Examination of viraemia and clinical signs after challenge with a heterologous PRRSV strain in PRRS Type 2 MLV vaccinated pigs: A challenge-dose study
Vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) Type 2 modified-live vaccines (MLVs) has been shown to improve clinical signs and survival rates in PRRS virus (PRRSV)-challenged pigs. This study evaluated the dose of PRRSV challenge needed to cause and maintain viraemia in PRRS...
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| description | Vaccination with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) Type 2 modified-live vaccines (MLVs) has been shown to improve clinical signs and survival rates in PRRS virus (PRRSV)-challenged pigs. This study evaluated the dose of PRRSV challenge needed to cause and maintain viraemia in PRRS Type 2 MLV-vaccinated pigs and assessed clinical responses to various doses of virulent challenge. This controlled, randomised, blinded vaccination-challenge study involved 95 pigs who were either vaccinated with 2 mL of a PRRS Type 2 MLV on Day 0 or left unvaccinated. On Day 28, pigs were challenged intranasally with virulent PRRSV isolate (dose range |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0209784 |
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This study evaluated the dose of PRRSV challenge needed to cause and maintain viraemia in PRRS Type 2 MLV-vaccinated pigs and assessed clinical responses to various doses of virulent challenge. This controlled, randomised, blinded vaccination-challenge study involved 95 pigs who were either vaccinated with 2 mL of a PRRS Type 2 MLV on Day 0 or left unvaccinated. On Day 28, pigs were challenged intranasally with virulent PRRSV isolate (dose range <1.5 to 4 log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose/mL). Five pigs were left unchallenged and served as environmental controls. Viraemia levels, pyrexia, average daily weight gain and clinical signs were assessed. At all challenge doses, vaccinated groups had reduced viraemia levels and clinical signs, and higher average daily weight gain compared with non-vaccinated groups. Vaccinated groups challenged with ≤2 log had similar viraemia levels and clinical performance (days pyrexic and average daily weight gain) as the non-challenged group. Vaccinated groups had significantly reduced pyrexic days compared with non-vaccinated groups across all challenge doses (P <.05). Vaccinated pigs challenged with <3 log had significantly improved average daily weight gain (P <.05). In vaccinated groups, challenge dose correlated positively with viraemia levels and number of days pyrexic, and negatively with average daily weight gain. This is the first study to use a challenge-dose model to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination against PRRSV. PRRS Type 2 MLV was shown to mitigate the consequences of PRRSV infection at all evaluated PRRSV challenge doses. Lower levels of challenge had minimal impact on health and performance of vaccinated pigs, supporting the benefit of vaccinating swine with PRRS Type 2 MLV.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209784</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30592764</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Administration, Intranasal ; Aerosols ; Animals ; Antibodies, Viral - immunology ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Causes of ; Diseases and pests ; Fever ; Hogs ; Infections ; Laboratory animals ; Livestock ; Medical research ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - virology ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - immunology ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - pathogenicity ; Prevention ; R&D ; Random Allocation ; Research & development ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Survival ; Swine ; Tissue culture ; Vaccines ; Viral vaccines ; Viral Vaccines - immunology ; Viremia ; Viremia - immunology ; Viremia - virology ; Viruses ; Weight</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-12, Vol.13 (12), p.e0209784-e0209784</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Haiwick et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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This study evaluated the dose of PRRSV challenge needed to cause and maintain viraemia in PRRS Type 2 MLV-vaccinated pigs and assessed clinical responses to various doses of virulent challenge. This controlled, randomised, blinded vaccination-challenge study involved 95 pigs who were either vaccinated with 2 mL of a PRRS Type 2 MLV on Day 0 or left unvaccinated. On Day 28, pigs were challenged intranasally with virulent PRRSV isolate (dose range <1.5 to 4 log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose/mL). Five pigs were left unchallenged and served as environmental controls. Viraemia levels, pyrexia, average daily weight gain and clinical signs were assessed. At all challenge doses, vaccinated groups had reduced viraemia levels and clinical signs, and higher average daily weight gain compared with non-vaccinated groups. Vaccinated groups challenged with ≤2 log had similar viraemia levels and clinical performance (days pyrexic and average daily weight gain) as the non-challenged group. Vaccinated groups had significantly reduced pyrexic days compared with non-vaccinated groups across all challenge doses (P <.05). Vaccinated pigs challenged with <3 log had significantly improved average daily weight gain (P <.05). In vaccinated groups, challenge dose correlated positively with viraemia levels and number of days pyrexic, and negatively with average daily weight gain. This is the first study to use a challenge-dose model to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination against PRRSV. PRRS Type 2 MLV was shown to mitigate the consequences of PRRSV infection at all evaluated PRRSV challenge doses. Lower levels of challenge had minimal impact on health and performance of vaccinated pigs, supporting the benefit of vaccinating swine with PRRS Type 2 MLV.