A multidisciplinary approach for investigating dietary and medicinal habits of the Medieval population of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries, Rome, Italy)
A multidisciplinary approach, combining stable isotope analysis from bone proteins and investigations on dental calculus using DNA analysis, light microscopy, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, was applied to reconstruct dietary and medicinal habits of the individuals recovered i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2020-01, Vol.15 (1), p.e0227433-e0227433 |
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| creator | Gismondi, Angelo Baldoni, Marica Gnes, Micaela Scorrano, Gabriele D'Agostino, Alessia Di Marco, Gabriele Calabria, Giulietta Petrucci, Michela Müldner, Gundula Von Tersch, Matthew Nardi, Alessandra Enei, Flavio Canini, Antonella Rickards, Olga Alexander, Michelle Martínez-Labarga, Cristina |
| description | A multidisciplinary approach, combining stable isotope analysis from bone proteins and investigations on dental calculus using DNA analysis, light microscopy, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, was applied to reconstruct dietary and medicinal habits of the individuals recovered in the cemetery of the Castle of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries CE; Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis was performed on 120 humans, 41 faunal specimens and 8 charred seeds. Dental calculus analyses were carried out on 94 samples. Overall, isotope data indicated an omnivorous diet based on C3-terrestrial protein, although some individuals possessed carbon values indicative of C4 plant consumption. In terms of animal protein, the diet was probably based on cattle, sheep, pig and chicken products, as witnessed by the archaeozoological findings. Evidence from calculus suggested the consumption of C3 cereals, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, milk and dairy products. Secondary metabolites of herbs and wine were also detected. The detection of marine fish ancient DNA, as well as of ω3 fatty acids in calculus, hypothesized the consumption of marine foodstuffs for this coastal population, despite the lack of a clear marine isotopic signal and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plant tissues. Moreover, the knowledge of ethnopharmacological tradition and the application of medicinal plants (e.g. Punica granatum L., Ephedra sp. L.) were also identified. The detection of artemisinin, known to have antimalarial properties, led to hypothesize the presence of malaria in the area. Altogether, the combined application of microscopy and biomolecular techniques provided an innovative reconstruction of Medieval lifeways in Central Italy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0227433 |
| format | Article |
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Stable isotope analysis was performed on 120 humans, 41 faunal specimens and 8 charred seeds. Dental calculus analyses were carried out on 94 samples. Overall, isotope data indicated an omnivorous diet based on C3-terrestrial protein, although some individuals possessed carbon values indicative of C4 plant consumption. In terms of animal protein, the diet was probably based on cattle, sheep, pig and chicken products, as witnessed by the archaeozoological findings. Evidence from calculus suggested the consumption of C3 cereals, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, milk and dairy products. Secondary metabolites of herbs and wine were also detected. The detection of marine fish ancient DNA, as well as of ω3 fatty acids in calculus, hypothesized the consumption of marine foodstuffs for this coastal population, despite the lack of a clear marine isotopic signal and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plant tissues. Moreover, the knowledge of ethnopharmacological tradition and the application of medicinal plants (e.g. Punica granatum L., Ephedra sp. L.) were also identified. The detection of artemisinin, known to have antimalarial properties, led to hypothesize the presence of malaria in the area. Altogether, the combined application of microscopy and biomolecular techniques provided an innovative reconstruction of Medieval lifeways in Central Italy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227433</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31990948</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animal protein ; Animals ; Archaeology ; Artemisinin ; Beef cattle ; Biology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bone and Bones - chemistry ; Bone and Bones - metabolism ; Cemeteries ; Cereals ; Chromatography ; Consumption ; Dairy products ; Dental calculi ; Dental calculus ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; Diet ; Diet - history ; DNA ; DNA, Ancient - analysis ; Earth Sciences ; Fatty acids ; Food consumption ; Food sources ; Gas chromatography ; Herbal medicine ; History, Medieval ; Human remains ; Humans ; Investigations ; Laboratories ; Legumes ; Light microscopy ; Malaria ; Marine fish ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicinal plants ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Medieval period ; Metabolites ; Microscopy ; Milk ; Omega 3 fatty acids ; Optical microscopy ; People and places ; Physical Sciences ; Plant metabolites ; Plant tissues ; Polyunsaturated fatty acids ; Population ; Poultry ; Proteins ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Rome ; Secondary metabolites ; Seeds ; Sheep ; Spectroscopy ; Stable isotopes ; Terrestrial environments ; Unsaturated fatty acids ; Vector-borne diseases ; Wine</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2020-01, Vol.15 (1), p.e0227433-e0227433</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2020 Gismondi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Stable isotope analysis was performed on 120 humans, 41 faunal specimens and 8 charred seeds. Dental calculus analyses were carried out on 94 samples. Overall, isotope data indicated an omnivorous diet based on C3-terrestrial protein, although some individuals possessed carbon values indicative of C4 plant consumption. In terms of animal protein, the diet was probably based on cattle, sheep, pig and chicken products, as witnessed by the archaeozoological findings. Evidence from calculus suggested the consumption of C3 cereals, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, milk and dairy products. Secondary metabolites of herbs and wine were also detected. The detection of marine fish ancient DNA, as well as of ω3 fatty acids in calculus, hypothesized the consumption of marine foodstuffs for this coastal population, despite the lack of a clear marine isotopic signal and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plant tissues. Moreover, the knowledge of ethnopharmacological tradition and the application of medicinal plants (e.g. Punica granatum L., Ephedra sp. L.) were also identified. The detection of artemisinin, known to have antimalarial properties, led to hypothesize the presence of malaria in the area. Altogether, the combined application of microscopy and biomolecular techniques provided an innovative reconstruction of Medieval lifeways in Central Italy.