Anterior subject positioning affects the maximal exerted isometric plantar flexion moment
We examined the effect of increased anterior subject positioning toward the dynamometer's footplate during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVCs) on the joint moment, rotation and rate of torque development (RTD). Fourteen subjects, with their hip flexed (110°) and knee fully extended...
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| description | We examined the effect of increased anterior subject positioning toward the dynamometer's footplate during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVCs) on the joint moment, rotation and rate of torque development (RTD). Fourteen subjects, with their hip flexed (110°) and knee fully extended (180°), underwent ramp maximal and rapid voluntary isometric plantar flexion contractions at 4 different positions (0, 3, 6 and 8 cm; randomized). At position "0 cm", the foot was in full contact with the footplate; at the additional positions, the chair was moved forward. Body kinematics (VICON) and kinetics (HUMAC Norm, PEDAR) were captured synchronously during MVCs and RTDs. The results showed that the maximal exerted joint moment was significantly (p32% from the 0-cm to 8-cm position (126 and 172 Nm, respectively); however, at the "6 cm" and "8 cm" positions, no significant difference was found. The joint rotation was significantly (p50% (from 15.5 to 7.1°; 0-8 cm). The maxRTD was only significantly higher at "6 cm" compared with the "0 cm" position. The time to reach maxRTD showed shorter tendencies for the "8 cm" position than for all other positions. The results indicate an underestimation of the plantar flexor maximal force potential with the current measuring technique. This could be critical in pre-post study designs where a 2-cm alteration in the chair position can induce an error of ~9% in the joint moment. The joint rotation could be reduced but not completely eliminated. For position standardization purposes, a pressure >220 kPa under the subject's foot is needed to achieve the maximal joint moment. We discussed the possible origins (fascicle length, neural drive) of the increased joint moment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0219840 |
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Fourteen subjects, with their hip flexed (110°) and knee fully extended (180°), underwent ramp maximal and rapid voluntary isometric plantar flexion contractions at 4 different positions (0, 3, 6 and 8 cm; randomized). At position "0 cm", the foot was in full contact with the footplate; at the additional positions, the chair was moved forward. Body kinematics (VICON) and kinetics (HUMAC Norm, PEDAR) were captured synchronously during MVCs and RTDs. The results showed that the maximal exerted joint moment was significantly (p<0.01) increased by >32% from the 0-cm to 8-cm position (126 and 172 Nm, respectively); however, at the "6 cm" and "8 cm" positions, no significant difference was found. The joint rotation was significantly (p<0.01) reduced by >50% (from 15.5 to 7.1°; 0-8 cm). The maxRTD was only significantly higher at "6 cm" compared with the "0 cm" position. The time to reach maxRTD showed shorter tendencies for the "8 cm" position than for all other positions. The results indicate an underestimation of the plantar flexor maximal force potential with the current measuring technique. This could be critical in pre-post study designs where a 2-cm alteration in the chair position can induce an error of ~9% in the joint moment. The joint rotation could be reduced but not completely eliminated. For position standardization purposes, a pressure >220 kPa under the subject's foot is needed to achieve the maximal joint moment. We discussed the possible origins (fascicle length, neural drive) of the increased joint moment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219840</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31329607</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Ankle ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomechanics ; Body kinematics ; Computer science ; Dynamometers ; Feet ; Hip ; Humans ; Isometric ; Isometric Contraction ; Joints (Anatomy) ; Kinematics ; Kinesiology ; Kinetics ; Knee ; Knee Joint - physiology ; Male ; Mechanical properties ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Morphology ; Muscle, Skeletal - physiology ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Plantar flexion ; Reaction kinetics ; Rotation ; Sitting Position ; Sport science ; Standardization ; Tendons ; Torque</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-07, Vol.14 (7), p.e0219840-e0219840</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Stafilidis, Sickinger. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 Stafilidis, Sickinger 2019 Stafilidis, Sickinger</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8052ba1ff255e51f92a511473c151411c036fb7515381c9655a06ba4f756a67c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8052ba1ff255e51f92a511473c151411c036fb7515381c9655a06ba4f756a67c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3960-1551</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6645493/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6645493/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2929,23871,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31329607$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Vernillo, Gianluca</contributor><creatorcontrib>Stafilidis, Savvas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sickinger, Christoph</creatorcontrib><title>Anterior subject positioning affects the maximal exerted isometric plantar flexion moment</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>We examined the effect of increased anterior subject positioning toward the dynamometer's footplate during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVCs) on the joint moment, rotation and rate of torque development (RTD). Fourteen subjects, with their hip flexed (110°) and knee fully extended (180°), underwent ramp maximal and rapid voluntary isometric plantar flexion contractions at 4 different positions (0, 3, 6 and 8 cm; randomized). At position "0 cm", the foot was in full contact with the footplate; at the additional positions, the chair was moved forward. Body