</description><subject>Administration, Intranasal</subject><subject>Aerosols</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - immunology</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Diseases and pests</subject><subject>Fever</subject><subject>Hogs</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - virology</subject><subject>Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - immunology</subject><subject>Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>R&D</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Research & development</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Tissue culture</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Viral vaccines</subject><subject>Viral Vaccines - 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This study evaluated the dose of PRRSV challenge needed to cause and maintain viraemia in PRRS Type 2 MLV-vaccinated pigs and assessed clinical responses to various doses of virulent challenge. This controlled, randomised, blinded vaccination-challenge study involved 95 pigs who were either vaccinated with 2 mL of a PRRS Type 2 MLV on Day 0 or left unvaccinated. On Day 28, pigs were challenged intranasally with virulent PRRSV isolate (dose range <1.5 to 4 log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose/mL). Five pigs were left unchallenged and served as environmental controls. Viraemia levels, pyrexia, average daily weight gain and clinical signs were assessed. At all challenge doses, vaccinated groups had reduced viraemia levels and clinical signs, and higher average daily weight gain compared with non-vaccinated groups. Vaccinated groups challenged with ≤2 log had similar viraemia levels and clinical performance (days pyrexic and average daily weight gain) as the non-challenged group. Vaccinated groups had significantly reduced pyrexic days compared with non-vaccinated groups across all challenge doses (P <.05). Vaccinated pigs challenged with <3 log had significantly improved average daily weight gain (P <.05). In vaccinated groups, challenge dose correlated positively with viraemia levels and number of days pyrexic, and negatively with average daily weight gain. This is the first study to use a challenge-dose model to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination against PRRSV. PRRS Type 2 MLV was shown to mitigate the consequences of PRRSV infection at all evaluated PRRSV challenge doses. Lower levels of challenge had minimal impact on health and performance of vaccinated pigs, supporting the benefit of vaccinating swine with PRRS Type 2 MLV.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30592764</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0209784</doi><tpages>e0209784</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-836X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
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| source | PLoS; MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Directory of Open Access Journals; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Administration, Intranasal Aerosols Animals Antibodies, Viral - immunology Biology and Life Sciences Causes of Diseases and pests Fever Hogs Infections Laboratory animals Livestock Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Physiological aspects Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome - virology Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - immunology Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus - pathogenicity Prevention R&D Random Allocation Research & development Research and Analysis Methods Survival Swine Tissue culture Vaccines Viral vaccines Viral Vaccines - immunology Viremia Viremia - immunology Viremia - virology Viruses Weight |
| title | Examination of viraemia and clinical signs after challenge with a heterologous PRRSV strain in PRRS Type 2 MLV vaccinated pigs: A challenge-dose study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-17T23%3A05%3A49IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Examination%20of%20viraemia%20and%20clinical%20signs%20after%20challenge%20with%20a%20heterologous%20PRRSV%20strain%20in%20PRRS%20Type%202%20MLV%20vaccinated%20pigs:%20A%20challenge-dose%20study&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Haiwick,%20Greg&rft.date=2018-12-28&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e0209784&rft.epage=e0209784&rft.pages=e0209784-e0209784&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0209784&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA567605955%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2161292569&rft_id=info:pmid/30592764&rft_galeid=A567605955&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_ffdacaa9ae8f498bac7eefdabb28df4e&rfr_iscdi=true |