HIV protease cleaves the antiviral m6A reader protein YTHDF3 in the viral particle

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant HIV RNA modification but the interplay between the m6A reader protein YTHDF3 and HIV replication is not well understood. We found that knockout of YTHDF3 in human CD4+ T-cells increases infection supporting the role of YTHDF3 as a restriction factor. Ove...

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Veröffentlicht in:PLoS pathogens 2020-02, Vol.16 (2), p.e1008305-e1008305
Hauptverfasser: Jurczyszak, Denise, Zhang, Wen, Terry, Sandra N, Kehrer, Thomas, Bermúdez González, Maria C, McGregor, Emma, Mulder, Lubbertus C F, Eckwahl, Matthew J, Pan, Tao, Simon, Viviana
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container_title PLoS pathogens
container_volume 16
creator Jurczyszak, Denise
Zhang, Wen
Terry, Sandra N
Kehrer, Thomas
Bermúdez González, Maria C
McGregor, Emma
Mulder, Lubbertus C F
Eckwahl, Matthew J
Pan, Tao
Simon, Viviana
description N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant HIV RNA modification but the interplay between the m6A reader protein YTHDF3 and HIV replication is not well understood. We found that knockout of YTHDF3 in human CD4+ T-cells increases infection supporting the role of YTHDF3 as a restriction factor. Overexpression of the YTHDF3 protein in the producer cells reduces the infectivity of the newly produced viruses. YTHDF3 proteins are incorporated into HIV particles in a nucleocapsid-dependent manner permitting the m6A reader protein to limit infection in the new target cell at the step of reverse transcription. Importantly, HIV protease cleaves the virion-incorporated full-length YTHDF3 protein, a process which is blocked by HIV protease inhibitors used to treat HIV infected patients. Mass-spectrometry confirmed the proteolytic processing of YTHDF3 in the virion. Thus, HIV protease cleaves the virion-encapsidated host m6A effector protein in addition to the viral polyproteins to ensure optimal infectivity of the mature virion.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008305
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subjects Adenosine - analogs & derivatives
Adenosine - genetics
Adenosine - metabolism
Antiviral Agents - metabolism
Biochemistry
Biology and Life Sciences
CD4 antigen
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology
CRISPR
Experiments
Funding
HEK293 Cells
HIV
HIV Infections - virology
HIV Protease - metabolism
HIV Protease - physiology
HIV-1 - genetics
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infections
Infectivity
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Molecular biology
N6-methyladenosine
Nucleocapsids
Pathogens
Polyproteins
Primary Cell Culture
Producer cells
Protease
Protease inhibitors
Proteinase inhibitors
Proteins
Proteolysis
Research and analysis methods
Reverse transcription
RNA modification
RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Spectrometry
Supervision
Virion - metabolism
Virions
Viruses
West Nile virus
title HIV protease cleaves the antiviral m6A reader protein YTHDF3 in the viral particle
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