Does sex education before college protect students from sexual assault in college?
College-bound young people experience sexual assault, both before and after they enter college. This study examines historical risk factors (experiences and exposures that occurred prior to college) for penetrative sexual assault (PSA) victimization since entering college. A cross-sectional study, i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2018-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e0205951-e0205951 |
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| creator | Santelli, John S Grilo, Stephanie A Choo, Tse-Hwei Diaz, Gloria Walsh, Kate Wall, Melanie Hirsch, Jennifer S Wilson, Patrick A Gilbert, Louisa Khan, Shamus Mellins, Claude A |
| description | College-bound young people experience sexual assault, both before and after they enter college. This study examines historical risk factors (experiences and exposures that occurred prior to college) for penetrative sexual assault (PSA) victimization since entering college.
A cross-sectional study, including an online population-based quantitiative survey with undergraduate students was conducted in spring 2016. Bivariate analyses and multivariable regressions examined risk and protective factors associated with ever experiencing PSA since entering college. Concurrently-collected in-depth ethnographic interviews with 151 students were reviewed for information related to factors identified in the survey.
In bivariate analyses, multiple historical factors were significantly associated with PSA in college including adverse childhood experiences and having experienced unwanted sexual contact before college (for women) and initiation of alcohol, marijuana, and sexual behaviors before age 18. Significant independent risk factors for college PSA included female gender, experiencing unwanted sexual contact before college, first oral sex before age 18, and "hooking up" (e.g., causual sex or sex outside a committed partnership) in high school. Receipt of school-based sex education promoting refusal skills before age 18 was an independent protective factor; abstinence-only instruction was not. In the ethnographic interviews, students reported variable experiences with sex education before college; many reported it was awkward and poorly delivered.
Multiple experiences and exposures prior to college influenced the risk of penetrative sexual assault in college. Pre-college comprehensive sexuality education, including skills-based training in refusing unwanted sex, may be an effective strategy for preventing sexual assault in college. Sexual assault prevention needs to begin earlier; successful prevention before college should complement prevention efforts once students enter college. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0205951 |
| format | Article |
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A cross-sectional study, including an online population-based quantitiative survey with undergraduate students was conducted in spring 2016. Bivariate analyses and multivariable regressions examined risk and protective factors associated with ever experiencing PSA since entering college. Concurrently-collected in-depth ethnographic interviews with 151 students were reviewed for information related to factors identified in the survey.
In bivariate analyses, multiple historical factors were significantly associated with PSA in college including adverse childhood experiences and having experienced unwanted sexual contact before college (for women) and initiation of alcohol, marijuana, and sexual behaviors before age 18. Significant independent risk factors for college PSA included female gender, experiencing unwanted sexual contact before college, first oral sex before age 18, and "hooking up" (e.g., causual sex or sex outside a committed partnership) in high school. Receipt of school-based sex education promoting refusal skills before age 18 was an independent protective factor; abstinence-only instruction was not. In the ethnographic interviews, students reported variable experiences with sex education before college; many reported it was awkward and poorly delivered.
Multiple experiences and exposures prior to college influenced the risk of penetrative sexual assault in college. Pre-college comprehensive sexuality education, including skills-based training in refusing unwanted sex, may be an effective strategy for preventing sexual assault in college. Sexual assault prevention needs to begin earlier; successful prevention before college should complement prevention efforts once students enter college.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205951</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30427866</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Adverse childhood experiences ; Age ; Alcohol ; Alcoholic beverages ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bivariate analysis ; Cannabis ; Child ; Child development ; Children ; Crime Victims ; Education ; Exposure ; Female ; Females ; Gender ; Health care ; Health risks ; Humans ; Male ; Marijuana ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental health ; People and Places ; Population studies ; Prevention ; Preventive medicine ; Psychiatry ; Public health ; Rape ; Regression analysis ; Religion ; Risk analysis ; Risk Factors ; Schools ; Secondary schools ; Sex ; Sex crimes ; Sex Education - trends ; Sex Offenses ; Sexual assault ; Sexual behavior ; Sexual Behavior - physiology ; Sexuality ; Skills ; Social Sciences ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teenagers ; Transgender persons ; Universities ; Victimization ; Violence ; Womens health ; Young Adult ; Young adults</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e0205951-e0205951</ispartof><rights>2018 Santelli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 Santelli et al 2018 Santelli et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-f4b9a25b5b23b12c331f61454b4b5fff52e61219cf3a629f4442d4d885b7418a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c526t-f4b9a25b5b23b12c331f61454b4b5fff52e61219cf3a629f4442d4d885b7418a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6235267/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6235267/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30427866$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Santelli, John S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grilo, Stephanie A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Choo, Tse-Hwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, Gloria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walsh, Kate</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wall, Melanie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hirsch, Jennifer S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilson, Patrick A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gilbert, Louisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khan, Shamus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mellins, Claude A</creatorcontrib><title>Does sex education before college protect students from sexual assault in college?</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>College-bound young people experience sexual assault, both before and after they enter college. This study examines historical risk factors (experiences and exposures that occurred prior to college) for penetrative sexual assault (PSA) victimization since entering college.
