Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015
In Vietnam, rabies has been a notifiable disease for more than 40 years. Over the last five years, on average, more than 350,000 people per year have been bitten by dogs and cats while more than 80 human deaths have been reported yearly. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the geographical an...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2018-04, Vol.13 (4), p.e0194943-e0194943 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e0194943 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | e0194943 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 13 |
| creator | Lee, Hu Suk Thiem, Vu Dinh Anh, Dang Duc Duong, Tran Nhu Lee, Mihye Grace, Delia Nguyen-Viet, Hung |
| description | In Vietnam, rabies has been a notifiable disease for more than 40 years. Over the last five years, on average, more than 350,000 people per year have been bitten by dogs and cats while more than 80 human deaths have been reported yearly. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the geographical and temporal patterns of rabies in humans in Vietnam. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the geographical and temporal distributions of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015.
Average incidence rabies (AIR) PEP rates for every 3 or 4 years (2005-2008, 2009-2012 and 2013-2015) were calculated to describe the spatial distribution of rabies PEP. Hotspot analysis was implemented to identify patterns of spatial significance using the Getis-Ord Gi statistic. For temporal pattern analysis, two regions [Mekong River Delta (MRD) and Southeast Central Coast (SCC)], with the highest incidence rates, and the seasonal-decomposition procedure based on loess (STL), were compared to assess their temporal patterns of rabies PEP.
We found hotspots in southern Vietnam and coldspots in northern Vietnam during the study period. Rabies cases were limited to specific areas. In addition, the hotspot analysis showed that new risk areas were identified in each period which were not observed in incidence rate maps. The seasonal plots showed seasonal patterns with a strong peak in February/July and a minor peak in October/December in the MRD region. However, in the SCC, a small peak was detected at the early part of each year and a strong peak in the middle of each year.
Our findings provide insight into understanding the geographical and seasonal patterns of rabies PEP in Vietnam. This study provides evidence to aid policy makers when making decisions and investing resources. Such information may also be utilized to raise public awareness to prevent rabies exposures and reduce unnecessary PEP. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0194943 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_2023715643</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A534104868</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_f70e79f56d96421fa3b82bf01fa4f5df</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A534104868</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-367586c7e16cedc6e656cf83917fc84524098669a0938634415cd81aeb524c343</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptUttu1DAQjRCIlsIfILDES3nYJY4dJ3mpVC2lVCqi4vZqeZ3xrpfEDnZStd_GzzHZTasuqmJpxp5zzlwySfKapnPKCvph44fgVDPvvIN5SitecfYkOaQVy2YiS9nTB_5B8iLGTZrmrBTieXKQVYLxgovD5O85-FVQ3dpq1RDlatJD2_mAl071PQQXiTckqKWFSDofewI3aIYApAu-W9826sZGcnx1dvWeWKdtDU4DemQ9tArZ6PVrIF_gt3cr8s1eQyAfoenVNtt3P2BUoewCXD-mXfjxFmBl_Y79y0LvVEtM8C3JsAnSe7Q0f5k8M6qJ8GqyR8nPT2c_Fp9nl1_PLxanlzOdV6yfMVHkpdAFUKGh1gJELrQpWUULo0ueZzytcCyVSiscD-Oc5rouqYIlhjTj7Ch5u9PtGh_lNPcoszTD_5ALzhBxsUPUXm1kF2yrwq30ysrtgw8rqUJvdQPSFCkUlclFXQmeUaPYssyWJkWPm7w2qHUyZRuWLda7G8ue6H7E2bVc-WuZl1WGBwWOJ4Hg_wwQe9naqKFplAM_bOvmOD3KR-i7_6CPdzehVgobsM54zKtHUXmaM05TXooSUfNHUPjV0FqNS2osvu8R-I6gg48xgLnvkaZyXPG7YuS44nJacaS9eTife9LdTrN_eoL5RQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2023715643</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Lee, Hu Suk ; Thiem, Vu Dinh ; Anh, Dang Duc ; Duong, Tran Nhu ; Lee, Mihye ; Grace, Delia ; Nguyen-Viet, Hung</creator><contributor>Rupprecht, Charles E.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hu Suk ; Thiem, Vu Dinh ; Anh, Dang Duc ; Duong, Tran Nhu ; Lee, Mihye ; Grace, Delia ; Nguyen-Viet, Hung ; Rupprecht, Charles E.</creatorcontrib><description>In Vietnam, rabies has been a notifiable disease for more than 40 years. Over the last five years, on average, more than 350,000 people per year have been bitten by dogs and cats while more than 80 human deaths have been reported yearly. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the geographical and temporal patterns of rabies in humans in Vietnam. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the geographical and temporal distributions of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015.
Average incidence rabies (AIR) PEP rates for every 3 or 4 years (2005-2008, 2009-2012 and 2013-2015) were calculated to describe the spatial distribution of rabies PEP. Hotspot analysis was implemented to identify patterns of spatial significance using the Getis-Ord Gi statistic. For temporal pattern analysis, two regions [Mekong River Delta (MRD) and Southeast Central Coast (SCC)], with the highest incidence rates, and the seasonal-decomposition procedure based on loess (STL), were compared to assess their temporal patterns of rabies PEP.
