Comparative genomics of chemosensory protein genes (CSPs) in twenty-two mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae): Identification, characterization, and evolution
Chemosensory proteins (CSP) are soluble carrier proteins that may function in odorant reception in insects. CSPs have not been thoroughly studied at whole-genome level, despite the availability of insect genomes. Here, we identified/reidentified 283 CSP genes in the genomes of 22 mosquitoes. All 283...
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| description | Chemosensory proteins (CSP) are soluble carrier proteins that may function in odorant reception in insects. CSPs have not been thoroughly studied at whole-genome level, despite the availability of insect genomes. Here, we identified/reidentified 283 CSP genes in the genomes of 22 mosquitoes. All 283 CSP genes possess a highly conserved OS-D domain. We comprehensively analyzed these CSP genes and determined their conserved domains, structure, genomic distribution, phylogeny, and evolutionary patterns. We found an average of seven CSP genes in each of 19 Anopheles genomes, 27 CSP genes in Cx. quinquefasciatus, 43 in Ae. aegypti, and 83 in Ae. albopictus. The Anopheles CSP genes had a simple genomic organization with a relatively consistent gene distribution, while most of the Culicinae CSP genes were distributed in clusters on the scaffolds. Our phylogenetic analysis clustered the CSPs into two major groups: CSP1-8 and CSE1-3. The CSP1-8 groups were all monophyletic with good bootstrap support. The CSE1-3 groups were an expansion of the CSP family of genes specific to the three Culicinae species. The Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the CSP genes had been subject to purifying selection with relatively slow evolution. Our results provide a comprehensive framework for the study of the CSP gene family in these 22 mosquito species, laying a foundation for future work on CSP function in the detection of chemical cues in the surrounding environment. |
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CSPs have not been thoroughly studied at whole-genome level, despite the availability of insect genomes. Here, we identified/reidentified 283 CSP genes in the genomes of 22 mosquitoes. All 283 CSP genes possess a highly conserved OS-D domain. We comprehensively analyzed these CSP genes and determined their conserved domains, structure, genomic distribution, phylogeny, and evolutionary patterns. We found an average of seven CSP genes in each of 19 Anopheles genomes, 27 CSP genes in Cx. quinquefasciatus, 43 in Ae. aegypti, and 83 in Ae. albopictus. The Anopheles CSP genes had a simple genomic organization with a relatively consistent gene distribution, while most of the Culicinae CSP genes were distributed in clusters on the scaffolds. Our phylogenetic analysis clustered the CSPs into two major groups: CSP1-8 and CSE1-3. The CSP1-8 groups were all monophyletic with good bootstrap support. The CSE1-3 groups were an expansion of the CSP family of genes specific to the three Culicinae species. The Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the CSP genes had been subject to purifying selection with relatively slow evolution. Our results provide a comprehensive framework for the study of the CSP gene family in these 22 mosquito species, laying a foundation for future work on CSP function in the detection of chemical cues in the surrounding environment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190412</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29304168</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aedes aegypti ; Aedes albopictus ; Animals ; Anopheles ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Chemical bonds ; Chemical stimuli ; Chemoreception ; Computer and Information Sciences ; CSP gene ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Culicidae ; Culicidae - classification ; Culicidae - genetics ; Culicinae ; Domains ; Entomology ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Evolutionary genetics ; Gene distribution ; Genes ; Genome, Insect ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Insects ; Laboratories ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Molecular biology ; Mosquitoes ; Pheromones ; Phylogeny ; Physical Sciences ; Proteins ; Receptors, Odorant - genetics ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Signal transduction ; Species</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-01, Vol.13 (1), p.e0190412-e0190412</ispartof><rights>2018 Mei et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 Mei et al 2018 Mei et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-d045190ab3763af4230393320936eb889f74f2c7c9908bb6b72639de9d4db7943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-d045190ab3763af4230393320936eb889f74f2c7c9908bb6b72639de9d4db7943</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5227-7736</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5755795/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5755795/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2100,2926,23865,27923,27924,53790,53792,79371,79372</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29304168$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Hull, J Joe</contributor><creatorcontrib>Mei, Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Wen-Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Zheng-Bo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Bin</creatorcontrib><title>Comparative genomics of chemosensory protein genes (CSPs) in twenty-two mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae): Identification, characterization, and