Short chain fatty acids produced by colonizing intestinal commensal bacterial interaction with expressed breast milk are anti-inflammatory in human immature enterocytes

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal emergency that affects ten percent of very low birth weight premature babies and costs society in both expense and heartache. It is probably caused by an inappropriate interaction of colonizing bacteria with an immature intestine. A possibl...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2020-02, Vol.15 (2), p.e0229283
Hauptverfasser: Zheng, Nan, Gao, Yanan, Zhu, Weishu, Meng, Di, Walker, W Allan
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Gao, Yanan
Zhu, Weishu
Meng, Di
Walker, W Allan
description Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal emergency that affects ten percent of very low birth weight premature babies and costs society in both expense and heartache. It is probably caused by an inappropriate interaction of colonizing bacteria with an immature intestine. A possible preventative measure is to feed prematures their mother's expressed breast milk in conjunction with a probiotic. This synbiotic prevention reduces the severity and incidence of this condition. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of the synbiotic effect in human and mouse fetal intestine. Breast milk interacting with a NEC preventative probiotic such as Bifidobacterium infantis can produce increased levels of short chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate) (SCFAs). SCFAs are known to be anti-inflammatory in mature enterocytes and immunocytes. Very little is known about their role in immature intestine. When exposed to a human fetal cell line, fetal intestinal organoids and fetal mouse intestine, these SCFAs were anti-inflammatory. Their mechanism of anti-inflammation differed from those reported for mature cells by involving the G-protein coupled receptor (GPR 109A) and inhibiting histone deacetylase 4 and 5. These bacterial metabolites may help explain the synbiotic anti-inflammatory effect of breast milk and probiotics given to premature infants at risk for NEC.
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It is probably caused by an inappropriate interaction of colonizing bacteria with an immature intestine. A possible preventative measure is to feed prematures their mother's expressed breast milk in conjunction with a probiotic. This synbiotic prevention reduces the severity and incidence of this condition. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of the synbiotic effect in human and mouse fetal intestine. Breast milk interacting with a NEC preventative probiotic such as Bifidobacterium infantis can produce increased levels of short chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate) (SCFAs). SCFAs are known to be anti-inflammatory in mature enterocytes and immunocytes. Very little is known about their role in immature intestine. When exposed to a human fetal cell line, fetal intestinal organoids and fetal mouse intestine, these SCFAs were anti-inflammatory. Their mechanism of anti-inflammation differed from those reported for mature cells by involving the G-protein coupled receptor (GPR 109A) and inhibiting histone deacetylase 4 and 5. These bacterial metabolites may help explain the synbiotic anti-inflammatory effect of breast milk and probiotics given to premature infants at risk for NEC.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>32084202</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0229283</doi><tpages>e0229283</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0828-8224</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acetic acid
Animal sciences
Animals
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - metabolism
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Authorship
Babies
Bacteria
Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis - physiology
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Birth weight
Breast
Breast milk
Breastfeeding & lactation
Colon
Enterocolitis
Enterocytes
Enterocytes - cytology
Enterocytes - drug effects
Enterocytes - metabolism
Enzyme Induction - drug effects
Enzymes
Esters
Experiments
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Volatile - biosynthesis
Fatty Acids, Volatile - pharmacology
Fetus - microbiology
Fetuses
G protein-coupled receptors
Gastrointestinal diseases
Gene expression
Histone deacetylase
Histone Deacetylases - genetics
Humans
Immunology
Infants
Inflammation
Interleukin-1beta - metabolism
Interleukin-8 - metabolism
Intestine
Intestines - cytology
Intestines - microbiology
Kinases
Laboratories
Legal fees
Low birth weight
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mepenzolate
Metabolites
Mice
Milk
Milk, Human - microbiology
Mutagenesis, Insertional - drug effects
Necrosis
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Organoids
Organoids - drug effects
Organoids - metabolism
Pathogenesis
Physical Sciences
Premature infants
Probiotics
Propionic acid
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism
Research and Analysis Methods
Small intestine
Software industry
title Short chain fatty acids produced by colonizing intestinal commensal bacterial interaction with expressed breast milk are anti-inflammatory in human immature enterocytes
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