Child defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea
Child open defecation is common in low-income countries and can lead to fecal exposure in the domestic environment. We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination and child diarrhea among households with children
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2020-07, Vol.15 (7), p.e0236163 |
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| creator | Islam, Mahfuza Rahman, Mahbubur Unicomb, Leanne Kafi, Mohammad Abdullah Heel Rahman, Mostafizur Alam, Mahfuja Sen, Debashis Islam, Sharmin Pickering, Amy J Hubbard, Alan E Luby, Stephen P Arnold, Benjamin F Colford, Jr, John M Ercumen, Ayse |
| description | Child open defecation is common in low-income countries and can lead to fecal exposure in the domestic environment. We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination and child diarrhea among households with children |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0236163 |
| format | Article |
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We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination and child diarrhea among households with children <5 years in rural Bangladesh. We visited 360 households quarterly and recorded caregiver-reported diarrhea prevalence, and defecation and feces disposal practices for children <5 years. We examined caregiver and child hands for visible dirt and enumerated E. coli in child and caregiver hand rinse and stored drinking water samples. Safe child defecation (in latrine/potty) and safe feces disposal (in latrine) was reported by 21% and 23% of households, respectively. Controlling for potential confounders, households reporting unsafe child defecation had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.12, 1.04-1.20) and in stored water (PR = 1.12,1.03-1.21). Similarly, households reporting unsafe feces disposal had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (PR = 1.11, 1.02-1.21) and in stored water (PR = 1.10, 1.03-1.18). Effects on E. coli levels were similar. Children in households with unsafe defecation and feces disposal had higher diarrhea prevalence but the associations were not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that unsafe child feces management may present a source of fecal exposure for young children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236163</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32687513</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Bangladesh - epidemiology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Caregivers ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Childhood diarrhea ; Children ; Children & youth ; Clinical trials ; Contamination ; Defecation ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea - epidemiology ; Diarrhea - microbiology ; Drinking water ; Drinking Water - microbiology ; E coli ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Enrollments ; Environmental management ; Epidemiology ; Exposure ; Fecal coliforms ; Feces ; Feces - microbiology ; Female ; Hand Hygiene ; Hands ; Households ; Housing ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Intervention ; Latrines ; Male ; Management ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Pathogens ; People and Places ; Physiological aspects ; Pregnancy ; Questionnaires ; Reporting ; Rural areas ; Rural Population - statistics & numerical data ; Sanitation ; Seasons ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Studies ; Water analysis ; Water Pollution ; Water sampling ; Womens health</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-07, Vol.15 (7), p.e0236163</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Islam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Islam et al 2020 Islam et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7a6ae17fc1ee294cad8c36014dffdf2f7c12fa6d0abfb0d54319fa992d14f34e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7a6ae17fc1ee294cad8c36014dffdf2f7c12fa6d0abfb0d54319fa992d14f34e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3288-6956 ; 0000-0003-2810-9211</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7371197/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7371197/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32687513$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Joe, William</contributor><creatorcontrib>Islam, Mahfuza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Mahbubur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Unicomb, Leanne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kafi, Mohammad Abdullah Heel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Mostafizur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alam, Mahfuja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sen, Debashis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Islam, Sharmin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pickering, Amy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hubbard, Alan E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luby, Stephen P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arnold, Benjamin F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colford, Jr, John M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ercumen, Ayse</creatorcontrib><title>Child defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Child open defecation is common in low-income countries and can lead to fecal exposure in the domestic environment. We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination and child diarrhea among households with children <5 years in rural Bangladesh. We visited 360 households quarterly and recorded caregiver-reported diarrhea prevalence, and defecation and feces disposal practices for children <5 years. We examined caregiver and child hands for visible dirt and enumerated E. coli in child and caregiver hand rinse and stored drinking water samples. Safe child defecation (in latrine/potty) and safe feces disposal (in latrine) was reported by 21% and 23% of households, respectively. Controlling for potential confounders, households reporting unsafe child defecation had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.12, 1.04-1.20) and in stored water (PR = 1.12,1.03-1.21). Similarly, households reporting unsafe feces disposal had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (PR = 1.11, 1.02-1.21) and in stored water (PR = 1.10, 1.03-1.18). Effects on E. coli levels were similar. Children in households with unsafe defecation and feces disposal had higher diarrhea prevalence but the associations were not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that unsafe child feces management may present a source of fecal exposure for young children.