</description><subject>Animal protein</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Archaeology</subject><subject>Artemisinin</subject><subject>Beef cattle</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - chemistry</subject><subject>Bone and Bones - metabolism</subject><subject>Cemeteries</subject><subject>Cereals</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Dairy products</subject><subject>Dental calculi</subject><subject>Dental calculus</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Diet - history</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA, Ancient - analysis</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Food consumption</subject><subject>Food sources</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>History, Medieval</subject><subject>Human remains</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Legumes</subject><subject>Light microscopy</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Marine fish</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicinal plants</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Medieval period</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Milk</subject><subject>Omega 3 fatty acids</subject><subject>Optical microscopy</subject><subject>People and places</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Plant metabolites</subject><subject>Plant tissues</subject><subject>Polyunsaturated fatty acids</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Poultry</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Research and Analysis 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multidisciplinary approach for investigating dietary and medicinal habits of the Medieval population of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries, Rome, Italy)</title><author>Gismondi, Angelo ; Baldoni, Marica ; Gnes, Micaela ; Scorrano, Gabriele ; D'Agostino, Alessia ; Di Marco, Gabriele ; Calabria, Giulietta ; Petrucci, Michela ; Müldner, Gundula ; Von Tersch, Matthew ; Nardi, Alessandra ; Enei, Flavio ; Canini, Antonella ; Rickards, Olga ; Alexander, Michelle ; Martínez-Labarga, Cristina</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-43ca78a3955153571db358517b81cb67d93174abc483cb881150638ec7a983cf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Animal protein</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Archaeology</topic><topic>Artemisinin</topic><topic>Beef cattle</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Bone and Bones - 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Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gismondi, Angelo</au><au>Baldoni, Marica</au><au>Gnes, Micaela</au><au>Scorrano, Gabriele</au><au>D'Agostino, Alessia</au><au>Di Marco, Gabriele</au><au>Calabria, Giulietta</au><au>Petrucci, Michela</au><au>Müldner, Gundula</au><au>Von Tersch, Matthew</au><au>Nardi, Alessandra</au><au>Enei, Flavio</au><au>Canini, Antonella</au><au>Rickards, Olga</au><au>Alexander, Michelle</au><au>Martínez-Labarga, Cristina</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A multidisciplinary approach for investigating dietary and medicinal habits of the Medieval population of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries, Rome, Italy)</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2020-01-28</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0227433</spage><epage>e0227433</epage><pages>e0227433-e0227433</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>A multidisciplinary approach, combining stable isotope analysis from bone proteins and investigations on dental calculus using DNA analysis, light microscopy, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, was applied to reconstruct dietary and medicinal habits of the individuals recovered in the cemetery of the Castle of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries CE; Rome, Italy). Stable isotope analysis was performed on 120 humans, 41 faunal specimens and 8 charred seeds. Dental calculus analyses were carried out on 94 samples. Overall, isotope data indicated an omnivorous diet based on C3-terrestrial protein, although some individuals possessed carbon values indicative of C4 plant consumption. In terms of animal protein, the diet was probably based on cattle, sheep, pig and chicken products, as witnessed by the archaeozoological findings. Evidence from calculus suggested the consumption of C3 cereals, Fabaceae, Fagaceae, milk and dairy products. Secondary metabolites of herbs and wine were also detected. The detection of marine fish ancient DNA, as well as of ω3 fatty acids in calculus, hypothesized the consumption of marine foodstuffs for this coastal population, despite the lack of a clear marine isotopic signal and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plant tissues. Moreover, the knowledge of ethnopharmacological tradition and the application of medicinal plants (e.g. Punica granatum L., Ephedra sp. L.) were also identified. The detection of artemisinin, known to have antimalarial properties, led to hypothesize the presence of malaria in the area. Altogether, the combined application of microscopy and biomolecular techniques provided an innovative reconstruction of Medieval lifeways in Central Italy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>31990948</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0227433</doi><tpages>e0227433</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-3639</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-0379</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2020-01, Vol.15 (1), p.e0227433-e0227433 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2348103847 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Animal protein Animals Archaeology Artemisinin Beef cattle Biology Biology and Life Sciences Bone and Bones - chemistry Bone and Bones - metabolism Cemeteries Cereals Chromatography Consumption Dairy products Dental calculi Dental calculus Deoxyribonucleic acid Diet Diet - history DNA DNA, Ancient - analysis Earth Sciences Fatty acids Food consumption Food sources Gas chromatography Herbal medicine History, Medieval Human remains Humans Investigations Laboratories Legumes Light microscopy Malaria Marine fish Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medicinal plants Medicine and Health Sciences Medieval period Metabolites Microscopy Milk Omega 3 fatty acids Optical microscopy People and places Physical Sciences Plant metabolites Plant tissues Polyunsaturated fatty acids Population Poultry Proteins Research and Analysis Methods Rome Secondary metabolites Seeds Sheep Spectroscopy Stable isotopes Terrestrial environments Unsaturated fatty acids Vector-borne diseases Wine |
| title | A multidisciplinary approach for investigating dietary and medicinal habits of the Medieval population of Santa Severa (7th-15th centuries, Rome, Italy) |
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