Effect and process evaluation of a real-world school garden program on vegetable consumption and its determinants in primary schoolchildren
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a school garden program on children's vegetable consumption and determinants and to gain insight into the process of the program. The "Taste Garden" is a real-world nine-week school garden program developed and implemented by a loca...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2019-03, Vol.14 (3), p.e0214320-e0214320 |
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| creator | Huys, Nele Cardon, Greet De Craemer, Marieke Hermans, Ninotchka Renard, Siska Roesbeke, Marleen Stevens, Wout De Lepeleere, Sara Deforche, Benedicte |
| description | This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a school garden program on children's vegetable consumption and determinants and to gain insight into the process of the program.
The "Taste Garden" is a real-world nine-week school garden program developed and implemented by a local organization. A total of 350 children (149 intervention group, 201 control group) filled out questionnaires on vegetable consumption, determinants and process of the program. Additionally, teachers filled out a process evaluation questionnaire. For effect evaluation, interaction effects (time x group) were considered, using multilevel repeated measures analyses in MLwiN 3.02. Interaction effects were repeated, taking into account quality of implementation (time x implementation group). Process evaluation was descriptively assessed with SPSS 24.0.
Overall, beside some practical concerns of teachers, the program was well perceived by teachers and children. However, an intervention effect of "The Taste Garden" was only found for knowledge (p = 0.02), with a very small effect size (0.55%). When taking into account implementation quality, only small effects were found for awareness (p between 0.005 and 0.007 and an effect size of 0.63%) and knowledge (p between 0.04 and 0.09 and an effect size of 0.65%).
Evaluation of the real-world "Taste Garden" program, which was positively perceived by teachers, showed no effects on vegetable consumption and small effects on its determinants. Adaptations of the current format and longer follow-up periods are therefore recommended. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0214320 |
| format | Article |
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The "Taste Garden" is a real-world nine-week school garden program developed and implemented by a local organization. A total of 350 children (149 intervention group, 201 control group) filled out questionnaires on vegetable consumption, determinants and process of the program. Additionally, teachers filled out a process evaluation questionnaire. For effect evaluation, interaction effects (time x group) were considered, using multilevel repeated measures analyses in MLwiN 3.02. Interaction effects were repeated, taking into account quality of implementation (time x implementation group). Process evaluation was descriptively assessed with SPSS 24.0.
Overall, beside some practical concerns of teachers, the program was well perceived by teachers and children. However, an intervention effect of "The Taste Garden" was only found for knowledge (p = 0.02), with a very small effect size (0.55%). When taking into account implementation quality, only small effects were found for awareness (p between 0.005 and 0.007 and an effect size of 0.63%) and knowledge (p between 0.04 and 0.09 and an effect size of 0.65%).
Evaluation of the real-world "Taste Garden" program, which was positively perceived by teachers, showed no effects on vegetable consumption and small effects on its determinants. Adaptations of the current format and longer follow-up periods are therefore recommended.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214320</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30897160</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Adolescent ; Attitudes ; Behavior ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Child ; Children ; Consumption ; Diet ; Elementary school students ; Evaluation ; Experiential learning ; Female ; Food and nutrition ; Food Preferences ; Fruits ; Gardening - education ; Gardens & gardening ; Health care ; Health education ; Health Education - methods ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Promotion ; Health sciences ; Horticulture ; Humans ; Intervention ; Knowledge ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Nutrition education ; Nutritional aspects ; Pediatric research ; People and Places ; Planning ; Preferences ; Primary care ; Program Evaluation - methods ; Public health ; Schools ; Social Sciences ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Systematic review ; Taste ; Teachers ; Vegetables ; Vegetables - growth & development</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-03, Vol.14 (3), p.e0214320-e0214320</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Huys et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 Huys et al 2019 Huys et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7ffad7e2bd5db10fce42bbe221d134e272580a953d7a66f08964b4419cea874f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7ffad7e2bd5db10fce42bbe221d134e272580a953d7a66f08964b4419cea874f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6938-1652</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6428286/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6428286/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30897160$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huys, Nele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardon, Greet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Craemer, Marieke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hermans, Ninotchka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renard, Siska</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roesbeke, Marleen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stevens, Wout</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Lepeleere, Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deforche, Benedicte</creatorcontrib><title>Effect and process evaluation of a real-world school garden program on vegetable consumption and its determinants in primary schoolchildren</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a school garden program on children's vegetable consumption and determinants and to gain insight into the process of the program.
The "Taste Garden" is a real-world nine-week school garden program developed and implemented by a local organization. A total of 350 children (149 intervention group, 201 control group) filled out questionnaires on vegetable consumption, determinants and process of the program. Additionally, teachers filled out a process evaluation questionnaire. For effect evaluation, interaction effects (time x group) were considered, using multilevel repeated measures analyses in MLwiN 3.02. Interaction effects were repeated, taking into account quality of implementation (time x implementation group). Process evaluation was descriptively assessed with SPSS 24.0.
Overall, beside some practical concerns of teachers, the program was well perceived by teachers and children. However, an intervention effect of "The Taste Garden" was only found for knowledge (p = 0.02), with a very small effect size (0.55%). When taking into account implementation quality, only small effects were found for awareness (p between 0.005 and 0.007 and an effect size of 0.63%) and knowledge (p between 0.04 and 0.09 and an effect size of 0.65%).
