Measuring national capability over big science's multidisciplinarity: A case study of nuclear fusion research
In the era of big science, countries allocate big research and development budgets to large scientific facilities that boost collaboration and research capability. A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sus...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2019-02, Vol.14 (2), p.e0211963-e0211963 |
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| description | In the era of big science, countries allocate big research and development budgets to large scientific facilities that boost collaboration and research capability. A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sustainable energy expected to solve the energy crisis in the future. Here, to explore the scientific effects of tokamaks, we map a country's research capability in nuclear fusion research with normalized revealed comparative advantage on five topical clusters-material, plasma, device, diagnostics, and simulation-detected through a dynamic topic model. Our approach captures not only the growth of China, India, and the Republic of Korea but also the decline of Canada, Japan, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Time points of their rise and fall are related to tokamak operation, highlighting the importance of large facilities in big science. The gravity model points out that two countries collaborate less in device, diagnostics, and plasma research if they have comparative advantages in different topics. This relation is a unique feature of nuclear fusion compared to other science fields. Our results can be used and extended when building national policies for big science. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0211963 |
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A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sustainable energy expected to solve the energy crisis in the future. Here, to explore the scientific effects of tokamaks, we map a country's research capability in nuclear fusion research with normalized revealed comparative advantage on five topical clusters-material, plasma, device, diagnostics, and simulation-detected through a dynamic topic model. Our approach captures not only the growth of China, India, and the Republic of Korea but also the decline of Canada, Japan, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Time points of their rise and fall are related to tokamak operation, highlighting the importance of large facilities in big science. The gravity model points out that two countries collaborate less in device, diagnostics, and plasma research if they have comparative advantages in different topics. This relation is a unique feature of nuclear fusion compared to other science fields. Our results can be used and extended when building national policies for big science.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211963</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30735548</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Bibliographic data bases ; Bibliographies as Topic ; Bibliometrics ; Budgets ; Canada ; Case reports ; Case studies ; China ; Collaboration ; Comparative advantage ; Computer simulation ; Econometrics ; Energy ; Energy policy ; Energy shortages ; Engineering ; Engineering and Technology ; Gravity ; Green technology ; Humans ; India ; Industrial research ; Information systems ; Interdisciplinary Studies ; Japan ; Leadership ; Measurement ; Models, Theoretical ; Netherlands ; Nuclear Fusion ; Nuclear physics ; Nuclear Physics - instrumentation ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Physics ; R&D ; Renewable Energy ; Republic of Korea ; Research & development ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Researchers ; Scholarly publishing ; Science Policy ; Scientometrics ; Sustainability ; Sweden ; Tokamak devices ; Tokamaks</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-02, Vol.14 (2), p.e0211963-e0211963</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 Kim et al 2019 Kim et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-e7c6e5c8a16731bf805daeb622f848a3a52d1c4fa36f863dd79c2fb85cc28003</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-e7c6e5c8a16731bf805daeb622f848a3a52d1c4fa36f863dd79c2fb85cc28003</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9590-3859</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6368312/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6368312/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27843,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30735548$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hyunuk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hong, Inho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Woo-Sung</creatorcontrib><title>Measuring national capability over big science's multidisciplinarity: A case study of nuclear fusion research</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>In the era of big science, countries allocate big research and development budgets to large scientific facilities that boost collaboration and research capability. A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sustainable energy expected to solve the energy crisis in the future. Here, to explore the scientific effects of tokamaks, we map a country's research capability in nuclear fusion research with normalized revealed comparative advantage on five topical clusters-material, plasma, device, diagnostics, and simulation-detected through a dynamic topic model. Our approach captures not only the growth of China, India, and the Republic of Korea but also the decline of Canada, Japan, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Time points of their rise and fall are related to tokamak operation, highlighting the importance of large facilities in big science. The gravity model points out that two countries collaborate less in device, diagnostics, and plasma research if they have comparative advantages in different topics. This relation is a unique feature of nuclear fusion compared to other science fields. Our results can be used and extended when building national policies for big science.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bibliographic data bases</subject><subject>Bibliographies as Topic</subject><subject>Bibliometrics</subject><subject>Budgets</subject><subject>Canada</subject><subject>Case reports</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Collaboration</subject><subject>Comparative advantage</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Econometrics</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy policy</subject><subject>Energy shortages</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Engineering and Technology</subject><subject>Gravity</subject><subject>Green technology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Industrial research</subject><subject>Information systems</subject><subject>Interdisciplinary Studies</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Leadership</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Models, Theoretical</subject><subject>Netherlands</subject><subject>Nuclear Fusion</subject><subject>Nuclear physics</subject><subject>Nuclear Physics - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Hyunuk</au><au>Hong, Inho</au><au>Jung, Woo-Sung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Measuring national capability over big science's multidisciplinarity: A case study of nuclear fusion research</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2019-02-08</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0211963</spage><epage>e0211963</epage><pages>e0211963-e0211963</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>In the era of big science, countries allocate big research and development budgets to large scientific facilities that boost collaboration and research capability. A nuclear fusion device called the "tokamak" is a source of great interest for many countries because it ideally generates sustainable energy expected to solve the energy crisis in the future. Here, to explore the scientific effects of tokamaks, we map a country's research capability in nuclear fusion research with normalized revealed comparative advantage on five topical clusters-material, plasma, device, diagnostics, and simulation-detected through a dynamic topic model. Our approach captures not only the growth of China, India, and the Republic of Korea but also the decline of Canada, Japan, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Time points of their rise and fall are related to tokamak operation, highlighting the importance of large facilities in big science. The gravity model points out that two countries collaborate less in device, diagnostics, and plasma research if they have comparative advantages in different topics. This relation is a unique feature of nuclear fusion compared to other science fields. Our results can be used and extended when building national policies for big science.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30735548</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0211963</doi><tpages>e0211963</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9590-3859</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PAIS Index; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Analysis Bibliographic data bases Bibliographies as Topic Bibliometrics Budgets Canada Case reports Case studies China Collaboration Comparative advantage Computer simulation Econometrics Energy Energy policy Energy shortages Engineering Engineering and Technology Gravity Green technology Humans India Industrial research Information systems Interdisciplinary Studies Japan Leadership Measurement Models, Theoretical Netherlands Nuclear Fusion Nuclear physics Nuclear Physics - instrumentation People and Places Physical Sciences Physics R&D Renewable Energy Republic of Korea Research & development Research and Analysis Methods Researchers Scholarly publishing Science Policy Scientometrics Sustainability Sweden Tokamak devices Tokamaks |
| title | Measuring national capability over big science's multidisciplinarity: A case study of nuclear fusion research |
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