Multigene phylogeny reveals a new Iranian earthworm genus (Lumbricidae: Philomontanus) with three new species
Lumbricidae taxonomy is vastly restricted by the morphological simplicity of earthworms and their lack of complex appendices. This has led to confusing results in the Lumbricidae classifications, which in turn, has hindered our ability to identify and assign new and cryptic species to the family. He...
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| creator | Bozorgi, Farnaz Seiedy, Marjan Malek, Masoumeh Aira, Manuel Pérez-Losada, Marcos Domínguez, Jorge |
| description | Lumbricidae taxonomy is vastly restricted by the morphological simplicity of earthworms and their lack of complex appendices. This has led to confusing results in the Lumbricidae classifications, which in turn, has hindered our ability to identify and assign new and cryptic species to the family. Here we propose the addition of a new Lumbricidae genus from the Zagros and Elburz Mountains of Iran, i.e. Philomontanus gen. nov, including three new species. Our taxonomic inferences were based on the phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear gene regions (28S rDNA and 18S rDNA) and 11 mitochondrial gene regions (16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, NADH dehydrogenase I, cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II and tRNAs Asn, Asp, Val, Leu, Ala and Ser). Philomontanus gen. nov comprises the earthworm species Philomontanus sarii sp. nov., Philomontanus mahmoudi sp. nov. and Philomontanus baloutchi sp. nov. These three species are morphologically similar to each other with only a few characters separating them (e.g. size, pigmentation and position of clitellum). Our findings support the adoption of an integrative approach including molecular information (e.g., DNA sequences) to aid earthworm classification and develop a robust taxonomy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0208904 |
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This has led to confusing results in the Lumbricidae classifications, which in turn, has hindered our ability to identify and assign new and cryptic species to the family. Here we propose the addition of a new Lumbricidae genus from the Zagros and Elburz Mountains of Iran, i.e. Philomontanus gen. nov, including three new species. Our taxonomic inferences were based on the phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear gene regions (28S rDNA and 18S rDNA) and 11 mitochondrial gene regions (16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, NADH dehydrogenase I, cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II and tRNAs Asn, Asp, Val, Leu, Ala and Ser). Philomontanus gen. nov comprises the earthworm species Philomontanus sarii sp. nov., Philomontanus mahmoudi sp. nov. and Philomontanus baloutchi sp. nov. These three species are morphologically similar to each other with only a few characters separating them (e.g. size, pigmentation and position of clitellum). Our findings support the adoption of an integrative approach including molecular information (e.g., DNA sequences) to aid earthworm classification and develop a robust taxonomy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208904</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30699114</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Biodiversity ; Bioinformatics ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Computer and Information Sciences ; Cryptic species ; Cytochrome ; Cytochrome oxidase ; Cytochromes ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; DNA sequencing ; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics ; Electron Transport Complex I - genetics ; Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics ; Ethanol ; Evolution ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genetic aspects ; Genetic research ; Identification and classification ; Lumbricidae ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mitochondria ; Morphology ; Mountains ; Museums ; NADH ; NADH dehydrogenase ; New species ; Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ; Nucleotide sequence ; Oligochaeta - classification ; Oligochaeta - genetics ; Oxidases ; People and Places ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Pigmentation ; Research and analysis methods ; rRNA 16S ; Studies ; Systematic biology ; Taxonomy ; Worms ; Zoology</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2019-01, Vol.14 (1), p.e0208904-e0208904</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. 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This has led to confusing results in the Lumbricidae classifications, which in turn, has hindered our ability to identify and assign new and cryptic species to the family. Here we propose the addition of a new Lumbricidae genus from the Zagros and Elburz Mountains of Iran, i.e. Philomontanus gen. nov, including three new species. Our taxonomic inferences were based on the phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear gene regions (28S rDNA and 18S rDNA) and 11 mitochondrial gene regions (16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, NADH dehydrogenase I, cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II and tRNAs Asn, Asp, Val, Leu, Ala and Ser). Philomontanus gen. nov comprises the earthworm species Philomontanus sarii sp. nov., Philomontanus mahmoudi sp. nov. and Philomontanus baloutchi sp. nov. These three species are morphologically similar to each other with only a few characters separating them (e.g. size, pigmentation and position of clitellum). Our findings support the adoption of an integrative approach including molecular information (e.g., DNA sequences) to aid earthworm classification and develop a robust taxonomy.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Bioinformatics</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Computer and Information Sciences</subject><subject>Cryptic species</subject><subject>Cytochrome</subject><subject>Cytochrome oxidase</subject><subject>Cytochromes</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA sequencing</subject><subject>DNA, Ribosomal - genetics</subject><subject>Electron Transport Complex I - genetics</subject><subject>Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics</subject><subject>Ethanol</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolution, Molecular</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genetic research</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>Lumbricidae</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>Museums</subject><subject>NADH</subject><subject>NADH dehydrogenase</subject><subject>New species</subject><subject>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide</subject><subject>Nucleotide sequence</subject><subject>Oligochaeta - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bozorgi, Farnaz</au><au>Seiedy, Marjan</au><au>Malek, Masoumeh</au><au>Aira, Manuel</au><au>Pérez-Losada, Marcos</au><au>Domínguez, Jorge</au><au>ZHANG, Feng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Multigene phylogeny reveals a new Iranian earthworm genus (Lumbricidae: Philomontanus) with three new species</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2019-01-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0208904</spage><epage>e0208904</epage><pages>e0208904-e0208904</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Lumbricidae taxonomy is vastly restricted by the morphological simplicity of earthworms and their lack of complex appendices. This has led to confusing results in the Lumbricidae classifications, which in turn, has hindered our ability to identify and assign new and cryptic species to the family. Here we propose the addition of a new Lumbricidae genus from the Zagros and Elburz Mountains of Iran, i.e. Philomontanus gen. nov, including three new species. Our taxonomic inferences were based on the phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear gene regions (28S rDNA and 18S rDNA) and 11 mitochondrial gene regions (16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, NADH dehydrogenase I, cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II and tRNAs Asn, Asp, Val, Leu, Ala and Ser). Philomontanus gen. nov comprises the earthworm species Philomontanus sarii sp. nov., Philomontanus mahmoudi sp. nov. and Philomontanus baloutchi sp. nov. These three species are morphologically similar to each other with only a few characters separating them (e.g. size, pigmentation and position of clitellum). Our findings support the adoption of an integrative approach including molecular information (e.g., DNA sequences) to aid earthworm classification and develop a robust taxonomy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30699114</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0208904</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5785-6841</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Biodiversity Bioinformatics Biology and Life Sciences Computer and Information Sciences Cryptic species Cytochrome Cytochrome oxidase Cytochromes Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA sequencing DNA, Ribosomal - genetics Electron Transport Complex I - genetics Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics Ethanol Evolution Evolution, Molecular Gene sequencing Genes Genetic aspects Genetic research Identification and classification Lumbricidae Medicine and Health Sciences Mitochondria Morphology Mountains Museums NADH NADH dehydrogenase New species Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Nucleotide sequence Oligochaeta - classification Oligochaeta - genetics Oxidases People and Places Phylogenetics Phylogeny Pigmentation Research and analysis methods rRNA 16S Studies Systematic biology Taxonomy Worms Zoology |
| title | Multigene phylogeny reveals a new Iranian earthworm genus (Lumbricidae: Philomontanus) with three new species |
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