kinematics (VICON) and kinetics (HUMAC Norm, PEDAR) were captured synchronously during MVCs and RTDs. The results showed that the maximal exerted joint moment was significantly (p<0.01) increased by >32% from the 0-cm to 8-cm position (126 and 172 Nm, respectively); however, at the "6 cm" and "8 cm" positions, no significant difference was found. The joint rotation was significantly (p<0.01) reduced by >50% (from 15.5 to 7.1°; 0-8 cm). The maxRTD was only significantly higher at "6 cm" compared with the "0 cm" position. The time to reach maxRTD showed shorter tendencies for the "8 cm" position than for all other positions. The results indicate an underestimation of the plantar flexor maximal force potential with the current measuring technique. This could be critical in pre-post study designs where a 2-cm alteration in the chair position can induce an error of ~9% in the joint moment. The joint rotation could be reduced but not completely eliminated. For position standardization purposes, a pressure >220 kPa under the subject's foot is needed to achieve the maximal joint moment. We discussed the possible origins (fascicle length, neural drive) of the increased joint moment.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Ankle</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Body kinematics</subject><subject>Computer science</subject><subject>Dynamometers</subject><subject>Feet</subject><subject>Hip</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Isometric</subject><subject>Isometric Contraction</subject><subject>Joints (Anatomy)</subject><subject>Kinematics</subject><subject>Kinesiology</subject><subject>Kinetics</subject><subject>Knee</subject><subject>Knee Joint - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Plantar flexion</subject><subject>Reaction kinetics</subject><subject>Rotation</subject><subject>Sitting Position</subject><subject>Sport 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subject positioning affects the maximal exerted isometric plantar flexion moment</title><author>Stafilidis, Savvas ; Sickinger, Christoph</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-8052ba1ff255e51f92a511473c151411c036fb7515381c9655a06ba4f756a67c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Ankle</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Body kinematics</topic><topic>Computer science</topic><topic>Dynamometers</topic><topic>Feet</topic><topic>Hip</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Isometric</topic><topic>Isometric Contraction</topic><topic>Joints (Anatomy)</topic><topic>Kinematics</topic><topic>Kinesiology</topic><topic>Kinetics</topic><topic>Knee</topic><topic>Knee Joint - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - physiology</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Plantar flexion</topic><topic>Reaction kinetics</topic><topic>Rotation</topic><topic>Sitting Position</topic><topic>Sport science</topic><topic>Standardization</topic><topic>Tendons</topic><topic>Torque</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stafilidis, Savvas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sickinger, Christoph</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stafilidis, Savvas</au><au>Sickinger, Christoph</au><au>Vernillo, Gianluca</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Anterior subject positioning affects the maximal exerted isometric plantar flexion moment</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2019-07-22</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0219840</spage><epage>e0219840</epage><pages>e0219840-e0219840</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>We examined the effect of increased anterior subject positioning toward the dynamometer's footplate during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVCs) on the joint moment, rotation and rate of torque development (RTD). Fourteen subjects, with their hip flexed (110°) and knee fully extended (180°), underwent ramp maximal and rapid voluntary isometric plantar flexion contractions at 4 different positions (0, 3, 6 and 8 cm; randomized). At position "0 cm", the foot was in full contact with the footplate; at the additional positions, the chair was moved forward. Body kinematics (VICON) and kinetics (HUMAC Norm, PEDAR) were captured synchronously during MVCs and RTDs. The results showed that the maximal exerted joint moment was significantly (p<0.01) increased by >32% from the 0-cm to 8-cm position (126 and 172 Nm, respectively); however, at the "6 cm" and "8 cm" positions, no significant difference was found. The joint rotation was significantly (p<0.01) reduced by >50% (from 15.5 to 7.1°; 0-8 cm). The maxRTD was only significantly higher at "6 cm" compared with the "0 cm" position. The time to reach maxRTD showed shorter tendencies for the "8 cm" position than for all other positions. The results indicate an underestimation of the plantar flexor maximal force potential with the current measuring technique. This could be critical in pre-post study designs where a 2-cm alteration in the chair position can induce an error of ~9% in the joint moment. The joint rotation could be reduced but not completely eliminated. For position standardization purposes, a pressure >220 kPa under the subject's foot is needed to achieve the maximal joint moment. We discussed the possible origins (fascicle length, neural drive) of the increased joint moment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>31329607</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0219840</doi><tpages>e0219840</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-1551</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult Ankle Biology and Life Sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Body kinematics Computer science Dynamometers Feet Hip Humans Isometric Isometric Contraction Joints (Anatomy) Kinematics Kinesiology Kinetics Knee Knee Joint - physiology Male Mechanical properties Medicine and Health Sciences Morphology Muscle, Skeletal - physiology Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Plantar flexion Reaction kinetics Rotation Sitting Position Sport science Standardization Tendons Torque |
| title | Anterior subject positioning affects the maximal exerted isometric plantar flexion moment |
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