Epidemiological study of congenital heart diseases in dogs: Prevalence, popularity, and volatility throughout twenty years of clinical practice
The epidemiology of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD.sub.s) has changed over the past twenty years. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CHD.sub.s in the population of dogs recruited in a single referral center (RC); compare the epidemiological features of CHD.sub.s in screened breeds (Boxer...
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| description | The epidemiology of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD.sub.s) has changed over the past twenty years. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CHD.sub.s in the population of dogs recruited in a single referral center (RC); compare the epidemiological features of CHD.sub.s in screened breeds (Boxers) versus non-screened (French and English Bulldogs, German Shepherds); investigate the association of breeds with the prevalence of CHD.sub.s ; determine the popularity and volatility of breeds over a 20-year period; analysed the trends of the most popular breeds in the overall population of new-born dogs registered in the Italian Kennel Club (IKC) from 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2017. The RC's cardiological database was analysed, and 1,779 clinical records were included in a retrospective observation study. Descriptive statistics and frequencies regarding the most representative breeds and CHD.sub.s were generated. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the trends of the most common CHD.sub.s found in single and in cluster of breeds. The relationship between breed popularity and presence of CHD.sub.s was studied. The most common CHD.sub.s were Pulmonic Stenosis, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Subaortic Stenosis, Ventricular Septal Defect, Aortic Stenosis, Tricuspid Dysplasia, Atrial Septal Defect, Double Chamber Right Ventricle, Mitral Dysplasia, and others less frequent. The most represented pure breeds were Boxer, German Shepherd, French Bulldog, English Bulldog, Maltese, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Chihuahua, and others in lower percentage. Chihuahuas, American Staffordshire Terriers, Border Collies, French Bulldogs, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel were the most appreciated all of which showed a high value of volatility. This study found evidence for the value of the screening program implemented in Boxers; fashions and trends influence dog owners' choices more than the worries of health problems in a breed. Effective breeding programs are needed in order to control the diffusion of CHD.sub.s without impoverishing the genetic pool. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0230160 |
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This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CHD.sub.s in the population of dogs recruited in a single referral center (RC); compare the epidemiological features of CHD.sub.s in screened breeds (Boxers) versus non-screened (French and English Bulldogs, German Shepherds); investigate the association of breeds with the prevalence of CHD.sub.s ; determine the popularity and volatility of breeds over a 20-year period; analysed the trends of the most popular breeds in the overall population of new-born dogs registered in the Italian Kennel Club (IKC) from 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2017. The RC's cardiological database was analysed, and 1,779 clinical records were included in a retrospective observation study. Descriptive statistics and frequencies regarding the most representative breeds and CHD.sub.s were generated. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the trends of the most common CHD.sub.s found in single and in cluster of breeds. The relationship between breed popularity and presence of CHD.sub.s was studied. The most common CHD.sub.s were Pulmonic Stenosis, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Subaortic Stenosis, Ventricular Septal Defect, Aortic Stenosis, Tricuspid Dysplasia, Atrial Septal Defect, Double Chamber Right Ventricle, Mitral Dysplasia, and others less frequent. The most represented pure breeds were Boxer, German Shepherd, French Bulldog, English Bulldog, Maltese, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Chihuahua, and others in lower percentage. Chihuahuas, American Staffordshire Terriers, Border Collies, French Bulldogs, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel were the most appreciated all of which showed a high value of volatility. This study found evidence for the value of the screening program implemented in Boxers; fashions and trends influence dog owners' choices more than the worries of health problems in a breed. Effective breeding programs are needed in order to control the diffusion of CHD.sub.s without impoverishing the genetic pool.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230160</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32716943</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Francisco: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aorta ; Aortic stenosis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Breeding ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Congenital diseases ; Congenital heart defects ; Coronary artery disease ; Coronary vessels ; Dog breeds ; Dog diseases ; Dogs ; Dysplasia ; Epidemiology ; Health aspects ; Health problems ; Heart diseases ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Risk factors ; Statistics ; Stenosis ; Trends ; Ventricle ; Volatility</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-07, Vol.15 (7), p.e0230160-e0230160</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Brambilla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CHD.sub.s in the population of dogs recruited in a single referral center (RC); compare the epidemiological features of CHD.sub.s in screened breeds (Boxers) versus non-screened (French and English Bulldogs, German Shepherds); investigate the association of breeds with the prevalence of CHD.sub.s ; determine the popularity and volatility of breeds over a 20-year period; analysed the trends of the most popular breeds in the overall population of new-born dogs registered in the Italian Kennel Club (IKC) from 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2017. The RC's cardiological database was analysed, and 1,779 clinical records were included in a retrospective observation study. Descriptive statistics and frequencies regarding the most representative breeds and CHD.sub.s were generated. