A Z-score based method for comparing the relative sensitivity of behavioral and physiological metrics including cognitive performance, mood, and hormone levels
A method for assessing the relative sensitivity of research metrics is proposed and illustrated by comparing 18 outcome measures from a published study of the cognitive, mood, and hormonal effects of four different levels of stress induced by intense military training. Research on the human response...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2019-08, Vol.14 (8), p.e0220749-e0220749 |
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| creator | Caldwell, John A Niro, Philip J Farina, Emily K McClung, James P Caron, Gregory R Lieberman, Harris R |
| description | A method for assessing the relative sensitivity of research metrics is proposed and illustrated by comparing 18 outcome measures from a published study of the cognitive, mood, and hormonal effects of four different levels of stress induced by intense military training. Research on the human response to stress often assesses multiple disparate dependent measures. Selecting the most sensitive is difficult as formal methods to compare varied dependent measures have not been developed. The method first converts the outcome measures into standard scores (z-scores) and then compares them using analysis of variance to determine whether there are differences in how they assess the impact of graded levels of exposure to stress. The analysis detected various significant interactions in several measures and suggests self-report mood questionnaires were more sensitive to the stressors present in the study than the cognitive or hormonal measures which were used. These findings support the effectiveness of the z-score based method as a useful procedure for objectively evaluating the differential sensitivity of various metrics. This method could be useful for research on other independent variables when use of multiple assessment strategies is appropriate. It could be used for evaluating studies yielding conflicting results, such as those detecting effects on one parameter but not others. In such instances, cross-metric inconsistencies may be due to differential sensitivity of measurement strategies rather than actual differences in the effects of the independent-variable on the domains under investigation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0220749 |
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Research on the human response to stress often assesses multiple disparate dependent measures. Selecting the most sensitive is difficult as formal methods to compare varied dependent measures have not been developed. The method first converts the outcome measures into standard scores (z-scores) and then compares them using analysis of variance to determine whether there are differences in how they assess the impact of graded levels of exposure to stress. The analysis detected various significant interactions in several measures and suggests self-report mood questionnaires were more sensitive to the stressors present in the study than the cognitive or hormonal measures which were used. These findings support the effectiveness of the z-score based method as a useful procedure for objectively evaluating the differential sensitivity of various metrics. This method could be useful for research on other independent variables when use of multiple assessment strategies is appropriate. 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Research on the human response to stress often assesses multiple disparate dependent measures. Selecting the most sensitive is difficult as formal methods to compare varied dependent measures have not been developed. The method first converts the outcome measures into standard scores (z-scores) and then compares them using analysis of variance to determine whether there are differences in how they assess the impact of graded levels of exposure to stress. The analysis detected various significant interactions in several measures and suggests self-report mood questionnaires were more sensitive to the stressors present in the study than the cognitive or hormonal measures which were used. These findings support the effectiveness of the z-score based method as a useful procedure for objectively evaluating the differential sensitivity of various metrics. This method could be useful for research on other independent variables when use of multiple assessment strategies is appropriate. It could be used for evaluating studies yielding conflicting results, such as those detecting effects on one parameter but not others. In such instances, cross-metric inconsistencies may be due to differential sensitivity of measurement strategies rather than actual differences in the effects of the independent-variable on the domains under investigation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>31415596</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0220749</doi><tpages>e0220749</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-0156</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2019-08, Vol.14 (8), p.e0220749-e0220749 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Affect - physiology Armed forces Attention - physiology Benchmarking Biology and Life Sciences Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - analysis Cognition - physiology Cognitive ability Domains Endocrine tests Environmental health Female Heart rate Hormonal effects Hormones Human behavior Human performance Human response Humans Hydrocortisone - analysis Independent variables Male Medical laboratories Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Military personnel Military training Mood Neuropeptide Y - analysis Neuropeptides Nutrition Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Physiology Prisoners of war & missing in action Psychological aspects Psychological tests Psychometrics R&D Reaction Time - physiology Research & development Research and Analysis Methods Saliva - chemistry Self Report Sensitivity Sensitivity analysis Sleep Social Sciences Standard deviation Standard scores (Statistics) Stress Stress (Psychology) Stress, Psychological - psychology Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Testing Testosterone - analysis Variance analysis Vigilance (Psychology) Young Adult |
| title | A Z-score based method for comparing the relative sensitivity of behavioral and physiological metrics including cognitive performance, mood, and hormone levels |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-18T13%3A59%3A18IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20Z-score%20based%20method%20for%20comparing%20the%20relative%20sensitivity%20of%20behavioral%20and%20physiological%20metrics%20including%20cognitive%20performance,%20mood,%20and%20hormone%20levels&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Caldwell,%20John%20A&rft.date=2019-08-15&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0220749&rft.epage=e0220749&rft.pages=e0220749-e0220749&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0220749&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA596525758%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2273745977&rft_id=info:pmid/31415596&rft_galeid=A596525758&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_8d6f9bd77262448180b18ee054fcd027&rfr_iscdi=true |