Culturally diverse families of young children with ASD in Sweden: Parental explanatory models

This study investigated explanatory models of autism among parents of young children with ASD in the multicultural context of Sweden. Seventeen parents from diverse cultural, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds participated in semi-structured interviews. A deductive approach to qualitative content ana...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2020-07, Vol.15 (7), p.e0236329
Hauptverfasser: Zakirova-Engstrand, Rano, Hirvikoski, Tatja, Westling Allodi, Mara, Roll-Pettersson, Lise
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Hirvikoski, Tatja
Westling Allodi, Mara
Roll-Pettersson, Lise
description This study investigated explanatory models of autism among parents of young children with ASD in the multicultural context of Sweden. Seventeen parents from diverse cultural, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds participated in semi-structured interviews. A deductive approach to qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data. Five domains of the Explanatory Model supplementary module of the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) were used as coding categories, operationalized as 'Parents' understanding of autism'; 'Autism prototypes'; 'Causal explanations'; 'Course of autism', and 'Help seeking and treatment expectations' The results showed that parents' prior knowledge of autism and experience of young children's typical developmental trajectories, as well as the opinions of children's grandparents and preschool teachers, affected symptom recognition and help seeking. There were differences in parents' explanatory models before and after ASD diagnosis. Initial interpretations of the disorder included medical conditions and reaction to environmental influences, while genetic, supernatural/religious factors, and vaccinations were mentioned as definite causes after obtaining a clinical diagnosis. Parents also held multiple explanatory models, influenced by the views of family members and information obtained from media or from health care professionals. Parents' treatment decisions included use of available state-funded support services, and complementary and alternative treatments. The results demonstrate the utility of the CFI's Explanatory Model supplementary module in autism research. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.
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subjects Autism
Behavior
Biology and Life Sciences
Children
Children & youth
Chronic illnesses
Content analysis
cultural formulation
Decisions
Demographic aspects
Diagnosis
Etiology
Families & family life
Health care
Health literacy
Health services
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicine and Health Sciences
Modules
parental explanatory models
Parents
Parents & parenting
Patients
Pediatric research
People and Places
Pervasive developmental disorders
Professionals
Prototypes
Qualitative analysis
Recognition
Social aspects
Social Sciences
Special Education
specialpedagogik
Supervision
Support services
Surveys
Sweden
title Culturally diverse families of young children with ASD in Sweden: Parental explanatory models
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