evolution</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Chemosensory proteins (CSP) are soluble carrier proteins that may function in odorant reception in insects. CSPs have not been thoroughly studied at whole-genome level, despite the availability of insect genomes. Here, we identified/reidentified 283 CSP genes in the genomes of 22 mosquitoes. All 283 CSP genes possess a highly conserved OS-D domain. We comprehensively analyzed these CSP genes and determined their conserved domains, structure, genomic distribution, phylogeny, and evolutionary patterns. We found an average of seven CSP genes in each of 19 Anopheles genomes, 27 CSP genes in Cx. quinquefasciatus, 43 in Ae. aegypti, and 83 in Ae. albopictus. The Anopheles CSP genes had a simple genomic organization with a relatively consistent gene distribution, while most of the Culicinae CSP genes were distributed in clusters on the scaffolds. Our phylogenetic analysis clustered the CSPs into two major groups: CSP1-8 and CSE1-3. The CSP1-8 groups were all monophyletic with good bootstrap support. The CSE1-3 groups were an expansion of the CSP family of genes specific to the three Culicinae species. The Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the CSP genes had been subject to purifying selection with relatively slow evolution. Our results provide a comprehensive framework for the study of the CSP gene family in these 22 mosquito species, laying a foundation for future work on CSP function in the detection of chemical cues in the surrounding environment.</description><subject>Aedes aegypti</subject><subject>Aedes albopictus</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Chemical bonds</subject><subject>Chemical stimuli</subject><subject>Chemoreception</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>CSP gene</subject><subject>Culex quinquefasciatus</subject><subject>Culicidae</subject><subject>Culicidae - classification</subject><subject>Culicidae - genetics</subject><subject>Culicinae</subject><subject>Domains</subject><subject>Entomology</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Evolutionary genetics</subject><subject>Gene distribution</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genome, Insect</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>Genomics</subject><subject>Insects</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Molecular biology</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Pheromones</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Receptors, Odorant - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mei, Ting</au><au>Fu, Wen-Bo</au><au>Li, Bo</au><au>He, Zheng-Bo</au><au>Chen, Bin</au><au>Hull, J Joe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative genomics of chemosensory protein genes (CSPs) in twenty-two mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae): Identification, characterization, and evolution</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0190412</spage><epage>e0190412</epage><pages>e0190412-e0190412</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Chemosensory proteins (CSP) are soluble carrier proteins that may function in odorant reception in insects. CSPs have not been thoroughly studied at whole-genome level, despite the availability of insect genomes. Here, we identified/reidentified 283 CSP genes in the genomes of 22 mosquitoes. All 283 CSP genes possess a highly conserved OS-D domain. We comprehensively analyzed these CSP genes and determined their conserved domains, structure, genomic distribution, phylogeny, and evolutionary patterns. We found an average of seven CSP genes in each of 19 Anopheles genomes, 27 CSP genes in Cx. quinquefasciatus, 43 in Ae. aegypti, and 83 in Ae. albopictus. The Anopheles CSP genes had a simple genomic organization with a relatively consistent gene distribution, while most of the Culicinae CSP genes were distributed in clusters on the scaffolds. Our phylogenetic analysis clustered the CSPs into two major groups: CSP1-8 and CSE1-3. The CSP1-8 groups were all monophyletic with good bootstrap support. The CSE1-3 groups were an expansion of the CSP family of genes specific to the three Culicinae species. The Ka/Ks ratios indicated that the CSP genes had been subject to purifying selection with relatively slow evolution. Our results provide a comprehensive framework for the study of the CSP gene family in these 22 mosquito species, laying a foundation for future work on CSP function in the detection of chemical cues in the surrounding environment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29304168</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0190412</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5227-7736</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Animals Anopheles Biology and Life Sciences Chemical bonds Chemical stimuli Chemoreception Computer and Information Sciences CSP gene Culex quinquefasciatus Culicidae Culicidae - classification Culicidae - genetics Culicinae Domains Entomology Evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary genetics Gene distribution Genes Genome, Insect Genomes Genomics Insects Laboratories Medicine and Health Sciences Molecular biology Mosquitoes Pheromones Phylogeny Physical Sciences Proteins Receptors, Odorant - genetics Research and Analysis Methods Signal transduction Species |
| title | Comparative genomics of chemosensory protein genes (CSPs) in twenty-two mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae): Identification, characterization, and evolution |
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