Hand grip strength: Reference values for adults and elderly people of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
Hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as an important health indicator, but validated reference values that can be applied to the evaluation of individuals in different populations are still lacking. This work aimed to identify correlations between HGS and anthropometric variables and to establish...
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| description | Hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as an important health indicator, but validated reference values that can be applied to the evaluation of individuals in different populations are still lacking. This work aimed to identify correlations between HGS and anthropometric variables and to establish HGS reference values for adult and elderly populations. This is a population-based cross-sectional study considering the subsets of individuals with healthy right or left upper limbs from a sample of 1,609 adults and elderly residents in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Descriptive statistics of anthropometric measures and HGS values at maximum performance based on three measurements of the two hands were obtained, and Pearson correlations between these variables were applied. Percentile distributions were estimated for right and left HGS by sex and age group. Men presented, in general, a maximum HGS 57% higher than women (43.4 kg vs. 27.6 kg), and also higher HGS levels in the different age groups. In both sexes, the highest HGS values were observed in the age group of 30 to 39 years (men, 46.9 kg; women, 29.4 kg), with a subsequent decline. HGS presented a negative correlation with age and a weak to moderate positive correlation with anthropometric variables, among men and women. The median HGS of men was reduced by about 46% between the ages of 30 and 39 years and 80 years and over (right hand, 46.4 to 23.7 kg; left hand, 42.2 to 23.5 kg) and by about 44% in women (right hand, 29.0 to 16.4 kg, left hand, 27.3 to 15.2 kg). The values identified are a reference for HGS behavior among healthy adults and seniors, although they do not discriminate individuals with specific health conditions. They can be used in rehabilitation programs and subsidize future studies aimed at exploring their potential application in the evaluation of the health condition of adults and elderly individuals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0211452 |
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This work aimed to identify correlations between HGS and anthropometric variables and to establish HGS reference values for adult and elderly populations. This is a population-based cross-sectional study considering the subsets of individuals with healthy right or left upper limbs from a sample of 1,609 adults and elderly residents in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Descriptive statistics of anthropometric measures and HGS values at maximum performance based on three measurements of the two hands were obtained, and Pearson correlations between these variables were applied. Percentile distributions were estimated for right and left HGS by sex and age group. Men presented, in general, a maximum HGS 57% higher than women (43.4 kg vs. 27.6 kg), and also higher HGS levels in the different age groups. In both sexes, the highest HGS values were observed in the age group of 30 to 39 years (men, 46.9 kg; women, 29.4 kg), with a subsequent decline. HGS presented a negative correlation with age and a weak to moderate positive correlation with anthropometric variables, among men and women. The median HGS of men was reduced by about 46% between the ages of 30 and 39 years and 80 years and over (right hand, 46.4 to 23.7 kg; left hand, 42.2 to 23.5 kg) and by about 44% in women (right hand, 29.0 to 16.4 kg, left hand, 27.3 to 15.2 kg). The values identified are a reference for HGS behavior among healthy adults and seniors, although they do not discriminate individuals with specific health conditions. They can be used in rehabilitation programs and subsidize future studies aimed at exploring their potential application in the evaluation of the health condition of adults and elderly individuals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211452</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30703162</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Age ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Analysis ; Anthropometry ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body measurements ; Brazil ; Censuses ; Correlation ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Elderly ; Evaluation ; Female ; Future predictions ; Geriatrics ; Grip strength ; Hand ; Hand Strength - physiology ; Health ; Health aspects ; Households ; Humans ; Male ; Measurement ; Medical schools ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Men ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Older people ; People and Places ; Population ; Population studies ; Populations ; Public health ; Reference Values ; Rehabilitation ; Sarcopenia ; Sex Factors ; Studies ; Womens health ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-01, Vol.14 (1), p.e0211452-e0211452</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2019 Amaral et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2019 Amaral et al 2019 Amaral et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-6fb8cbd8437e851b8f5ee474f72faf618082b0c69203faf4ea1764a49fe79c913</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c758t-6fb8cbd8437e851b8f5ee474f72faf618082b0c69203faf4ea1764a49fe79c913</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9197-5633 ; 0000-0002-7221-5364</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6354998/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6354998/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30703162$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Wehrmeister, Fernando C.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Amaral, Cledir Araújo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amaral, Thatiana Lameira Maciel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monteiro, Gina Torres Rego</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira Leite</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Portela, Margareth Crisóstomo</creatorcontrib><title>Hand grip strength: Reference values for adults and elderly people of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as an important health indicator, but validated reference values that can be applied to the evaluation of individuals in different populations are still lacking. 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This work aimed to identify correlations between HGS and anthropometric variables and to establish HGS reference values for adult and elderly populations. This is a population-based cross-sectional study considering the subsets of individuals with healthy right or left upper limbs from a sample of 1,609 adults and elderly residents in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Descriptive statistics of anthropometric measures and HGS values at maximum performance based on three measurements of the two hands were obtained, and Pearson correlations between these variables were applied. Percentile distributions were estimated for right and left HGS by sex and age group. Men presented, in general, a maximum HGS 57% higher than women (43.4 kg vs. 27.6 kg), and also higher HGS levels in the different age groups. In both sexes, the highest HGS values were observed in the age group of 30 to 39 years (men, 46.9 kg; women, 29.4 kg), with a subsequent decline. HGS presented a negative correlation with age and a weak to moderate positive correlation with anthropometric variables, among men and women. The median HGS of men was reduced by about 46% between the ages of 30 and 39 years and 80 years and over (right hand, 46.4 to 23.7 kg; left hand, 42.2 to 23.5 kg) and by about 44% in women (right hand, 29.0 to 16.4 kg, left hand, 27.3 to 15.2 kg). The values identified are a reference for HGS behavior among healthy adults and seniors, although they do not discriminate individuals with specific health conditions. They can be used in rehabilitation programs and subsidize future studies aimed at exploring their potential application in the evaluation of the health condition of adults and elderly individuals.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30703162</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0211452</doi><tpages>e0211452</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9197-5633</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-5364</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2019-01, Vol.14 (1), p.e0211452-e0211452 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adults Age Age Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Analysis Anthropometry Biology and Life Sciences Body measurements Brazil Censuses Correlation Cross-Sectional Studies Elderly Evaluation Female Future predictions Geriatrics Grip strength Hand Hand Strength - physiology Health Health aspects Households Humans Male Measurement Medical schools Medicine and Health Sciences Men Middle Aged Mortality Older people People and Places Population Population studies Populations Public health Reference Values Rehabilitation Sarcopenia Sex Factors Studies Womens health Young Adult |
| title | Hand grip strength: Reference values for adults and elderly people of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil |
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