Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children
In recent decades, there has been a shift to later childbearing in high-income countries. There is limited large-scale evidence of the relationship between maternal age and child outcomes beyond the perinatal period. The objective of this study is to quantify a child's risk of developmental vul...
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| creator | Falster, Kathleen Hanly, Mark Banks, Emily Lynch, John Chambers, Georgina Brownell, Marni Eades, Sandra Jorm, Louisa |
| description | In recent decades, there has been a shift to later childbearing in high-income countries. There is limited large-scale evidence of the relationship between maternal age and child outcomes beyond the perinatal period. The objective of this study is to quantify a child's risk of developmental vulnerability at age five, according to their mother's age at childbirth.
Linkage of population-level perinatal, hospital, and birth registration datasets to data from the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) and school enrolments in Australia's most populous state, New South Wales (NSW), enabled us to follow a cohort of 99,530 children from birth to their first year of school in 2009 or 2012. The study outcome was teacher-reported child development on five domains measured by the AEDC, including physical health and well-being, emotional maturity, social competence, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge. Developmental vulnerability was defined as domain scores below the 2009 AEDC 10th percentile cut point. The mean maternal age at childbirth was 29.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.7), with 4,382 children (4.4%) born to mothers aged |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558 |
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Linkage of population-level perinatal, hospital, and birth registration datasets to data from the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) and school enrolments in Australia's most populous state, New South Wales (NSW), enabled us to follow a cohort of 99,530 children from birth to their first year of school in 2009 or 2012. The study outcome was teacher-reported child development on five domains measured by the AEDC, including physical health and well-being, emotional maturity, social competence, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge. Developmental vulnerability was defined as domain scores below the 2009 AEDC 10th percentile cut point. The mean maternal age at childbirth was 29.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.7), with 4,382 children (4.4%) born to mothers aged <20 years and 20,026 children (20.1%) born to mothers aged ≥35 years. The proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains was 21% overall and followed a reverse J-shaped distribution according to maternal age: it was highest in children born to mothers aged ≤15 years, at 40% (95% CI, 32-49), and was lowest in children born to mothers aged between 30 years and ≤35 years, at 17%-18%. For maternal ages 36 years to ≥45 years, the proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains increased to 17%-24%. Adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics significantly attenuated vulnerability risk in children born to younger mothers, while adjustment for potentially modifiable factors, such as antenatal visits, had little additional impact across all ages. Although the multi-agency linkage yielded a broad range of sociodemographic, perinatal, health, and developmental variables at the child's birth and school entry, the study was necessarily limited to variables available in the source data, which were mostly recorded for administrative purposes.
Increasing maternal age was associated with a lesser risk of developmental vulnerability for children born to mothers aged 15 years to about 30 years. In contrast, increasing maternal age beyond 35 years was generally associated with increasing vulnerability, broadly equivalent to the risk for children born to mothers in their early twenties, which is highly relevant in the international context of later childbearing. That socioeconomic disadvantage explained approximately half of the increased risk of developmental vulnerability associated with younger motherhood suggests there may be scope to improve population-level child development through policies and programs that support disadvantaged mothers and children.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1549-1277</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1549-1676</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29689098</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Age composition ; Age Factors ; Australia - epidemiology ; Big Data ; Birth ; Child development ; Child Development - physiology ; Child, Preschool ; Childbirth & labor ; Children ; Children & youth ; Cognition & reasoning ; Cognitive ability ; Cohort analysis ; Cohort Studies ; Communication skills ; Developmental disabilities ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Funding ; Health aspects ; Health risk assessment ; Human communication ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Influence ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Maternal-fetal exchange ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Mothers ; Offspring ; People and Places ; Population ; Population studies ; Population-based studies ; Pregnancy ; Research methodology ; Risk factors ; Social Sciences ; Sociodemographics ; Sociological Factors ; Studies ; Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data ; Well being ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PLoS medicine, 2018-04, Vol.15 (4), p.e1002558-e1002558</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Falster K, Hanly M, Banks E, Lynch J, Chambers G, Brownell M, et al. (2018) Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children. PLoS Med 15(4): e1002558. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558</rights><rights>2018 Falster et al 2018 Falster et al</rights><rights>2018 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Falster K, Hanly M, Banks E, Lynch J, Chambers G, Brownell M, et al. (2018) Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children. PLoS Med 15(4): e1002558. