Extracting spatial-temporal features that describe a team match demands when considering the effects of the quality of opposition in elite football
Spatiotemporal patterns of play can be extracted from competitive environments to design representative training tasks and underlying processes that sustain performance outcomes. To support this statement, the aims of this study were: (i) describe the collective behavioural patterns that relies upon...
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| description | Spatiotemporal patterns of play can be extracted from competitive environments to design representative training tasks and underlying processes that sustain performance outcomes. To support this statement, the aims of this study were: (i) describe the collective behavioural patterns that relies upon the use of player positioning in interaction with teammates, opponents and ball positioning; (ii) and define the underlying structure among the variables through application of a factorial analysis. The sample comprised a total of 1,413 ball possession sequences, obtained from twelve elite football matches from one team (the team ended the season in the top-5 position). The dynamic position of the players (from both competing teams), as well as the ball, were captured and transformed to two-dimensional coordinates. Data included the ball possession sequences from six matches played against top opponents (TOP, the three teams classified in the first 3 places at the end of the season) and six matches against bottom opponents (BOTTOM, the three teams classified in the last 3 at the end of the season). The variables calculated for each ball possession were the following: ball position; team space in possession; game space (comprising the outfield players of both teams); position and space at the end of ball possession. Statistical comparisons were carried with magnitude-based decisions and null-hypothesis analysis and factor analysis to define the underlying structure among variables according to the considered contexts. Results showed that playing against TOP opponents, there was ~38 meters game length per ~43 meters game width with 12% of coefficient of variation (%). Ball possessions lasted for ~28 seconds and tended to end at ~83m of pitch length. Against BOTTOM opponents, a decrease in the game length with an increase in game width and in the deepest location was observed in comparison with playing against TOP opponents. The duration of ball possession increased considerable (~37 seconds), and the ball speed entropy was higher, suggesting lower levels of regularity in comparison with TOP opponents. The BOTTOM teams revealed a small EPS. The Principal Component Analysis showed a strong association of the ball speed, entropy of the ball speed and the coefficient of variation (%) of the ball speed. The EPS of the team in possession was well correlated with the game space, especially the game width facing TOP opponents. Against BOTTOM opponents, there was a strong |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0221368 |
| format | Article |
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To support this statement, the aims of this study were: (i) describe the collective behavioural patterns that relies upon the use of player positioning in interaction with teammates, opponents and ball positioning; (ii) and define the underlying structure among the variables through application of a factorial analysis. The sample comprised a total of 1,413 ball possession sequences, obtained from twelve elite football matches from one team (the team ended the season in the top-5 position). The dynamic position of the players (from both competing teams), as well as the ball, were captured and transformed to two-dimensional coordinates. Data included the ball possession sequences from six matches played against top opponents (TOP, the three teams classified in the first 3 places at the end of the season) and six matches against bottom opponents (BOTTOM, the three teams classified in the last 3 at the end of the season). The variables calculated for each ball possession were the following: ball position; team space in possession; game space (comprising the outfield players of both teams); position and space at the end of ball possession. Statistical comparisons were carried with magnitude-based decisions and null-hypothesis analysis and factor analysis to define the underlying structure among variables according to the considered contexts. Results showed that playing against TOP opponents, there was ~38 meters game length per ~43 meters game width with 12% of coefficient of variation (%). Ball possessions lasted for ~28 seconds and tended to end at ~83m of pitch length. Against BOTTOM opponents, a decrease in the game length with an increase in game width and in the deepest location was observed in comparison with playing against TOP opponents. The duration of ball possession increased considerable (~37 seconds), and the ball speed entropy was higher, suggesting lower levels of regularity in comparison with TOP opponents. The BOTTOM teams revealed a small EPS. The Principal Component Analysis showed a strong association of the ball speed, entropy of the ball speed and the coefficient of variation (%) of the ball speed. The EPS of the team in possession was well correlated with the game space, especially the game width facing TOP opponents. Against BOTTOM opponents, there was a strong association of ball possession duration, game width, distance covered by the ball, and length/width ratio of the ball movement. The overall approach carried out in this study may serve as the starting point to elaborate normative models of positioning behaviours measures to support the coaches' operating decisions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221368</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31437220</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Athletic Performance - physiology ; Athletic Performance - psychology ; Athletic Performance - statistics & numerical data ; Behavior ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Coefficient of variation ; Collaboration ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Decision analysis ; Entropy ; Factor analysis ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Factorial analysis ; Feature extraction ; Football ; Games ; Health sciences ; Humans ; Male ; Measuring instruments ; Physical Sciences ; Physiology ; Principal components analysis ; Psychomotor Performance - physiology ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Seasons ; Soccer ; Soccer - physiology ; Soccer - psychology ; Soccer - statistics & numerical data ; Social Sciences ; Space Perception - physiology ; Team sports ; Temporal variations ; Time Perception - physiology ; Time series</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-08, Vol.14 (8), p.e0221368-e0221368</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Gonçalves et al. 