Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly predicted salivary protein diversity and immune response potential based on in silico prediction in Egypt and Jordan populations
Phlebotomus papatasi sand flies inject their hosts with a myriad of pharmacologically active salivary proteins to assist with blood feeding and to modulate host defenses. In addition, salivary proteins can influence cutaneous leishmaniasis disease outcome, highlighting the potential of the salivary...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020-07, Vol.14 (7), p.e0007489-e0007489 |
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| creator | Flanley, Catherine M. Ramalho-Ortigao, Marcelo Coutinho-Abreu, Iliano V. Mukbel, Rami Hanafi, Hanafi A. El-Hossary, Shabaan S. Fawaz, Emadeldin Y. Hoel, David F. Bray, Alexander W. Stayback, Gwen Shoue, Douglas A. Kamhawi, Shaden Emrich, Scott McDowell, Mary Ann |
| description | Phlebotomus papatasi sand flies inject their hosts with a myriad of pharmacologically active salivary proteins to assist with blood feeding and to modulate host defenses. In addition, salivary proteins can influence cutaneous leishmaniasis disease outcome, highlighting the potential of the salivary components to be used as a vaccine. Variability of vaccine targets in natural populations influences antigen choice for vaccine development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the variability in the predicted protein sequences of nine of the most abundantly expressed salivary proteins from field populations, testing the hypothesis that salivary proteins appropriate to target for vaccination strategies will be possible. PpSP12, PpSP14, PpSP28, PpSP29, PpSP30, PpSP32, PpSP36, PpSP42, and PpSP44 mature cDNAs from field collected P. papatasi from three distinct ecotopes in the Middle East and North Africa were amplified, sequenced, and in silico translated to assess the predicted amino acid variability. Two of the predicted sequences, PpSP12 and PpSP14, demonstrated low genetic variability across the three geographic isolated sand fly populations, with conserved multiple predicted MHCII epitope binding sites suggestive of their potential application in vaccination approaches. The other seven predicted salivary proteins revealed greater allelic variation across the same sand fly populations, possibly precluding their use as vaccine targets. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007489 |
| format | Article |
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In addition, salivary proteins can influence cutaneous leishmaniasis disease outcome, highlighting the potential of the salivary components to be used as a vaccine. Variability of vaccine targets in natural populations influences antigen choice for vaccine development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the variability in the predicted protein sequences of nine of the most abundantly expressed salivary proteins from field populations, testing the hypothesis that salivary proteins appropriate to target for vaccination strategies will be possible. PpSP12, PpSP14, PpSP28, PpSP29, PpSP30, PpSP32, PpSP36, PpSP42, and PpSP44 mature cDNAs from field collected P. papatasi from three distinct ecotopes in the Middle East and North Africa were amplified, sequenced, and in silico translated to assess the predicted amino acid variability. Two of the predicted sequences, PpSP12 and PpSP14, demonstrated low genetic variability across the three geographic isolated sand fly populations, with conserved multiple predicted MHCII epitope binding sites suggestive of their potential application in vaccination approaches. The other seven predicted salivary proteins revealed greater allelic variation across the same sand fly populations, possibly precluding their use as vaccine targets.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007489</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32658913</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Antigens ; Binding sites ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cutaneous leishmaniasis ; Defence mechanisms ; Diagnosis ; Disease control ; Epitopes ; Genetic variability ; Host-parasite relationships ; Immune response ; Immunity ; Laboratories ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Methods ; Natural populations ; Observations ; Parasites ; Parasitic diseases ; People and Places ; Phlebotomus fever ; Phlebotomus papatasi ; Populations ; Preventive medicine ; Proteins ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Salivary diagnostics ; Sea level ; Tropical diseases ; Vaccination ; Vaccine development ; Vaccines ; Variability ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2020-07, Vol.14 (7), p.e0007489-e0007489</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5169-284426d479ece1b1061b076fc759c4710460f6a21c16ae2e1f7a72175e98c1413</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5169-284426d479ece1b1061b076fc759c4710460f6a21c16ae2e1f7a72175e98c1413</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4115-8464 ; 0000-0002-1849-2555 ; 0000-0002-1985-5717</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7377520/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7377520/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Flanley, Catherine M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramalho-Ortigao, Marcelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coutinho-Abreu, Iliano V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mukbel, Rami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanafi, Hanafi A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>El-Hossary, Shabaan S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fawaz, Emadeldin Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoel, David F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bray, Alexander