Evaluation of the real-world "Taste Garden" program, which was positively perceived by teachers, showed no effects on vegetable consumption and small effects on its determinants. Adaptations of the current format and longer follow-up periods are therefore recommended.</description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Attitudes</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Consumption</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Elementary school students</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Experiential learning</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Food and nutrition</subject><subject>Food Preferences</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Gardening - education</subject><subject>Gardens & gardening</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health education</subject><subject>Health Education - methods</subject><subject>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</subject><subject>Health Promotion</subject><subject>Health sciences</subject><subject>Horticulture</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Knowledge</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Nutrition education</subject><subject>Nutritional aspects</subject><subject>Pediatric research</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Planning</subject><subject>Preferences</subject><subject>Primary care</subject><subject>Program Evaluation - methods</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><subject>Taste</subject><subject>Teachers</subject><subject>Vegetables</subject><subject>Vegetables - growth & development</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk12L1DAUhoso7jr6D0QLgujFjEmaft0Iy7LqwMKCX7chTU46GdJkTNpRf4N_2nSmu0xlL6QXbdLnfXPOyTlJ8hyjFc5K_G7rBm-5We2chRUimGYEPUjOcZ2RZUFQ9vDk-yx5EsIWoTyriuJxcpahqi5xgc6TP1dKgehTbmW6805ACCnsuRl4r51NnUp56oGb5U_njUyD2Dhn0pZ7CXYUtJ53aQT30ELPGwOpcDYM3e4gH111H1IJPfhOW27jQo9C3XH_e7ITG22kB_s0eaS4CfBsei-Sbx-uvl5-Wl7ffFxfXlwvRVGTflkqxWUJpJG5bDBSAihpGiAES5xRICXJK8TrPJMlLwoVUy1oQymuBfCqpCpbJC-PvjvjApvqGBjBdV5jVOZ5JNZHQjq-ZVO0zHHNDhvOt4z7XgsDTBQVrXAmFRGCltEjhlGjClOJOUU1il7vp9OGpgMpwPaem5np_I_VG9a6PSsoqUhVRIM3k4F3PwYIPet0EGAMt-CGQ9xFTkgdO2CRvPoHvT-7iWp5TEBb5eK5YjRlF3kZzTCpR2p1DxUfCZ2OlwxKx_2Z4O1MEJkefvUtH0Jg6y-f_5-9-T5nX5-wm9iM_SY4M4wdFuYgPYLCuxA8qLsiY8TGmbmtBhtnhk0zE2UvTi_oTnQ7JNlfphITkQ</recordid><startdate>20190321</startdate><enddate>20190321</enddate><creator>Huys, Nele</creator><creator>Cardon, Greet</creator><creator>De Craemer, Marieke</creator><creator>Hermans, Ninotchka</creator><creator>Renard, Siska</creator><creator>Roesbeke, Marleen</creator><creator>Stevens, Wout</creator><creator>De Lepeleere, Sara</creator><creator>Deforche, Benedicte</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1652</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190321</creationdate><title>Effect and process evaluation of a real-world school garden program on vegetable consumption and its determinants in primary schoolchildren</title><author>Huys, Nele ; Cardon, Greet ; De Craemer, Marieke ; Hermans, Ninotchka ; Renard, Siska ; Roesbeke, Marleen ; Stevens, Wout ; De Lepeleere, Sara ; Deforche, Benedicte</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-7ffad7e2bd5db10fce42bbe221d134e272580a953d7a66f08964b4419cea874f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Attitudes</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Consumption</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Elementary school students</topic><topic>Evaluation</topic><topic>Experiential learning</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Food and nutrition</topic><topic>Food Preferences</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Gardening - 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The "Taste Garden" is a real-world nine-week school garden program developed and implemented by a local organization. A total of 350 children (149 intervention group, 201 control group) filled out questionnaires on vegetable consumption, determinants and process of the program. Additionally, teachers filled out a process evaluation questionnaire. For effect evaluation, interaction effects (time x group) were considered, using multilevel repeated measures analyses in MLwiN 3.02. Interaction effects were repeated, taking into account quality of implementation (time x implementation group). Process evaluation was descriptively assessed with SPSS 24.0.
Overall, beside some practical concerns of teachers, the program was well perceived by teachers and children. However, an intervention effect of "The Taste Garden" was only found for knowledge (p = 0.02), with a very small effect size (0.55%). When taking into account implementation quality, only small effects were found for awareness (p between 0.005 and 0.007 and an effect size of 0.63%) and knowledge (p between 0.04 and 0.09 and an effect size of 0.65%).
Evaluation of the real-world "Taste Garden" program, which was positively perceived by teachers, showed no effects on vegetable consumption and small effects on its determinants. Adaptations of the current format and longer follow-up periods are therefore recommended.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30897160</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0214320</doi><tpages>e0214320</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6938-1652</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adaptation Adolescent Attitudes Behavior Biology and Life Sciences Child Children Consumption Diet Elementary school students Evaluation Experiential learning Female Food and nutrition Food Preferences Fruits Gardening - education Gardens & gardening Health care Health education Health Education - methods Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Health Promotion Health sciences Horticulture Humans Intervention Knowledge Male Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Nutrition education Nutritional aspects Pediatric research People and Places Planning Preferences Primary care Program Evaluation - methods Public health Schools Social Sciences Students Surveys and Questionnaires Systematic review Taste Teachers Vegetables Vegetables - growth & development |
| title | Effect and process evaluation of a real-world school garden program on vegetable consumption and its determinants in primary schoolchildren |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-08T00%3A10%3A29IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect%20and%20process%20evaluation%20of%20a%20real-world%20school%20garden%20program%20on%20vegetable%20consumption%20and%20its%20determinants%20in%20primary%20schoolchildren&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Huys,%20Nele&rft.date=2019-03-21&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e0214320&rft.epage=e0214320&rft.pages=e0214320-e0214320&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0214320&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA579651295%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2195910755&rft_id=info:pmid/30897160&rft_galeid=A579651295&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_c684813df2cc4721921d90814d1a4090&rfr_iscdi=true |