The role of inoculum dispersal and plant species identity in the assembly of leaf endophytic fungal communities
Because of disturbance and plant species loss at the local level, many arid ecosystems in the western USA benefit from revegetation. There is a growing interest in improving revegetation success by purposefully inoculating revegetation plants with mutualistic endophytic fungi that increase plant str...
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| description | Because of disturbance and plant species loss at the local level, many arid ecosystems in the western USA benefit from revegetation. There is a growing interest in improving revegetation success by purposefully inoculating revegetation plants with mutualistic endophytic fungi that increase plant stress tolerance. However, inoculant fungi must compete against fungi that indigenous to the habitat, many of which may not be mutualistic. Our overall goal, therefore, is to learn how to efficiently colonize revegetation plants using endophytic fungal inoculum. The goal will be facilitated by understanding the factors that limit colonization of plants by endophytic fungi, including inoculum dispersal and host compatibility. We analyzed endophytic fungal communities in leaves of Bromus tectorum and Elymus elymoides (Poaceae), Chrysothamnus depressus and Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae), Alyssum alyssoides (Brassicaceae) and Atriplex canescens (Amaranthaceae), each occurring in each of 18 field plots. We found that dispersal limitation was significant for endophytic fungal communities of Atriplex canescens and Bromus tectorum, accounting for 9 and 17%, respectively, of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure, even though the maximum distance between plots was only 350 m. Plant species identity accounted for 33% of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure. These results indicate that the communities of endophytic fungi assembling in these plant species depend significantly on proximity to inoculum source as well as the identity of the plant species. Therefore, if endophytic fungi are to be used to facilitate revegetation by these plant species, land managers may find it profitable to consider both the proximity of inoculum to revegetation plants and the suitability of the inoculum to targeted host plant species. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0219832 |
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We found that dispersal limitation was significant for endophytic fungal communities of Atriplex canescens and Bromus tectorum, accounting for 9 and 17%, respectively, of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure, even though the maximum distance between plots was only 350 m. Plant species identity accounted for 33% of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure. These results indicate that the communities of endophytic fungi assembling in these plant species depend significantly on proximity to inoculum source as well as the identity of the plant species. 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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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There is a growing interest in improving revegetation success by purposefully inoculating revegetation plants with mutualistic endophytic fungi that increase plant stress tolerance. However, inoculant fungi must compete against fungi that indigenous to the habitat, many of which may not be mutualistic. Our overall goal, therefore, is to learn how to efficiently colonize revegetation plants using endophytic fungal inoculum. The goal will be facilitated by understanding the factors that limit colonization of plants by endophytic fungi, including inoculum dispersal and host compatibility. We analyzed endophytic fungal communities in leaves of Bromus tectorum and Elymus elymoides (Poaceae), Chrysothamnus depressus and Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae), Alyssum alyssoides (Brassicaceae) and Atriplex canescens (Amaranthaceae), each occurring in each of 18 field plots. We found that dispersal limitation was significant for endophytic fungal communities of Atriplex canescens and Bromus tectorum, accounting for 9 and 17%, respectively, of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure, even though the maximum distance between plots was only 350 m. Plant species identity accounted for 33% of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure. These results indicate that the communities of endophytic fungi assembling in these plant species depend significantly on proximity to inoculum source as well as the identity of the plant species. Therefore, if endophytic fungi are to be used to facilitate revegetation by these plant species, land managers may find it profitable to consider both the proximity of inoculum to revegetation plants and the suitability of the inoculum to targeted host plant species.</description><subject>Accounting</subject><subject>Aridity</subject><subject>Assembling</subject><subject>Asteraceae</subject><subject>Atriplex canescens</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bromus tectorum</subject><subject>Colonization</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Community structure</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>Dispersal</subject><subject>Dispersion</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Ecosystem biology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Endophytes</subject><subject>Flowers & plants</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Fungi - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ricks, Kevin D</au><au>Koide, Roger T</au><au>Gao, Cheng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The role of inoculum dispersal and plant species identity in the assembly of leaf endophytic fungal communities</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2019-07-16</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>e0219832</spage><epage>e0219832</epage><pages>e0219832-e0219832</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Because of disturbance and plant species loss at the local level, many arid ecosystems in the western USA benefit from revegetation. There is a growing interest in improving revegetation success by purposefully inoculating revegetation plants with mutualistic endophytic fungi that increase plant stress tolerance. However, inoculant fungi must compete against fungi that indigenous to the habitat, many of which may not be mutualistic. Our overall goal, therefore, is to learn how to efficiently colonize revegetation plants using endophytic fungal inoculum. The goal will be facilitated by understanding the factors that limit colonization of plants by endophytic fungi, including inoculum dispersal and host compatibility. We analyzed endophytic fungal communities in leaves of Bromus tectorum and Elymus elymoides (Poaceae), Chrysothamnus depressus and Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae), Alyssum alyssoides (Brassicaceae) and Atriplex canescens (Amaranthaceae), each occurring in each of 18 field plots. We found that dispersal limitation was significant for endophytic fungal communities of Atriplex canescens and Bromus tectorum, accounting for 9 and 17%, respectively, of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure, even though the maximum distance between plots was only 350 m. Plant species identity accounted for 33% of the variation in endophytic fungal community structure. These results indicate that the communities of endophytic fungi assembling in these plant species depend significantly on proximity to inoculum source as well as the identity of the plant species. Therefore, if endophytic fungi are to be used to facilitate revegetation by these plant species, land managers may find it profitable to consider both the proximity of inoculum to revegetation plants and the suitability of the inoculum to targeted host plant species.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>31310633</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0219832</doi><tpages>e0219832</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5209-5422</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Accounting Aridity Assembling Asteraceae Atriplex canescens Biodiversity Biology Biology and Life Sciences Bromus tectorum Colonization Communities Community structure Computer and Information Sciences Deoxyribonucleic acid Dispersal Dispersion DNA Ecology and Environmental Sciences Ecosystem biology Ecosystems Endophytes Flowers & plants Fungi Fungi - classification Fungi - genetics Grasses Host plants Immunization Inoculum Laboratories Land management Leaves Plant Diseases - microbiology Plant Leaves - microbiology Plant resistance Plant species Plant stress Plants - microbiology Revegetation Species |
| title | The role of inoculum dispersal and plant species identity in the assembly of leaf endophytic fungal communities |
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