W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stayback, Gwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shoue, Douglas A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamhawi, Shaden</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Emrich, Scott</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDowell, Mary Ann</creatorcontrib><title>Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly predicted salivary protein diversity and immune response potential based on in silico prediction in Egypt and Jordan populations</title><title>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</title><description>Phlebotomus papatasi sand flies inject their hosts with a myriad of pharmacologically active salivary proteins to assist with blood feeding and to modulate host defenses. In addition, salivary proteins can influence cutaneous leishmaniasis disease outcome, highlighting the potential of the salivary components to be used as a vaccine. Variability of vaccine targets in natural populations influences antigen choice for vaccine development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the variability in the predicted protein sequences of nine of the most abundantly expressed salivary proteins from field populations, testing the hypothesis that salivary proteins appropriate to target for vaccination strategies will be possible. PpSP12, PpSP14, PpSP28, PpSP29, PpSP30, PpSP32, PpSP36, PpSP42, and PpSP44 mature cDNAs from field collected P. papatasi from three distinct ecotopes in the Middle East and North Africa were amplified, sequenced, and in silico translated to assess the predicted amino acid variability. Two of the predicted sequences, PpSP12 and PpSP14, demonstrated low genetic variability across the three geographic isolated sand fly populations, with conserved multiple predicted MHCII epitope binding sites suggestive of their potential application in vaccination approaches. The other seven predicted salivary proteins revealed greater allelic variation across the same sand fly populations, possibly precluding their use as vaccine targets.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Binding sites</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cutaneous leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Defence mechanisms</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Epitopes</subject><subject>Genetic variability</subject><subject>Host-parasite relationships</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Natural populations</subject><subject>Observations</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Phlebotomus 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Ann</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly predicted salivary protein diversity and immune response potential based on in silico prediction in Egypt and Jordan populations</atitle><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle><date>2020-07-13</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0007489</spage><epage>e0007489</epage><pages>e0007489-e0007489</pages><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><eissn>1935-2735</eissn><abstract>Phlebotomus papatasi sand flies inject their hosts with a myriad of pharmacologically active salivary proteins to assist with blood feeding and to modulate host defenses. In addition, salivary proteins can influence cutaneous leishmaniasis disease outcome, highlighting the potential of the salivary components to be used as a vaccine. Variability of vaccine targets in natural populations influences antigen choice for vaccine development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the variability in the predicted protein sequences of nine of the most abundantly expressed salivary proteins from field populations, testing the hypothesis that salivary proteins appropriate to target for vaccination strategies will be possible. PpSP12, PpSP14, PpSP28, PpSP29, PpSP30, PpSP32, PpSP36, PpSP42, and PpSP44 mature cDNAs from field collected P. papatasi from three distinct ecotopes in the Middle East and North Africa were amplified, sequenced, and in silico translated to assess the predicted amino acid variability. Two of the predicted sequences, PpSP12 and PpSP14, demonstrated low genetic variability across the three geographic isolated sand fly populations, with conserved multiple predicted MHCII epitope binding sites suggestive of their potential application in vaccination approaches. The other seven predicted salivary proteins revealed greater allelic variation across the same sand fly populations, possibly precluding their use as vaccine targets.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32658913</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0007489</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-8464</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1849-2555</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1985-5717</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Amino acids Antigens Binding sites Biology Biology and Life Sciences Cutaneous leishmaniasis Defence mechanisms Diagnosis Disease control Epitopes Genetic variability Host-parasite relationships Immune response Immunity Laboratories Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Natural populations Observations Parasites Parasitic diseases People and Places Phlebotomus fever Phlebotomus papatasi Populations Preventive medicine Proteins Research and Analysis Methods Salivary diagnostics Sea level Tropical diseases Vaccination Vaccine development Vaccines Variability Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Phlebotomus papatasi sand fly predicted salivary protein diversity and immune response potential based on in silico prediction in Egypt and Jordan populations |
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