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c791t-ffcb0460b2b2a5f9548d562b307ab7fdddf2a441737c1eee78b1afa204e07fb93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c791t-ffcb0460b2b2a5f9548d562b307ab7fdddf2a441737c1eee78b1afa204e07fb93</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2035-5485 ; 0000-0003-0215-3249 ; 0000-0002-9279-7453</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915778/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915778/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29689098$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Falster, Kathleen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanly, Mark</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banks, Emily</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lynch, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chambers, Georgina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brownell, Marni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eades, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jorm, Louisa</creatorcontrib><title>Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children</title><title>PLoS medicine</title><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><description>In recent decades, there has been a shift to later childbearing in high-income countries. There is limited large-scale evidence of the relationship between maternal age and child outcomes beyond the perinatal period. The objective of this study is to quantify a child's risk of developmental vulnerability at age five, according to their mother's age at childbirth.
Linkage of population-level perinatal, hospital, and birth registration datasets to data from the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) and school enrolments in Australia's most populous state, New South Wales (NSW), enabled us to follow a cohort of 99,530 children from birth to their first year of school in 2009 or 2012. The study outcome was teacher-reported child development on five domains measured by the AEDC, including physical health and well-being, emotional maturity, social competence, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge. Developmental vulnerability was defined as domain scores below the 2009 AEDC 10th percentile cut point. The mean maternal age at childbirth was 29.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.7), with 4,382 children (4.4%) born to mothers aged <20 years and 20,026 children (20.1%) born to mothers aged ≥35 years. The proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains was 21% overall and followed a reverse J-shaped distribution according to maternal age: it was highest in children born to mothers aged ≤15 years, at 40% (95% CI, 32-49), and was lowest in children born to mothers aged between 30 years and ≤35 years, at 17%-18%. For maternal ages 36 years to ≥45 years, the proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains increased to 17%-24%. Adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics significantly attenuated vulnerability risk in children born to younger mothers, while adjustment for potentially modifiable factors, such as antenatal visits, had little additional impact across all ages. Although the multi-agency linkage yielded a broad range of sociodemographic, perinatal, health, and developmental variables at the child's birth and school entry, the study was necessarily limited to variables available in the source data, which were mostly recorded for administrative purposes.
Increasing maternal age was associated with a lesser risk of developmental vulnerability for children born to mothers aged 15 years to about 30 years. In contrast, increasing maternal age beyond 35 years was generally associated with increasing vulnerability, broadly equivalent to the risk for children born to mothers in their early twenties, which is highly relevant in the international context of later childbearing. That socioeconomic disadvantage explained approximately half of the increased risk of developmental vulnerability associated with younger motherhood suggests there may be scope to improve population-level child development through policies and programs that support disadvantaged mothers and children.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Age composition</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Australia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Big Data</subject><subject>Birth</subject><subject>Child development</subject><subject>Child Development - physiology</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Childbirth & labor</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Communication skills</subject><subject>Developmental disabilities</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Funding</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Human communication</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Influence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maternal Age</subject><subject>Maternal-fetal exchange</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Offspring</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Population-based studies</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Research methodology</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Social Sciences</subject><subject>Sociodemographics</subject><subject>Sociological Factors</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Vulnerable Populations - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><collection>PLoS Medicine</collection><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Falster, Kathleen</au><au>Hanly, Mark</au><au>Banks, Emily</au><au>Lynch, John</au><au>Chambers, Georgina</au><au>Brownell, Marni</au><au>Eades, Sandra</au><au>Jorm, Louisa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children</atitle><jtitle>PLoS medicine</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Med</addtitle><date>2018-04-24</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e1002558</spage><epage>e1002558</epage><pages>e1002558-e1002558</pages><issn>1549-1676</issn><issn>1549-1277</issn><eissn>1549-1676</eissn><abstract>In recent decades, there has been a shift to later childbearing in high-income countries. There is limited large-scale evidence of the relationship between maternal age and child outcomes beyond the perinatal period. The objective of this study is to quantify a child's risk of developmental vulnerability at age five, according to their mother's age at childbirth.