We found hotspots in southern Vietnam and coldspots in northern Vietnam during the study period. Rabies cases were limited to specific areas. In addition, the hotspot analysis showed that new risk areas were identified in each period which were not observed in incidence rate maps. The seasonal plots showed seasonal patterns with a strong peak in February/July and a minor peak in October/December in the MRD region. However, in the SCC, a small peak was detected at the early part of each year and a strong peak in the middle of each year.
Our findings provide insight into understanding the geographical and seasonal patterns of rabies PEP in Vietnam. This study provides evidence to aid policy makers when making decisions and investing resources. Such information may also be utilized to raise public awareness to prevent rabies exposures and reduce unnecessary PEP.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194943</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29634746</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Animal bites ; Bats ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Coastal zone ; Deltas ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Epidemiology ; Exposure ; Hot spots ; Incidence ; Information processing ; Loess ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Pattern analysis ; People and Places ; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) ; Prevention ; Preventive medicine ; Prophylaxis ; Public awareness ; Rabies ; Risk analysis ; Rivers ; Spatial distribution ; Statistical analysis</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-04, Vol.13 (4), p.e0194943-e0194943</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Lee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 Lee et al 2018 Lee et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-367586c7e16cedc6e656cf83917fc84524098669a0938634415cd81aeb524c343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-367586c7e16cedc6e656cf83917fc84524098669a0938634415cd81aeb524c343</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8731-9836</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5892892/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5892892/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,728,781,785,865,886,2103,2929,23871,27929,27930,53796,53798</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29634746$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Rupprecht, Charles E.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hu Suk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thiem, Vu Dinh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anh, Dang Duc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duong, Tran Nhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Mihye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grace, Delia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen-Viet, Hung</creatorcontrib><title>Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>In Vietnam, rabies has been a notifiable disease for more than 40 years. Over the last five years, on average, more than 350,000 people per year have been bitten by dogs and cats while more than 80 human deaths have been reported yearly. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the geographical and temporal patterns of rabies in humans in Vietnam. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the geographical and temporal distributions of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015.
Average incidence rabies (AIR) PEP rates for every 3 or 4 years (2005-2008, 2009-2012 and 2013-2015) were calculated to describe the spatial distribution of rabies PEP. Hotspot analysis was implemented to identify patterns of spatial significance using the Getis-Ord Gi statistic. For temporal pattern analysis, two regions [Mekong River Delta (MRD) and Southeast Central Coast (SCC)], with the highest incidence rates, and the seasonal-decomposition procedure based on loess (STL), were compared to assess their temporal patterns of rabies PEP.
We found hotspots in southern Vietnam and coldspots in northern Vietnam during the study period. Rabies cases were limited to specific areas. In addition, the hotspot analysis showed that new risk areas were identified in each period which were not observed in incidence rate maps. The seasonal plots showed seasonal patterns with a strong peak in February/July and a minor peak in October/December in the MRD region. However, in the SCC, a small peak was detected at the early part of each year and a strong peak in the middle of each year.
Our findings provide insight into understanding the geographical and seasonal patterns of rabies PEP in Vietnam. This study provides evidence to aid policy makers when making decisions and investing resources. Such information may also be utilized to raise public awareness to prevent rabies exposures and reduce unnecessary PEP.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animal bites</subject><subject>Bats</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Coastal zone</subject><subject>Deltas</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Hot spots</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Loess</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Pattern analysis</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Preventive medicine</subject><subject>Prophylaxis</subject><subject>Public awareness</subject><subject>Rabies</subject><subject>Risk analysis</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUttu1DAQjRCIlsIfILDES3nYJY4dJ3mpVC2lVCqi4vZqeZ3xrpfEDnZStd_GzzHZTasuqmJpxp5zzlwySfKapnPKCvph44fgVDPvvIN5SitecfYkOaQVy2YiS9nTB_5B8iLGTZrmrBTieXKQVYLxgovD5O85-FVQ3dpq1RDlatJD2_mAl071PQQXiTckqKWFSDofewI3aIYApAu-W9826sZGcnx1dvWeWKdtDU4DemQ9tArZ6PVrIF_gt3cr8s1eQyAfoenVNtt3P2BUoewCXD-mXfjxFmBl_Y79y0LvVEtM8C3JsAnSe7Q0f5k8M6qJ8GqyR8nPT2c_Fp9nl1_PLxanlzOdV6yfMVHkpdAFUKGh1gJELrQpWUULo0ueZzytcCyVSiscD-Oc5rouqYIlhjTj7Ch5u9PtGh_lNPcoszTD_5ALzhBxsUPUXm1kF2yrwq30ysrtgw8rqUJvdQPSFCkUlclFXQmeUaPYssyWJkWPm7w2qHUyZRuWLda7G8ue6H7E2bVc-WuZl1WGBwWOJ4Hg_wwQe9naqKFplAM_bOvmOD3KR-i7_6CPdzehVgobsM54zKtHUXmaM05TXooSUfNHUPjV0FqNS2osvu8R-I6gg48xgLnvkaZyXPG7YuS44nJacaS9eTife9LdTrN_eoL5RQ</recordid><startdate>20180410</startdate><enddate>20180410</enddate><creator>Lee, Hu