Deconstructing eye contact perception: Measuring perceptual precision and self-referential tendency using an online psychophysical eye contact detection task
Eye contact perception-the ability to accurately and efficiently discriminate others' gaze directions-is critical to understanding others and functioning in a complex social world. Previous research shows that it is affected in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by social dysfuncti...
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| creator | Lasagna, Carly A McLaughlin, Merranda M Deng, Wisteria Y Whiting, Erica L Tso, Ivy F |
| description | Eye contact perception-the ability to accurately and efficiently discriminate others' gaze directions-is critical to understanding others and functioning in a complex social world. Previous research shows that it is affected in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by social dysfunction, and understanding the cognitive processes giving rise to eye contact perception would help advance mechanistic investigations of psychopathology. This study aims to validate an online, psychophysical eye contact detection task through which two constituent cognitive components of eye contact perception (perceptual precision and self-referential tendency) can be derived. Data collected from a large online sample showed excellent test-retest reliability for self-referential tendency and moderate reliability for perceptual precision. Convergence validity was supported by correlations with social cognitive measures tapping into different aspects of understanding others. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that perceptual precision and self-referential tendency explained unique variance in social cognition, suggesting that they measure unique aspects of related constructs. Overall, this study provided support for the reliability and validity of the eye contact perception metrics derived using the online Eye Contact Detection Task. The value of the task for future psychopathology research was discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0230258 |
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Previous research shows that it is affected in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by social dysfunction, and understanding the cognitive processes giving rise to eye contact perception would help advance mechanistic investigations of psychopathology. This study aims to validate an online, psychophysical eye contact detection task through which two constituent cognitive components of eye contact perception (perceptual precision and self-referential tendency) can be derived. Data collected from a large online sample showed excellent test-retest reliability for self-referential tendency and moderate reliability for perceptual precision. Convergence validity was supported by correlations with social cognitive measures tapping into different aspects of understanding others. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that perceptual precision and self-referential tendency explained unique variance in social cognition, suggesting that they measure unique aspects of related constructs. Overall, this study provided support for the reliability and validity of the eye contact perception metrics derived using the online Eye Contact Detection Task. The value of the task for future psychopathology research was discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230258</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32168324</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Anxiety ; Autism ; Bias ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cognition ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Correlation analysis ; Eye contact ; Internet ; Measurement ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental disorders ; Nervous system diseases ; Perception ; Psychiatry ; Psychopathology ; Psychophysics ; Quantitative psychology ; Regression analysis ; Reliability ; Researchers ; Schizophrenia ; Sensory perception ; Social interactions ; Social Sciences ; Studies</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-03, Vol.15 (3), p.e0230258-e0230258</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Lasagna et al. 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self-referential tendency using an online psychophysical eye contact detection task</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-03-13</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e0230258</spage><epage>e0230258</epage><pages>e0230258-e0230258</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Eye contact perception-the ability to accurately and efficiently discriminate others' gaze directions-is critical to understanding others and functioning in a complex social world. Previous research shows that it is affected in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders accompanied by social dysfunction, and understanding the cognitive processes giving rise to eye contact perception would help advance mechanistic investigations of psychopathology. This study aims to validate an online, psychophysical eye contact detection task through which two constituent cognitive components of eye contact perception (perceptual precision and self-referential tendency) can be derived. Data collected from a large online sample showed excellent test-retest reliability for self-referential tendency and moderate reliability for perceptual precision. Convergence validity was supported by correlations with social cognitive measures tapping into different aspects of understanding others. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that perceptual precision and self-referential tendency explained unique variance in social cognition, suggesting that they measure unique aspects of related constructs. Overall, this study provided support for the reliability and validity of the eye contact perception metrics derived using the online Eye Contact Detection Task. The value of the task for future psychopathology research was discussed.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32168324</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0230258</doi><tpages>e0230258</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-4505</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-8623</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6563-7772</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0984-1186</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Anxiety Autism Bias Biology and Life Sciences Cognition Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Correlation analysis Eye contact Internet Measurement Medicine and Health Sciences Mental disorders Nervous system diseases Perception Psychiatry Psychopathology Psychophysics Quantitative psychology Regression analysis Reliability Researchers Schizophrenia Sensory perception Social interactions Social Sciences Studies |
| title | Deconstructing eye contact perception: Measuring perceptual precision and self-referential tendency using an online psychophysical eye contact detection task |
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