A cross-sectional study, including an online population-based quantitiative survey with undergraduate students was conducted in spring 2016. Bivariate analyses and multivariable regressions examined risk and protective factors associated with ever experiencing PSA since entering college. Concurrently-collected in-depth ethnographic interviews with 151 students were reviewed for information related to factors identified in the survey.
In bivariate analyses, multiple historical factors were significantly associated with PSA in college including adverse childhood experiences and having experienced unwanted sexual contact before college (for women) and initiation of alcohol, marijuana, and sexual behaviors before age 18. Significant independent risk factors for college PSA included female gender, experiencing unwanted sexual contact before college, first oral sex before age 18, and "hooking up" (e.g., causual sex or sex outside a committed partnership) in high school. Receipt of school-based sex education promoting refusal skills before age 18 was an independent protective factor; abstinence-only instruction was not. In the ethnographic interviews, students reported variable experiences with sex education before college; many reported it was awkward and poorly delivered.
Multiple experiences and exposures prior to college influenced the risk of penetrative sexual assault in college. Pre-college comprehensive sexuality education, including skills-based training in refusing unwanted sex, may be an effective strategy for preventing sexual assault in college. Sexual assault prevention needs to begin earlier; successful prevention before college should complement prevention efforts once students enter college.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Adverse childhood experiences</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>Alcoholic beverages</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bivariate analysis</subject><subject>Cannabis</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child development</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Crime Victims</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Health care</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Marijuana</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>People and 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one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-11-14</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e0205951</spage><epage>e0205951</epage><pages>e0205951-e0205951</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>College-bound young people experience sexual assault, both before and after they enter college. This study examines historical risk factors (experiences and exposures that occurred prior to college) for penetrative sexual assault (PSA) victimization since entering college.
A cross-sectional study, including an online population-based quantitiative survey with undergraduate students was conducted in spring 2016. Bivariate analyses and multivariable regressions examined risk and protective factors associated with ever experiencing PSA since entering college. Concurrently-collected in-depth ethnographic interviews with 151 students were reviewed for information related to factors identified in the survey.
In bivariate analyses, multiple historical factors were significantly associated with PSA in college including adverse childhood experiences and having experienced unwanted sexual contact before college (for women) and initiation of alcohol, marijuana, and sexual behaviors before age 18. Significant independent risk factors for college PSA included female gender, experiencing unwanted sexual contact before college, first oral sex before age 18, and "hooking up" (e.g., causual sex or sex outside a committed partnership) in high school. Receipt of school-based sex education promoting refusal skills before age 18 was an independent protective factor; abstinence-only instruction was not. In the ethnographic interviews, students reported variable experiences with sex education before college; many reported it was awkward and poorly delivered.
Multiple experiences and exposures prior to college influenced the risk of penetrative sexual assault in college. Pre-college comprehensive sexuality education, including skills-based training in refusing unwanted sex, may be an effective strategy for preventing sexual assault in college. Sexual assault prevention needs to begin earlier; successful prevention before college should complement prevention efforts once students enter college.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30427866</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0205951</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2018-11, Vol.13 (11), p.e0205951-e0205951 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2133412008 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adults Adverse childhood experiences Age Alcohol Alcoholic beverages Biology and Life Sciences Bivariate analysis Cannabis Child Child development Children Crime Victims Education Exposure Female Females Gender Health care Health risks Humans Male Marijuana Medicine and Health Sciences Mental health People and Places Population studies Prevention Preventive medicine Psychiatry Public health Rape Regression analysis Religion Risk analysis Risk Factors Schools Secondary schools Sex Sex crimes Sex Education - trends Sex Offenses Sexual assault Sexual behavior Sexual Behavior - physiology Sexuality Skills Social Sciences Students Surveys and Questionnaires Teenagers Transgender persons Universities Victimization Violence Womens health Young Adult Young adults |
| title | Does sex education before college protect students from sexual assault in college? |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-03T11%3A03%3A51IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Does%20sex%20education%20before%20college%20protect%20students%20from%20sexual%20assault%20in%20college?&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Santelli,%20John%20S&rft.date=2018-11-14&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e0205951&rft.epage=e0205951&rft.pages=e0205951-e0205951&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0205951&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_plos_%3E2133412008%3C/proquest_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2133412008&rft_id=info:pmid/30427866&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_e73a47de135b4ddf8d94107e24525bbc&rfr_iscdi=true |