Efavirenz reduces renal excretion of lamivudine in rats by inhibiting organic cation transporters (OCT, Oct) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATE, Mate)

Efavirenz (EFV) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in first-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). It is usually administered with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), many of which are substrates of OCT uptake solute carriers (SLC22A) and MATE (SLC47A),...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2018-08, Vol.13 (8), p.e0202706
Hauptverfasser: Ceckova, Martina, Reznicek, Josef, Deutsch, Birgit, Fromm, Martin F, Staud, Frantisek
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Reznicek, Josef
Deutsch, Birgit
Fromm, Martin F
Staud, Frantisek
description Efavirenz (EFV) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in first-line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). It is usually administered with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), many of which are substrates of OCT uptake solute carriers (SLC22A) and MATE (SLC47A), P-gp (MDR1, ABCB1), BCRP (ABCG2), or MRP2 (ABCC2) efflux transporters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of efavirenz towards these transporters and investigate its effects on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a known Oct/Mate substrate, lamivudine, in rats. Accumulation and transport assays showed that efavirenz inhibits the uptake of metformin by OCT1-, OCT2- and MATE1-expressing MDCK cells and reduces transcellular transport of lamivudine across OCT1/OCT2- and MATE1-expressing MDCK monolayers. Only negligible inhibition of MATE2-K was observed in HEK-MATE2-K cells. Efavirenz also reduced the efflux of calcein from MDCK-MRP2 cells, but had a rather weak inhibitory effect on Hoechst 33342 accumulation in MDCK-MDR1 and MDCK-BCRP cells. An in vivo pharmacokinetic interaction study in male Wistar rats revealed that intravenous injection of efavirenz or the control Oct/Mate inhibitor cimetidine significantly reduced the recovery of lamivudine in urine and greatly increased lamivudine retention in the renal tissue. Co-administration with efavirenz or cimetidine also increased the AUC0-∞ value and reduced total body clearance of lamivudine. These data suggest that efavirenz is a potent inhibitor of OCT/Oct and MATE/Mate transporters. Consequently, it can engage in drug-drug interactions that reduce renal excretion of co-administered substrates and enhance their retention in the kidneys, potentially compromising therapeutic safety.
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It is usually administered with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), many of which are substrates of OCT uptake solute carriers (SLC22A) and MATE (SLC47A), P-gp (MDR1, ABCB1), BCRP (ABCG2), or MRP2 (ABCC2) efflux transporters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of efavirenz towards these transporters and investigate its effects on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a known Oct/Mate substrate, lamivudine, in rats. Accumulation and transport assays showed that efavirenz inhibits the uptake of metformin by OCT1-, OCT2- and MATE1-expressing MDCK cells and reduces transcellular transport of lamivudine across OCT1/OCT2- and MATE1-expressing MDCK monolayers. Only negligible inhibition of MATE2-K was observed in HEK-MATE2-K cells. Efavirenz also reduced the efflux of calcein from MDCK-MRP2 cells, but had a rather weak inhibitory effect on Hoechst 33342 accumulation in MDCK-MDR1 and MDCK-BCRP cells. An in vivo pharmacokinetic interaction study in male Wistar rats revealed that intravenous injection of efavirenz or the control Oct/Mate inhibitor cimetidine significantly reduced the recovery of lamivudine in urine and greatly increased lamivudine retention in the renal tissue. Co-administration with efavirenz or cimetidine also increased the AUC0-∞ value and reduced total body clearance of lamivudine. These data suggest that efavirenz is a potent inhibitor of OCT/Oct and MATE/Mate transporters. Consequently, it can engage in drug-drug interactions that reduce renal excretion of co-administered substrates and enhance their retention in the kidneys, potentially compromising therapeutic safety.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>30114293</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0202706</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-097X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Accumulation
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Alkynes
Animals
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiretroviral therapy
Area Under Curve
Benzoxazines - pharmacology
Biology and Life Sciences
Calcein
Cimetidine
Cimetidine - pharmacology
Consortia
Cyclopropanes
Dogs
Drug therapy
Efavirenz
Efflux
Excretion
Extrusion
Half-Life
HEK293 Cells
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
In vivo methods and tests
Inhibitors
Intravenous administration
Kidney - metabolism
Kidneys
Lamivudine
Lamivudine - pharmacokinetics
Lamivudine - pharmacology
Lamivudine - urine
Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
Male
MDR1 protein
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metformin
Metformin - metabolism
Metformin - pharmacology
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins - metabolism
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Nucleosides
Oct-2 protein
Organic Cation Transport Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors
Organic Cation Transport Proteins - metabolism
P-Glycoprotein
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacology
Pharmacy
Prescription drugs
Proteins
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Renal Elimination
Renal function
Research and Analysis Methods
Retention
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - pharmacokinetics
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - pharmacology
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - urine
RNA-directed DNA polymerase
ROC Curve
Substrates
Toxicology
Transport
Urine
title Efavirenz reduces renal excretion of lamivudine in rats by inhibiting organic cation transporters (OCT, Oct) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATE, Mate)
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