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The variables calculated for each ball possession were the following: ball position; team space in possession; game space (comprising the outfield players of both teams); position and space at the end of ball possession. Statistical comparisons were carried with magnitude-based decisions and null-hypothesis analysis and factor analysis to define the underlying structure among variables according to the considered contexts. Results showed that playing against TOP opponents, there was ~38 meters game length per ~43 meters game width with 12% of coefficient of variation (%). Ball possessions lasted for ~28 seconds and tended to end at ~83m of pitch length. Against BOTTOM opponents, a decrease in the game length with an increase in game width and in the deepest location was observed in comparison with playing against TOP opponents. The duration of ball possession increased considerable (~37 seconds), and the ball speed entropy was higher, suggesting lower levels of regularity in comparison with TOP opponents. The BOTTOM teams revealed a small EPS. The Principal Component Analysis showed a strong association of the ball speed, entropy of the ball speed and the coefficient of variation (%) of the ball speed. The EPS of the team in possession was well correlated with the game space, especially the game width facing TOP opponents. Against BOTTOM opponents, there was a strong association of ball possession duration, game width, distance covered by the ball, and length/width ratio of the ball movement. The overall approach carried out in this study may serve as the starting point to elaborate normative models of positioning behaviours measures to support the coaches' operating decisions.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - physiology</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - psychology</subject><subject>Athletic Performance - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Coefficient of variation</subject><subject>Collaboration</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Decision analysis</subject><subject>Entropy</subject><subject>Factor analysis</subject><subject>Factor Analysis, Statistical</subject><subject>Factorial analysis</subject><subject>Feature extraction</subject><subject>Football</subject><subject>Games</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measuring instruments</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Principal components analysis</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance - 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To support this statement, the aims of this study were: (i) describe the collective behavioural patterns that relies upon the use of player positioning in interaction with teammates, opponents and ball positioning; (ii) and define the underlying structure among the variables through application of a factorial analysis. The sample comprised a total of 1,413 ball possession sequences, obtained from twelve elite football matches from one team (the team ended the season in the top-5 position). The dynamic position of the players (from both competing teams), as well as the ball, were captured and transformed to two-dimensional coordinates. Data included the ball possession sequences from six matches played against top opponents (TOP, the three teams classified in the first 3 places at the end of the season) and six matches against bottom opponents (BOTTOM, the three teams classified in the last 3 at the end of the season). The variables calculated for each ball possession were the following: ball position; team space in possession; game space (comprising the outfield players of both teams); position and space at the end of ball possession. Statistical comparisons were carried with magnitude-based decisions and null-hypothesis analysis and factor analysis to define the underlying structure among variables according to the considered contexts. Results showed that playing against TOP opponents, there was ~38 meters game length per ~43 meters game width with 12% of coefficient of variation (%). Ball possessions lasted for ~28 seconds and tended to end at ~83m of pitch length. Against BOTTOM opponents, a decrease in the game length with an increase in game width and in the deepest location was observed in comparison with playing against TOP opponents. The duration of ball possession increased considerable (~37 seconds), and the ball speed entropy was higher, suggesting lower levels of regularity in comparison with TOP opponents. The BOTTOM teams revealed a small EPS. The Principal Component Analysis showed a strong association of the ball speed, entropy of the ball speed and the coefficient of variation (%) of the ball speed. The EPS of the team in possession was well correlated with the game space, especially the game width facing TOP opponents. Against BOTTOM opponents, there was a strong association of ball possession duration, game width, distance covered by the ball, and length/width ratio of the ball movement. The overall approach carried out in this study may serve as the starting point to elaborate normative models of positioning behaviours measures to support the coaches' operating decisions.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>31437220</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0221368</doi><tpages>e0221368</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2335-9991</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-4104</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2278023429 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adult Athletic Performance - physiology Athletic Performance - psychology Athletic Performance - statistics & numerical data Behavior Biology and Life Sciences Coefficient of variation Collaboration Computer and Information Sciences Decision analysis Entropy Factor analysis Factor Analysis, Statistical Factorial analysis Feature extraction Football Games Health sciences Humans Male Measuring instruments Physical Sciences Physiology Principal components analysis Psychomotor Performance - physiology Research and Analysis Methods Seasons Soccer Soccer - physiology Soccer - psychology Soccer - statistics & numerical data Social Sciences Space Perception - physiology Team sports Temporal variations Time Perception - physiology Time series |
| title | Extracting spatial-temporal features that describe a team match demands when considering the effects of the quality of opposition in elite football |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-30T18%3A35%3A41IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Extracting%20spatial-temporal%20features%20that%20describe%20a%20team%20match%20demands%20when%20considering%20the%20effects%20of%20the%20quality%20of%20opposition%20in%20elite%20football&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Gon%C3%A7alves,%20Bruno&rft.date=2019-08-22&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0221368&rft.epage=e0221368&rft.pages=e0221368-e0221368&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0221368&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA597167833%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2278023429&rft_id=info:pmid/31437220&rft_galeid=A597167833&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_cdfe939497934f14ada700f82c6a5a00&rfr_iscdi=true |