Effects of supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage on population dynamics, grain yield, and water-use efficiency of two different spike-type wheat cultivars
To solve the problems of yield reduction and low water-use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by winter and spring drought, a 2-year field experiment (2017-2019) was performed under movable shelter conditions with the large- and multispike cultivars Shannong 23 and 29, re...
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| creator | Shang, Yunqiu Lin, Xiang Li, Ping Gu, Shubo Lei, Keyi Wang, Sen Hu, Xinhui Zhao, Panpan Wang, Dong |
| description | To solve the problems of yield reduction and low water-use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by winter and spring drought, a 2-year field experiment (2017-2019) was performed under movable shelter conditions with the large- and multispike cultivars Shannong 23 and 29, respectively, to explore the optimal supplemental irrigation regime. Three wetting layers were used for irrigation at the jointing stage: 0-10 cm (T2), 0-20 cm (T3) and 0-30 cm (T4). No irrigation at the jointing stage (T1) served as the control. Within a given cultivar, the soil water content in the 0-80 cm soil layers increased after irrigation, and the rate of tiller mortality decreased with increasing depth of the wetting layer used for irrigation at jointing. No significant differences were found between the T3 and T4 treatments in the photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the apical leaf of the main stem (O), the first primary tiller (I) and the fourth tiller (IV) after jointing. However, compared with the T3 treatment, the T4 treatment had a significantly higher transpiration rate (Tr) and lower instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEleaf) of the apical leaf of the O and tillers I and IV. This eventually led to a decreasing WUE, although there was no significant change in the spike number or grain yield. These results indicated that moderate irrigation at jointing can effectively reduce the tiller mortality, improve the leaf Pn of the tillers, and increase the spike number and grain yield. However, excessive irrigation can significantly increase the leaf Tr of the tillers, lead to inefficient water consumption and significantly reduce the WUEleaf of the tillers and the WUE. Irrigation at the jointing stage brought the soil water content in the 0-20 cm profile to 100% of field capacity, making it the most suitable supplemental irrigation regime for both the large- and multispike cultivars in the North China Plain. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0230484 |
| format | Article |
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Three wetting layers were used for irrigation at the jointing stage: 0-10 cm (T2), 0-20 cm (T3) and 0-30 cm (T4). No irrigation at the jointing stage (T1) served as the control. Within a given cultivar, the soil water content in the 0-80 cm soil layers increased after irrigation, and the rate of tiller mortality decreased with increasing depth of the wetting layer used for irrigation at jointing. No significant differences were found between the T3 and T4 treatments in the photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the apical leaf of the main stem (O), the first primary tiller (I) and the fourth tiller (IV) after jointing. However, compared with the T3 treatment, the T4 treatment had a significantly higher transpiration rate (Tr) and lower instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEleaf) of the apical leaf of the O and tillers I and IV. This eventually led to a decreasing WUE, although there was no significant change in the spike number or grain yield. These results indicated that moderate irrigation at jointing can effectively reduce the tiller mortality, improve the leaf Pn of the tillers, and increase the spike number and grain yield. However, excessive irrigation can significantly increase the leaf Tr of the tillers, lead to inefficient water consumption and significantly reduce the WUEleaf of the tillers and the WUE. Irrigation at the jointing stage brought the soil water content in the 0-20 cm profile to 100% of field capacity, making it the most suitable supplemental irrigation regime for both the large- and multispike cultivars in the North China Plain.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230484</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32255780</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Agriculture ; Agronomy ; Analysis ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Crop yield ; Crop yields ; Cultivars ; Drought ; Earth Sciences ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Efficiency ; Farming ; Field capacity ; Grain ; Groundwater ; Irrigation ; Jointing ; Laboratories ; Leaves ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Moisture content ; Mortality ; Photosynthesis ; Population biology ; Population dynamics ; Precipitation ; Rain ; Soil layers ; Soil moisture ; Soil water ; Soils ; Spikes ; Supplemental irrigation ; Tillers ; Transpiration ; Triticum aestivum ; Water ; Water consumption ; Water content ; Water shortages ; Water supply ; Water use ; Wetting ; Wheat ; Winter ; Winter wheat</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-04, Vol.15 (4), p.e0230484-e0230484</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Shang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2020 Shang et al 2020 Shang et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-e5a31593f418fa9624562fea814f7b425fc801d732c6fee98ead3ff9a06769353</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-e5a31593f418fa9624562fea814f7b425fc801d732c6fee98ead3ff9a06769353</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-8968-141X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7138302/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7138302/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32255780$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Zhang, Aimin</contributor><creatorcontrib>Shang, Yunqiu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gu, Shubo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lei, Keyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Sen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Xinhui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Panpan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Dong</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage on population dynamics, grain yield, and water-use efficiency of two different spike-type wheat cultivars</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To solve