Isolation, identification, and biological control in vitro of tail rot pathogen strain from Hippocampus kuda
Tail rot disease is associated with major economic losses in the seahorse aquaculture in China. This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot diseas...
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| description | Tail rot disease is associated with major economic losses in the seahorse aquaculture in China. This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot disease. Strain HL11, HL12, and HL13 were identified as Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, Bacillus subtilis and Photobacterium ganghwense based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, through 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, respectively. Challenge experiments using these strains on healthy H. kuda and bacterial re-isolation from challenged diseased seahorses showed that the bacteria strain named HL11 induced identical pathological symptoms, indicating that it is the causative pathogen of the disease. Antibiotic-resistance tests against of 32 antibiotics revealed that HL11 was highly sensitive to 13 kinds, while exhibited intermediate susceptibility to 6, and resistance to 13 kinds. Antibacterial tests of the bioactive agents showed that HL11 was susceptible to five kinds, including tea polyphenols, lactic acid, gallic acid, allicin, and polylysine; however, it was not susceptible to the other 13 kinds of bioactive agents. The results demonstrate the potential of using bioactive agents to replace antibiotics to generate an environmentally friendly mode of culturing seahorses. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0232162 |
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This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot disease. Strain HL11, HL12, and HL13 were identified as Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, Bacillus subtilis and Photobacterium ganghwense based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, through 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, respectively. Challenge experiments using these strains on healthy H. kuda and bacterial re-isolation from challenged diseased seahorses showed that the bacteria strain named HL11 induced identical pathological symptoms, indicating that it is the causative pathogen of the disease. Antibiotic-resistance tests against of 32 antibiotics revealed that HL11 was highly sensitive to 13 kinds, while exhibited intermediate susceptibility to 6, and resistance to 13 kinds. Antibacterial tests of the bioactive agents showed that HL11 was susceptible to five kinds, including tea polyphenols, lactic acid, gallic acid, allicin, and polylysine; however, it was not susceptible to the other 13 kinds of bioactive agents. The results demonstrate the potential of using bioactive agents to replace antibiotics to generate an environmentally friendly mode of culturing seahorses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232162</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32330196</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Antibacterial agents ; Antibiotics ; Aquaculture ; Aquaculture industry ; Bacteria ; Biochemistry ; Biological activity ; Biological control ; Biological pest control ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Brain ; Chinese medicine ; Disease ; Disease resistance ; Diseases ; Economic impact ; Education ; Endangered & extinct species ; Epidemics ; Fin rot ; Fisheries ; Gallic acid ; Hippocampus kuda ; International economic relations ; Intestine ; Isolation ; Laboratories ; Lactic acid ; Marine conservation ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microbial drug resistance ; Morphology ; Mortality ; Pathogens ; Phenols (Class of compounds) ; Physical characteristics ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Polylysine ; Polyphenols ; RNA ; rRNA 16S ; Salinity ; Seawater ; Signs and symptoms ; Strains (organisms) ; Tails ; Tea</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-04, Vol.15 (4), p.e0232162-e0232162</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Jiang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot disease. Strain HL11, HL12, and HL13 were identified as Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, Bacillus subtilis and Photobacterium ganghwense based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, through 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, respectively. Challenge experiments using these strains on healthy H. kuda and bacterial re-isolation from challenged diseased seahorses showed that the bacteria strain named HL11 induced identical pathological symptoms, indicating that it is the causative pathogen of the disease. Antibiotic-resistance tests against of 32 antibiotics revealed that HL11 was highly sensitive to 13 kinds, while exhibited intermediate susceptibility to 6, and resistance to 13 kinds. Antibacterial tests of the bioactive agents showed that HL11 was susceptible to five kinds, including tea polyphenols, lactic acid, gallic acid, allicin, and polylysine; however, it was not susceptible to the other 13 kinds of bioactive agents. The results demonstrate the potential of using bioactive agents to replace antibiotics to generate an environmentally friendly mode of culturing seahorses.</description><subject>Antibacterial agents</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Aquaculture</subject><subject>Aquaculture industry</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>Biological control</subject><subject>Biological pest control</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Chinese medicine</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Disease resistance</subject><subject>Diseases</subject><subject>Economic impact</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Endangered & extinct species</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Fin rot</subject><subject>Fisheries</subject><subject>Gallic acid</subject><subject>Hippocampus kuda</subject><subject>International economic 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Ning</au><au>Feng, Huimin</au><au>Li, Yu</au><au>Han, Bingbing</au><au>Gupta, Vijai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Isolation, identification, and biological control in vitro of tail rot pathogen strain from Hippocampus kuda</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-04-24</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0232162</spage><epage>e0232162</epage><pages>e0232162-e0232162</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Tail rot disease is associated with major economic losses in the seahorse aquaculture in China. This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot disease. Strain HL11, HL12, and HL13 were identified as Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, Bacillus subtilis and Photobacterium ganghwense based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, through 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, respectively. Challenge experiments using these strains on healthy H. kuda and bacterial re-isolation from challenged diseased seahorses showed that the bacteria strain named HL11 induced identical pathological symptoms, indicating that it is the causative pathogen of the disease. Antibiotic-resistance tests against of 32 antibiotics revealed that HL11 was highly sensitive to 13 kinds, while exhibited intermediate susceptibility to 6, and resistance to 13 kinds. Antibacterial tests of the bioactive agents showed that HL11 was susceptible to five kinds, including tea polyphenols, lactic acid, gallic acid, allicin, and polylysine; however, it was not susceptible to the other 13 kinds of bioactive agents. The results demonstrate the potential of using bioactive agents to replace antibiotics to generate an environmentally friendly mode of culturing seahorses.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32330196</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0232162</doi><tpages>e0232162</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3314-7220</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Antibacterial agents Antibiotics Aquaculture Aquaculture industry Bacteria Biochemistry Biological activity Biological control Biological pest control Biology and Life Sciences Brain Chinese medicine Disease Disease resistance Diseases Economic impact Education Endangered & extinct species Epidemics Fin rot Fisheries Gallic acid Hippocampus kuda International economic relations Intestine Isolation Laboratories Lactic acid Marine conservation Medicine and Health Sciences Microbial drug resistance Morphology Mortality Pathogens Phenols (Class of compounds) Physical characteristics Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Polylysine Polyphenols RNA rRNA 16S Salinity Seawater Signs and symptoms Strains (organisms) Tails Tea |
| title | Isolation, identification, and biological control in vitro of tail rot pathogen strain from Hippocampus kuda |
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