Skin marks in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) interacting with artisanal fishery in the central Mediterranean Sea
Skin marks occur frequently in many cetacean species across the globe revealing a broad spectrum of causes, including social interactions, infectious diseases and injuries produced by anthropogenic factors. The current study used photo-id data from 2005-2014 to estimate the skin mark pattern on resi...
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| description | Skin marks occur frequently in many cetacean species across the globe revealing a broad spectrum of causes, including social interactions, infectious diseases and injuries produced by anthropogenic factors. The current study used photo-id data from 2005-2014 to estimate the skin mark pattern on resident bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Aeolian Archipelago (Italy). Thirteen skin mark types were identified and their origin, prevalence and permanence time were examined. The pattern of skin marks was assessed for the abundance, richness, distribution and severity in six body regions and compared among age classes, sex and degree of dolphins' interaction with trammel nets (DIN). Our results showed higher prevalence, abundance, richness and distribution of skin marks in adults than in the younger age classes, with the exception of black marks and white ring lesions. The prevalence and abundance of skin marks were higher in males than females, with the exception of scratches and white patches. Moreover, gunshot wounds, mutilations and irregular dorsal fin edges were found only on adult males. Since males showed higher DIN than females and, in dolphins with higher DIN, skin marks were more abundant and frequently distributed in different body regions, the skin mark pattern in regard to DIN seems to be sex-related. The more severe marks were observed on adults, males and dolphins with higher DIN, namely skin disorder, tooth rake marks, small shallow indentations, deep indentations and mutilations. On the contrary, the severity of scratches, white patches and dark ring lesions was higher in females than males, but not significantly related to DIN and age of the individuals. Our results showed that photo-id data provide an efficient and cost-effective approach to document the occurrence of skin marks in free-ranging bottlenose dolphin populations, a critical step toward understanding the cause and supporting the conservation strategies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0211767 |
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The current study used photo-id data from 2005-2014 to estimate the skin mark pattern on resident bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Aeolian Archipelago (Italy). Thirteen skin mark types were identified and their origin, prevalence and permanence time were examined. The pattern of skin marks was assessed for the abundance, richness, distribution and severity in six body regions and compared among age classes, sex and degree of dolphins' interaction with trammel nets (DIN). Our results showed higher prevalence, abundance, richness and distribution of skin marks in adults than in the younger age classes, with the exception of black marks and white ring lesions. The prevalence and abundance of skin marks were higher in males than females, with the exception of scratches and white patches. Moreover, gunshot wounds, mutilations and irregular dorsal fin edges were found only on adult males. Since males showed higher DIN than females and, in dolphins with higher DIN, skin marks were more abundant and frequently distributed in different body regions, the skin mark pattern in regard to DIN seems to be sex-related. The more severe marks were observed on adults, males and dolphins with higher DIN, namely skin disorder, tooth rake marks, small shallow indentations, deep indentations and mutilations. On the contrary, the severity of scratches, white patches and dark ring lesions was higher in females than males, but not significantly related to DIN and age of the individuals. Our results showed that photo-id data provide an efficient and cost-effective approach to document the occurrence of skin marks in free-ranging bottlenose dolphin populations, a critical step toward understanding the cause and supporting the conservation strategies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211767</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30721248</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Adults ; Age ; Age Factors ; Analysis ; Animal behavior ; Animals ; Anthropogenic factors ; Aquatic mammals ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bottle-Nosed Dolphin - parasitology ; Cetacea ; Communicable diseases ; Conservation ; Dolphins ; Dolphins & porpoises ; Earth Sciences ; Female ; Females ; Fisheries ; Fishing ; Gender differences ; Gunshot wounds ; Health aspects ; Identification ; Infectious diseases ; Lesions ; Male ; Males ; Mammals ; Marine mammals ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mediterranean Sea ; Population ; Scars ; Sex ; Sex differences ; Sex Factors ; Skin ; Skin diseases ; Skin Diseases - epidemiology ; Skin Diseases - parasitology ; Skin Diseases - veterinary ; Skin Pigmentation ; Social aspects ; Social factors ; Social interactions ; Teeth ; Tursiops truncatus ; Whales ; Wildlife conservation ; Wounds</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-02, Vol.14 (2), p.e0211767-e0211767</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Leone et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The current study used photo-id data from 2005-2014 to estimate the skin mark pattern on resident bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Aeolian Archipelago (Italy). Thirteen skin mark types were identified