</description><subject>Bangladesh - epidemiology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Childhood diarrhea</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Clinical trials</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Defecation</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Diarrhea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Diarrhea - microbiology</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Drinking Water - microbiology</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Enrollments</subject><subject>Environmental management</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Fecal coliforms</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hand Hygiene</subject><subject>Hands</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Latrines</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Reporting</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Rural Population - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Sanitation</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water Pollution</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Womens 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defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea</title><author>Islam, Mahfuza ; Rahman, Mahbubur ; Unicomb, Leanne ; Kafi, Mohammad Abdullah Heel ; Rahman, Mostafizur ; Alam, Mahfuja ; Sen, Debashis ; Islam, Sharmin ; Pickering, Amy J ; Hubbard, Alan E ; Luby, Stephen P ; Arnold, Benjamin F ; Colford, Jr, John M ; Ercumen, Ayse</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7a6ae17fc1ee294cad8c36014dffdf2f7c12fa6d0abfb0d54319fa992d14f34e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Bangladesh - epidemiology</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Caregivers</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Childhood diarrhea</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Clinical 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Mahbubur</au><au>Unicomb, Leanne</au><au>Kafi, Mohammad Abdullah Heel</au><au>Rahman, Mostafizur</au><au>Alam, Mahfuja</au><au>Sen, Debashis</au><au>Islam, Sharmin</au><au>Pickering, Amy J</au><au>Hubbard, Alan E</au><au>Luby, Stephen P</au><au>Arnold, Benjamin F</au><au>Colford, Jr, John M</au><au>Ercumen, Ayse</au><au>Joe, William</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Child defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-07-20</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0236163</spage><pages>e0236163-</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Child open defecation is common in low-income countries and can lead to fecal exposure in the domestic environment. We assessed associations between child feces management practices vs. measures of contamination and child diarrhea among households with children <5 years in rural Bangladesh. We visited 360 households quarterly and recorded caregiver-reported diarrhea prevalence, and defecation and feces disposal practices for children <5 years. We examined caregiver and child hands for visible dirt and enumerated E. coli in child and caregiver hand rinse and stored drinking water samples. Safe child defecation (in latrine/potty) and safe feces disposal (in latrine) was reported by 21% and 23% of households, respectively. Controlling for potential confounders, households reporting unsafe child defecation had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.12, 1.04-1.20) and in stored water (PR = 1.12,1.03-1.21). Similarly, households reporting unsafe feces disposal had higher E. coli prevalence on child hands (PR = 1.11, 1.02-1.21) and in stored water (PR = 1.10, 1.03-1.18). Effects on E. coli levels were similar. Children in households with unsafe defecation and feces disposal had higher diarrhea prevalence but the associations were not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that unsafe child feces management may present a source of fecal exposure for young children.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32687513</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0236163</doi><tpages>e0236163</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3288-6956</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-9211</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2425584242 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Bangladesh - epidemiology Biology and Life Sciences Caregivers Child Child, Preschool Childhood diarrhea Children Children & youth Clinical trials Contamination Defecation Diarrhea Diarrhea - epidemiology Diarrhea - microbiology Drinking water Drinking Water - microbiology E coli Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Enrollments Environmental management Epidemiology Exposure Fecal coliforms Feces Feces - microbiology Female Hand Hygiene Hands Households Housing Humans Infectious diseases Intervention Latrines Male Management Medicine and Health Sciences Pathogens People and Places Physiological aspects Pregnancy Questionnaires Reporting Rural areas Rural Population - statistics & numerical data Sanitation Seasons Statistical analysis Statistical methods Studies Water analysis Water Pollution Water sampling Womens health |
| title | Child defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-30T02%3A22%3A27IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Child%20defecation%20and%20feces%20management%20practices%20in%20rural%20Bangladesh:%20Associations%20with%20fecal%20contamination,%20observed%20hand%20cleanliness%20and%20child%20diarrhea&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Islam,%20Mahfuza&rft.date=2020-07-20&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=e0236163&rft.pages=e0236163-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0236163&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA630022863%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2425584242&rft_id=info:pmid/32687513&rft_galeid=A630022863&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_37a9aaf8436047889a086055b1cd8e7c&rfr_iscdi=true |