the problems of yield reduction and low water-use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by winter and spring drought, a 2-year field experiment (2017-2019) was performed under movable shelter conditions with the large- and multispike cultivars Shannong 23 and 29, respectively, to explore the optimal supplemental irrigation regime. Three wetting layers were used for irrigation at the jointing stage: 0-10 cm (T2), 0-20 cm (T3) and 0-30 cm (T4). No irrigation at the jointing stage (T1) served as the control. Within a given cultivar, the soil water content in the 0-80 cm soil layers increased after irrigation, and the rate of tiller mortality decreased with increasing depth of the wetting layer used for irrigation at jointing. No significant differences were found between the T3 and T4 treatments in the photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the apical leaf of the main stem (O), the first primary tiller (I) and the fourth tiller (IV) after jointing. However, compared with the T3 treatment, the T4 treatment had a significantly higher transpiration rate (Tr) and lower instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEleaf) of the apical leaf of the O and tillers I and IV. This eventually led to a decreasing WUE, although there was no significant change in the spike number or grain yield. These results indicated that moderate irrigation at jointing can effectively reduce the tiller mortality, improve the leaf Pn of the tillers, and increase the spike number and grain yield. However, excessive irrigation can significantly increase the leaf Tr of the tillers, lead to inefficient water consumption and significantly reduce the WUEleaf of the tillers and the WUE. Irrigation at the jointing stage brought the soil water content in the 0-20 cm profile to 100% of field capacity, making it the most suitable supplemental irrigation regime for both the large- and multispike cultivars in the North China Plain.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crop yields</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Drought</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Efficiency</subject><subject>Farming</subject><subject>Field capacity</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Irrigation</subject><subject>Jointing</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Population biology</subject><subject>Population dynamics</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>Soil layers</subject><subject>Soil moisture</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Spikes</subject><subject>Supplemental irrigation</subject><subject>Tillers</subject><subject>Transpiration</subject><subject>Triticum aestivum</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water consumption</subject><subject>Water content</subject><subject>Water shortages</subject><subject>Water supply</subject><subject>Water use</subject><subject>Wetting</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><subject>Winter</subject><subject>Winter 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Ping</au><au>Gu, Shubo</au><au>Lei, Keyi</au><au>Wang, Sen</au><au>Hu, Xinhui</au><au>Zhao, Panpan</au><au>Wang, Dong</au><au>Zhang, Aimin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage on population dynamics, grain yield, and water-use efficiency of two different spike-type wheat cultivars</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-04-07</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0230484</spage><epage>e0230484</epage><pages>e0230484-e0230484</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>To solve the problems of yield reduction and low water-use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by winter and spring drought, a 2-year field experiment (2017-2019) was performed under movable shelter conditions with the large- and multispike cultivars Shannong 23 and 29, respectively, to explore the optimal supplemental irrigation regime. Three wetting layers were used for irrigation at the jointing stage: 0-10 cm (T2), 0-20 cm (T3) and 0-30 cm (T4). No irrigation at the jointing stage (T1) served as the control. Within a given cultivar, the soil water content in the 0-80 cm soil layers increased after irrigation, and the rate of tiller mortality decreased with increasing depth of the wetting layer used for irrigation at jointing. No significant differences were found between the T3 and T4 treatments in the photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the apical leaf of the main stem (O), the first primary tiller (I) and the fourth tiller (IV) after jointing. However, compared with the T3 treatment, the T4 treatment had a significantly higher transpiration rate (Tr) and lower instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUEleaf) of the apical leaf of the O and tillers I and IV. This eventually led to a decreasing WUE, although there was no significant change in the spike number or grain yield. These results indicated that moderate irrigation at jointing can effectively reduce the tiller mortality, improve the leaf Pn of the tillers, and increase the spike number and grain yield. However, excessive irrigation can significantly increase the leaf Tr of the tillers, lead to inefficient water consumption and significantly reduce the WUEleaf of the tillers and the WUE. Irrigation at the jointing stage brought the soil water content in the 0-20 cm profile to 100% of field capacity, making it the most suitable supplemental irrigation regime for both the large- and multispike cultivars in the North China Plain.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32255780</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0230484</doi><tpages>e0230484</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-141X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Agricultural production Agriculture Agronomy Analysis Biology Biology and Life Sciences Crop yield Crop yields Cultivars Drought Earth Sciences Ecology and Environmental Sciences Efficiency Farming Field capacity Grain Groundwater Irrigation Jointing Laboratories Leaves Medicine and Health Sciences Moisture content Mortality Photosynthesis Population biology Population dynamics Precipitation Rain Soil layers Soil moisture Soil water Soils Spikes Supplemental irrigation Tillers Transpiration Triticum aestivum Water Water consumption Water content Water shortages Water supply Water use Wetting Wheat Winter Winter wheat |
| title | Effects of supplemental irrigation at the jointing stage on population dynamics, grain yield, and water-use efficiency of two different spike-type wheat cultivars |
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