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the trends of the most common CHD.sub.s found in single and in cluster of breeds. The relationship between breed popularity and presence of CHD.sub.s was studied. The most common CHD.sub.s were Pulmonic Stenosis, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Subaortic Stenosis, Ventricular Septal Defect, Aortic Stenosis, Tricuspid Dysplasia, Atrial Septal Defect, Double Chamber Right Ventricle, Mitral Dysplasia, and others less frequent. The most represented pure breeds were Boxer, German Shepherd, French Bulldog, English Bulldog, Maltese, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Chihuahua, and others in lower percentage. Chihuahuas, American Staffordshire Terriers, Border Collies, French Bulldogs, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel were the most appreciated all of which showed a high value of volatility. This study found evidence for the value of the screening program implemented in Boxers; fashions and trends influence dog owners' choices more than the worries of health problems in a breed. Effective breeding programs are needed in order to control the diffusion of CHD.sub.s without impoverishing the genetic pool.</description><subject>Aorta</subject><subject>Aortic stenosis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Congenital diseases</subject><subject>Congenital heart defects</subject><subject>Coronary artery disease</subject><subject>Coronary vessels</subject><subject>Dog breeds</subject><subject>Dog diseases</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Dysplasia</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health problems</subject><subject>Heart diseases</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>Risk 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Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brambilla, Paola Giuseppina</au><au>Polli, Michele</au><au>Pradelli, Danitza</au><au>Papa, Melissa</au><au>Rizzi, Rita</au><au>Bagardi, Mara</au><au>Bussadori, Claudio</au><au>Lionetti, Vincenzo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Epidemiological study of congenital heart diseases in dogs: Prevalence, popularity, and volatility throughout twenty years of clinical practice</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><date>2020-07-27</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0230160</spage><epage>e0230160</epage><pages>e0230160-e0230160</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The epidemiology of Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD.sub.s) has changed over the past twenty years. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CHD.sub.s in the population of dogs recruited in a single referral center (RC); compare the epidemiological features of CHD.sub.s in screened breeds (Boxers) versus non-screened (French and English Bulldogs, German Shepherds); investigate the association of breeds with the prevalence of CHD.sub.s ; determine the popularity and volatility of breeds over a 20-year period; analysed the trends of the most popular breeds in the overall population of new-born dogs registered in the Italian Kennel Club (IKC) from 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2017. The RC's cardiological database was analysed, and 1,779 clinical records were included in a retrospective observation study. Descriptive statistics and frequencies regarding the most representative breeds and CHD.sub.s were generated. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the trends of the most common CHD.sub.s found in single and in cluster of breeds. The relationship between breed popularity and presence of CHD.sub.s was studied. The most common CHD.sub.s were Pulmonic Stenosis, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Subaortic Stenosis, Ventricular Septal Defect, Aortic Stenosis, Tricuspid Dysplasia, Atrial Septal Defect, Double Chamber Right Ventricle, Mitral Dysplasia, and others less frequent. The most represented pure breeds were Boxer, German Shepherd, French Bulldog, English Bulldog, Maltese, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Chihuahua, and others in lower percentage. Chihuahuas, American Staffordshire Terriers, Border Collies, French Bulldogs, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel were the most appreciated all of which showed a high value of volatility. This study found evidence for the value of the screening program implemented in Boxers; fashions and trends influence dog owners' choices more than the worries of health problems in a breed. Effective breeding programs are needed in order to control the diffusion of CHD.sub.s without impoverishing the genetic pool.</abstract><cop>San Francisco</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32716943</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0230160</doi><tpages>e0230160</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-7547</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4255-555X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Aorta Aortic stenosis Biology and Life Sciences Breeding Cardiovascular diseases Congenital diseases Congenital heart defects Coronary artery disease Coronary vessels Dog breeds Dog diseases Dogs Dysplasia Epidemiology Health aspects Health problems Heart diseases Medicine and Health Sciences Regression analysis Regression models Risk factors Statistics Stenosis Trends Ventricle Volatility |
| title | Epidemiological study of congenital heart diseases in dogs: Prevalence, popularity, and volatility throughout twenty years of clinical practice |
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