Surface runoff alters cave microbial community structure and function
Caves formed by sulfuric acid dissolution have been identified worldwide. These caves can host diverse microbial communities that are responsible for speleogenesis and speleothem formation. It is not well understood how microbial communities change in response to surface water entering caves. Illumi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2020-05, Vol.15 (5), p.e0232742 |
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| creator | Davis, Madison C Messina, Maria A Nicolosi, Giuseppe Petralia, Salvatore Baker, 4th, Melvin D Mayne, Christiana K S Dinon, Chelsea M Moss, Christina J Onac, Bogdan P Garey, James R |
| description | Caves formed by sulfuric acid dissolution have been identified worldwide. These caves can host diverse microbial communities that are responsible for speleogenesis and speleothem formation. It is not well understood how microbial communities change in response to surface water entering caves. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to determine the impact of surface water on the microbial community diversity and function within a spring pool found deep in the Monte Conca Cave system in Sicily, Italy. Sulfur oxidizers comprised more than 90% of the microbial community during the dry season and were replaced by potential anthropogenic contaminants such as Escherichia and Lysinibacillus species after heavy rains. One sampling date appeared to show a transition between the wet and dry seasons when potential anthropogenic contaminants (67.3%), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (13.6%), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (6.5%) were all present within the spring pool. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0232742 |
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These caves can host diverse microbial communities that are responsible for speleogenesis and speleothem formation. It is not well understood how microbial communities change in response to surface water entering caves. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to determine the impact of surface water on the microbial community diversity and function within a spring pool found deep in the Monte Conca Cave system in Sicily, Italy. Sulfur oxidizers comprised more than 90% of the microbial community during the dry season and were replaced by potential anthropogenic contaminants such as Escherichia and Lysinibacillus species after heavy rains. One sampling date appeared to show a transition between the wet and dry seasons when potential anthropogenic contaminants (67.3%), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (13.6%), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (6.5%) were all present within the spring pool.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232742</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32374788</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acid dissolution ; Anthropogenic factors ; Bacteria ; Biological research ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Carbon ; Caves ; Chemical properties ; Community structure ; Contaminants ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Dissolution ; DNA ; Dry season ; Earth Sciences ; Environmental aspects ; Genetic testing ; Heavy rainfall ; Human influences ; Methylene blue ; Microbial activity ; Microbial colonies ; Microbiomes ; Microorganisms ; Molecular biology ; Natural history ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nitrogen-fixing bacteria ; Nitrogenation ; Oxidation ; Oxidizing agents ; Physical Sciences ; Rainy season ; Research and Analysis Methods ; RNA ; rRNA 16S ; Runoff ; Seasons ; Speleology ; Structure (Literature) ; Structure-function relationships ; Sulfur ; Sulfur compounds ; Sulfuric acid ; Surface runoff ; Surface water ; Water ; Water resources ; Water wells</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-05, Vol.15 (5), p.e0232742</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Davis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Davis et al 2020 Davis et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-91d8302c2db0027d200664e52e48443e420696e19f4004e1e99d01a54c9c4c423</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-91d8302c2db0027d200664e52e48443e420696e19f4004e1e99d01a54c9c4c423</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8205-5563</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7202643/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7202643/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32374788$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Davis, Madison C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messina, Maria A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nicolosi, Giuseppe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petralia, Salvatore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baker, 4th, Melvin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mayne, Christiana K S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dinon, Chelsea M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moss, Christina J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onac, Bogdan P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garey, James R</creatorcontrib><title>Surface runoff alters cave microbial community structure and function</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Caves formed by sulfuric acid dissolution have been identified worldwide. These caves can host diverse microbial communities that are responsible for speleogenesis and speleothem formation. It is not well understood how microbial communities change in response to surface water entering caves. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to determine the impact of surface water on the microbial community diversity and function within a spring pool found deep in the Monte Conca Cave system in Sicily, Italy. Sulfur oxidizers comprised more than 90% of the microbial community during the dry season and were replaced by potential anthropogenic contaminants such as Escherichia and Lysinibacillus species after heavy rains. One sampling date appeared to show a transition between the wet and dry seasons when potential anthropogenic contaminants (67.3%), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (13.6%), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (6.5%) were all present within the spring pool.</description><subject>Acid dissolution</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biological research</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Caves</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Dissolution</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Dry season</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Genetic testing</subject><subject>Heavy rainfall</subject><subject>Human influences</subject><subject>Methylene blue</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microbial 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runoff alters cave microbial community structure and function</title><author>Davis, Madison C ; Messina, Maria A ; Nicolosi, Giuseppe ; Petralia, Salvatore ; Baker, 4th, Melvin D ; Mayne, Christiana K S ; Dinon, Chelsea M ; Moss, Christina J ; Onac, Bogdan P ; Garey, James R</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-91d8302c2db0027d200664e52e48443e420696e19f4004e1e99d01a54c9c4c423</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Acid dissolution</topic><topic>Anthropogenic factors</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Biological research</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Caves</topic><topic>Chemical properties</topic><topic>Community structure</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Dissolution</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>Dry season</topic><topic>Earth 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These caves can host diverse microbial communities that are responsible for speleogenesis and speleothem formation. It is not well understood how microbial communities change in response to surface water entering caves. Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to determine the impact of surface water on the microbial community diversity and function within a spring pool found deep in the Monte Conca Cave system in Sicily, Italy. Sulfur oxidizers comprised more than 90% of the microbial community during the dry season and were replaced by potential anthropogenic contaminants such as Escherichia and Lysinibacillus species after heavy rains. One sampling date appeared to show a transition between the wet and dry seasons when potential anthropogenic contaminants (67.3%), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (13.6%), and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (6.5%) were all present within the spring pool.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32374788</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0232742</doi><tpages>e0232742</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-5563</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Acid dissolution Anthropogenic factors Bacteria Biological research Biology and Life Sciences Carbon Caves Chemical properties Community structure Contaminants Deoxyribonucleic acid Dissolution DNA Dry season Earth Sciences Environmental aspects Genetic testing Heavy rainfall Human influences Methylene blue Microbial activity Microbial colonies Microbiomes Microorganisms Molecular biology Natural history Nitrogen fixation Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Nitrogenation Oxidation Oxidizing agents Physical Sciences Rainy season Research and Analysis Methods RNA rRNA 16S Runoff Seasons Speleology Structure (Literature) Structure-function relationships Sulfur Sulfur compounds Sulfuric acid Surface runoff Surface water Water Water resources Water wells |
| title | Surface runoff alters cave microbial community structure and function |
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