences ; Socioeconomic factors ; Statistical analysis ; Statistics ; Supervision ; Urine</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e0238111-e0238111</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Jo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Jo et al 2020 Jo et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-62959fa7402a8f592153d2647d510a48d990cb78ba20a86e682b2d06caaa81293</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-62959fa7402a8f592153d2647d510a48d990cb78ba20a86e682b2d06caaa81293</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6507-2676 ; 0000-0002-8685-2516 ; 0000-0002-7890-0928 ; 0000-0002-9183-4507 ; 0000-0002-3619-0809</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7451569/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7451569/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jo, Wonji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Sangmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Joo, Young Su</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nam, Ki Heon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yun, Hae-Ryong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Tae Ik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Ea wha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoo, Tae-Hyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Seung Hyeok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Shin-Wook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Jung Tak</creatorcontrib><title>Association of smoking with incident CKD risk in the general population: A community-based cohort study</title><title>PloS one</title><description>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, and an unfavorable lifestyle has been suggested as a modifiable risk factor for CKD. Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kidney health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and CKD among healthy middle-aged adults. Using the database from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we analyzed 8,661 participants after excluding those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<60 ml/min/1.72 m.sup.2 or proteinuria. Exposure of interest was smoking status: never-, former-, and current-smokers. Primary outcome was incident CKD defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 or newly developed proteinuria. The mean age of the subjects was 52 years, and 47.6% of them were males. There were 551 (6.4%) and 1,255 (14.5%) subjects with diabetes and hypertension, respectively. The mean eGFR was 93.0 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 . Among the participants, 5,140 (59.3%), 1,336 (15.4%), and 2,185 (25.2%) were never-smokers, former-smokers, and current-smokers, respectively. During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, incident CKD developed in 1,941 (22.4%) subjects with a crude incidence rate of 25.1 (24.0-26.2) per 1,000 person-years. The multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjustment of confounding factors showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.13 (0.95-1.35) and 1.26 (1.07-1.48) for CKD development in the former- and current-smokers, compared with never-smokers. This study showed that smoking was associated with a higher risk of incident CKD among healthy middle-aged adults.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Alcohol use</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Chronic kidney failure</subject><subject>Cigarette smoking</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Creatinine</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Epidermal growth factor receptors</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Glomerular filtration rate</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health insurance</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Internal medicine</subject><subject>Kidney diseases</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Medical schools</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Middle aged persons</subject><subject>Normal distribution</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Proteinuria</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking cessation</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Socioeconomic factors</subject><subject>Statistical 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of smoking with incident CKD risk in the general population: A community-based cohort study</title><author>Jo, Wonji ; Lee, Sangmi ; Joo, Young Su ; Nam, Ki Heon ; Yun, Hae-Ryong ; Chang, Tae Ik ; Kang, Ea wha ; Yoo, Tae-Hyun ; Han, Seung Hyeok ; Kang, Shin-Wook ; Park, Jung Tak</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c669t-62959fa7402a8f592153d2647d510a48d990cb78ba20a86e682b2d06caaa81293</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Alcohol use</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Chronic kidney failure</topic><topic>Cigarette smoking</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Creatinine</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes 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Cigarette smoking is closely associated with cardiovascular disease and cancers; however, there is a lack of evidence to prove that smoking is harmful for kidney health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and CKD among healthy middle-aged adults. Using the database from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we analyzed 8,661 participants after excluding those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<60 ml/min/1.72 m.sup.2 or proteinuria. Exposure of interest was smoking status: never-, former-, and current-smokers. Primary outcome was incident CKD defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 or newly developed proteinuria. The mean age of the subjects was 52 years, and 47.6% of them were males. There were 551 (6.4%) and 1,255 (14.5%) subjects with diabetes and hypertension, respectively. The mean eGFR was 93.0 ml/min/1.73 m.sup.2 . Among the participants, 5,140 (59.3%), 1,336 (15.4%), and 2,185 (25.2%) were never-smokers, former-smokers, and current-smokers, respectively. During a median follow-up of 11.6 years, incident CKD developed in 1,941 (22.4%) subjects with a crude incidence rate of 25.1 (24.0-26.2) per 1,000 person-years. The multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjustment of confounding factors showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.13 (0.95-1.35) and 1.26 (1.07-1.48) for CKD development in the former- and current-smokers, compared with never-smokers. 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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2020-08, Vol.15 (8), p.e0238111-e0238111 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adults Age Alcohol use Biology and Life Sciences Cardiovascular diseases Cholesterol Chronic kidney failure Cigarette smoking Cigarettes Cohort analysis Confidence intervals Creatinine Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Epidemiology Epidermal growth factor receptors Genomes Glomerular filtration rate Health aspects Health insurance Health risk assessment Health risks Hospitals Hypertension Internal medicine Kidney diseases Kidneys Laboratories Medical schools Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Middle aged persons Normal distribution Population studies Proteins Proteinuria Public health Regression analysis Risk analysis Risk factors Smoking Smoking cessation Social Sciences Socioeconomic factors Statistical analysis Statistics Supervision Urine |
| title | Association of smoking with incident CKD risk in the general population: A community-based cohort study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-06T03%3A10%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Association%20of%20smoking%20with%20incident%20CKD%20risk%20in%20the%20general%20population:%20A%20community-based%20cohort%20study&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Jo,%20Wonji&rft.date=2020-08-27&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0238111&rft.epage=e0238111&rft.pages=e0238111-e0238111&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0238111&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA633690474%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2437832431&rft_id=info:pmid/32853266&rft_galeid=A633690474&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_54f9c643c6a844c9b1edbe76b2ac4383&rfr_iscdi=true |