Suk</creator><creator>Thiem, Vu Dinh</creator><creator>Anh, Dang Duc</creator><creator>Duong, Tran Nhu</creator><creator>Lee, Mihye</creator><creator>Grace, Delia</creator><creator>Nguyen-Viet, Hung</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-9836</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180410</creationdate><title>Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015</title><author>Lee, Hu Suk ; Thiem, Vu Dinh ; Anh, Dang Duc ; Duong, Tran Nhu ; Lee, Mihye ; Grace, Delia ; Nguyen-Viet, Hung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c593t-367586c7e16cedc6e656cf83917fc84524098669a0938634415cd81aeb524c343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Animal bites</topic><topic>Bats</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Coastal zone</topic><topic>Deltas</topic><topic>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Hot spots</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Information processing</topic><topic>Loess</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Pattern analysis</topic><topic>People and Places</topic><topic>Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Preventive medicine</topic><topic>Prophylaxis</topic><topic>Public awareness</topic><topic>Rabies</topic><topic>Risk analysis</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Hu Suk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thiem, Vu Dinh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anh, Dang Duc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duong, Tran Nhu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Mihye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grace, Delia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nguyen-Viet, Hung</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Proquest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Hu Suk</au><au>Thiem, Vu Dinh</au><au>Anh, Dang Duc</au><au>Duong, Tran Nhu</au><au>Lee, Mihye</au><au>Grace, Delia</au><au>Nguyen-Viet, Hung</au><au>Rupprecht, Charles E.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-04-10</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0194943</spage><epage>e0194943</epage><pages>e0194943-e0194943</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>In Vietnam, rabies has been a notifiable disease for more than 40 years. Over the last five years, on average, more than 350,000 people per year have been bitten by dogs and cats while more than 80 human deaths have been reported yearly. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the geographical and temporal patterns of rabies in humans in Vietnam. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the geographical and temporal distributions of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015.
Average incidence rabies (AIR) PEP rates for every 3 or 4 years (2005-2008, 2009-2012 and 2013-2015) were calculated to describe the spatial distribution of rabies PEP. Hotspot analysis was implemented to identify patterns of spatial significance using the Getis-Ord Gi statistic. For temporal pattern analysis, two regions [Mekong River Delta (MRD) and Southeast Central Coast (SCC)], with the highest incidence rates, and the seasonal-decomposition procedure based on loess (STL), were compared to assess their temporal patterns of rabies PEP.
We found hotspots in southern Vietnam and coldspots in northern Vietnam during the study period. Rabies cases were limited to specific areas. In addition, the hotspot analysis showed that new risk areas were identified in each period which were not observed in incidence rate maps. The seasonal plots showed seasonal patterns with a strong peak in February/July and a minor peak in October/December in the MRD region. However, in the SCC, a small peak was detected at the early part of each year and a strong peak in the middle of each year.
Our findings provide insight into understanding the geographical and seasonal patterns of rabies PEP in Vietnam. This study provides evidence to aid policy makers when making decisions and investing resources. Such information may also be utilized to raise public awareness to prevent rabies exposures and reduce unnecessary PEP.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29634746</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0194943</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-9836</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2018-04, Vol.13 (4), p.e0194943-e0194943 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2023715643 |
| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Analysis Animal bites Bats Biology and Life Sciences Coastal zone Deltas Ecology and Environmental Sciences Epidemiology Exposure Hot spots Incidence Information processing Loess Medicine and Health Sciences Pattern analysis People and Places Prevalence studies (Epidemiology) Prevention Preventive medicine Prophylaxis Public awareness Rabies Risk analysis Rivers Spatial distribution Statistical analysis |
| title | Geographical and temporal patterns of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) incidence in humans in the Mekong River Delta and Southeast Central Coast regions in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015 |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-12T08%3A34%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Geographical%20and%20temporal%20patterns%20of%20rabies%20post%20exposure%20prophylaxis%20(PEP)%20incidence%20in%20humans%20in%20the%20Mekong%20River%20Delta%20and%20Southeast%20Central%20Coast%20regions%20in%20Vietnam%20from%202005%20to%202015&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Lee,%20Hu%20Suk&rft.date=2018-04-10&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=e0194943&rft.epage=e0194943&rft.pages=e0194943-e0194943&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194943&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA534104868%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2023715643&rft_id=info:pmid/29634746&rft_galeid=A534104868&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_f70e79f56d96421fa3b82bf01fa4f5df&rfr_iscdi=true |