Linkage of population-level perinatal, hospital, and birth registration datasets to data from the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) and school enrolments in Australia's most populous state, New South Wales (NSW), enabled us to follow a cohort of 99,530 children from birth to their first year of school in 2009 or 2012. The study outcome was teacher-reported child development on five domains measured by the AEDC, including physical health and well-being, emotional maturity, social competence, language and cognitive skills, and communication skills and general knowledge. Developmental vulnerability was defined as domain scores below the 2009 AEDC 10th percentile cut point. The mean maternal age at childbirth was 29.6 years (standard deviation [SD], 5.7), with 4,382 children (4.4%) born to mothers aged <20 years and 20,026 children (20.1%) born to mothers aged ≥35 years. The proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains was 21% overall and followed a reverse J-shaped distribution according to maternal age: it was highest in children born to mothers aged ≤15 years, at 40% (95% CI, 32-49), and was lowest in children born to mothers aged between 30 years and ≤35 years, at 17%-18%. For maternal ages 36 years to ≥45 years, the proportion vulnerable on ≥1 domains increased to 17%-24%. Adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics significantly attenuated vulnerability risk in children born to younger mothers, while adjustment for potentially modifiable factors, such as antenatal visits, had little additional impact across all ages. Although the multi-agency linkage yielded a broad range of sociodemographic, perinatal, health, and developmental variables at the child's birth and school entry, the study was necessarily limited to variables available in the source data, which were mostly recorded for administrative purposes.
Increasing maternal age was associated with a lesser risk of developmental vulnerability for children born to mothers aged 15 years to about 30 years. In contrast, increasing maternal age beyond 35 years was generally associated with increasing vulnerability, broadly equivalent to the risk for children born to mothers in their early twenties, which is highly relevant in the international context of later childbearing. That socioeconomic disadvantage explained approximately half of the increased risk of developmental vulnerability associated with younger motherhood suggests there may be scope to improve population-level child development through policies and programs that support disadvantaged mothers and children.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29689098</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2035-5485</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0215-3249</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-7453</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Age composition Age Factors Australia - epidemiology Big Data Birth Child development Child Development - physiology Child, Preschool Childbirth & labor Children Children & youth Cognition & reasoning Cognitive ability Cohort analysis Cohort Studies Communication skills Developmental disabilities Epidemiology Female Funding Health aspects Health risk assessment Human communication Humans Infant, Newborn Influence Male Maternal Age Maternal-fetal exchange Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Middle Aged Mothers Offspring People and Places Population Population studies Population-based studies Pregnancy Research methodology Risk factors Social Sciences Sociodemographics Sociological Factors Studies Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data Well being Young Adult |
| title | Maternal age and offspring developmental vulnerability at age five: A population-based cohort study of Australian children |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-05T04%3A09%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Maternal%20age%20and%20offspring%20developmental%20vulnerability%20at%20age%20five:%20A%20population-based%20cohort%20study%20of%20Australian%20children&rft.jtitle=PLoS%20medicine&rft.au=Falster,%20Kathleen&rft.date=2018-04-24&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=e1002558&rft.epage=e1002558&rft.pages=e1002558-e1002558&rft.issn=1549-1676&rft.eissn=1549-1676&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002558&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA536809341%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2039762962&rft_id=info:pmid/29689098&rft_galeid=A536809341&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_064e885d9a0c49e8ac2426fc0055f98c&rfr_iscdi=true |