and their origin, prevalence and permanence time were examined. The pattern of skin marks was assessed for the abundance, richness, distribution and severity in six body regions and compared among age classes, sex and degree of dolphins' interaction with trammel nets (DIN). Our results showed higher prevalence, abundance, richness and distribution of skin marks in adults than in the younger age classes, with the exception of black marks and white ring lesions. The prevalence and abundance of skin marks were higher in males than females, with the exception of scratches and white patches. Moreover, gunshot wounds, mutilations and irregular dorsal fin edges were found only on adult males. Since males showed higher DIN than females and, in dolphins with higher DIN, skin marks were more abundant and frequently distributed in different body regions, the skin mark pattern in regard to DIN seems to be sex-related. The more severe marks were observed on adults, males and dolphins with higher DIN, namely skin disorder, tooth rake marks, small shallow indentations, deep indentations and mutilations. On the contrary, the severity of scratches, white patches and dark ring lesions was higher in females than males, but not significantly related to DIN and age of the individuals. 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Leone, Andrea Benedetto</au><au>Bonanno Ferraro, Giusy</au><au>Boitani, Luigi</au><au>Blasi, Monica Francesca</au><au>Tsikliras, Athanassios C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Skin marks in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) interacting with artisanal fishery in the central Mediterranean Sea</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2019-02-05</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0211767</spage><epage>e0211767</epage><pages>e0211767-e0211767</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Skin marks occur frequently in many cetacean species across the globe revealing a broad spectrum of causes, including social interactions, infectious diseases and injuries produced by anthropogenic factors. The current study used photo-id data from 2005-2014 to estimate the skin mark pattern on resident bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Aeolian Archipelago (Italy). Thirteen skin mark types were identified and their origin, prevalence and permanence time were examined. The pattern of skin marks was assessed for the abundance, richness, distribution and severity in six body regions and compared among age classes, sex and degree of dolphins' interaction with trammel nets (DIN). Our results showed higher prevalence, abundance, richness and distribution of skin marks in adults than in the younger age classes, with the exception of black marks and white ring lesions. The prevalence and abundance of skin marks were higher in males than females, with the exception of scratches and white patches. Moreover, gunshot wounds, mutilations and irregular dorsal fin edges were found only on adult males. Since males showed higher DIN than females and, in dolphins with higher DIN, skin marks were more abundant and frequently distributed in different body regions, the skin mark pattern in regard to DIN seems to be sex-related. The more severe marks were observed on adults, males and dolphins with higher DIN, namely skin disorder, tooth rake marks, small shallow indentations, deep indentations and mutilations. On the contrary, the severity of scratches, white patches and dark ring lesions was higher in females than males, but not significantly related to DIN and age of the individuals. Our results showed that photo-id data provide an efficient and cost-effective approach to document the occurrence of skin marks in free-ranging bottlenose dolphin populations, a critical step toward understanding the cause and supporting the conservation strategies.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30721248</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0211767</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5633-2931</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| subjects | Abundance Adults Age Age Factors Analysis Animal behavior Animals Anthropogenic factors Aquatic mammals Biology and Life Sciences Bottle-Nosed Dolphin - parasitology Cetacea Communicable diseases Conservation Dolphins Dolphins & porpoises Earth Sciences Female Females Fisheries Fishing Gender differences Gunshot wounds Health aspects Identification Infectious diseases Lesions Male Males Mammals Marine mammals Medicine and Health Sciences Mediterranean Sea Population Scars Sex Sex differences Sex Factors Skin Skin diseases Skin Diseases - epidemiology Skin Diseases - parasitology Skin Diseases - veterinary Skin Pigmentation Social aspects Social factors Social interactions Teeth Tursiops truncatus Whales Wildlife conservation Wounds |
| title | Skin marks in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) interacting with artisanal fishery in the central Mediterranean Sea |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-31T15%3A47%3A46IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Skin%20marks%20in%20bottlenose%20dolphins%20(Tursiops%20truncatus)%20interacting%20with%20artisanal%20fishery%20in%20the%20central%20Mediterranean%20Sea&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Leone,%20Andrea%20Benedetto&rft.date=2019-02-05&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=e0211767&rft.epage=e0211767&rft.pages=e0211767-e0211767&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0211767&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA572667873%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2176240808&rft_id=info:pmid/30721248&rft_galeid=A572667873&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_972b2dddd974448ea35e655855b876a6&rfr_iscdi=true |