Role of oceanography in shaping the genetic structure in the North Pacific hake Merluccius productus

Determining the relative influence of biotic and abiotic factors on genetic connectivity among populations remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology and in the management and conservation of species. North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) inhabits upwelling regions in the California Curre...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2018-03, Vol.13 (3), p.e0194646-e0194646
Hauptverfasser: García-De León, Francisco Javier, Galván-Tirado, Carolina, Sánchez Velasco, Laura, Silva-Segundo, Claudia A, Hernández-Guzmán, Rafael, Barriga-Sosa, Irene de Los Angeles, Díaz Jaimes, Píndaro, Canino, Michael, Cruz-Hernández, Pedro
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creator García-De León, Francisco Javier
Galván-Tirado, Carolina
Sánchez Velasco, Laura
Silva-Segundo, Claudia A
Hernández-Guzmán, Rafael
Barriga-Sosa, Irene de Los Angeles
Díaz Jaimes, Píndaro
Canino, Michael
Cruz-Hernández, Pedro
description Determining the relative influence of biotic and abiotic factors on genetic connectivity among populations remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology and in the management and conservation of species. North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) inhabits upwelling regions in the California Current ecosystem from the Gulf of California to the Gulf of Alaska. In this study, we examined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite variation to estimate levels of genetic differentiation of M. productus in relation to the role of oceanographic features as potential barriers to gene flow. Samples were obtained from nine sites spanning a large part of the geographic range of the species, from Puget Sound, Washington to Costa Rica. The microsatellite results revealed three genetically discrete populations: one spanning the eastern Pacific coast, and two apparently resident populations circumscribed to the Puget Sound and the northern Gulf of California (FST = 0.032, p = 0.036). Cytochrome b sequence data indicated that isolation between the Puget Sound and northern Gulf of California populations from the coastal Pacific were recent phenomena (18.5 kyr for Puget Sound and 40 kyr for the northern Gulf of California). Oceanographic data obtained from the Gulf of California support the hypothesis that permanent fronts within the region, and strong gradients at the entrance to the Gulf of California act as barriers to gene flow. A seascape genetics approach found significant genetic-environment associations, where the daytime sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentrations were the best predictive variables for the observed genetic differentiation. Considering the potential causes of genetic isolation among the three populations, e.g. spawning areas in different latitudes associated with upwelling processes, oceanographic barriers, asymmetric migration and specialized diet, oceanographic barriers appear to be a likely mechanism restricting gene flow.
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0194646
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One</addtitle><date>2018-03-26</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e0194646</spage><epage>e0194646</epage><pages>e0194646-e0194646</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Determining the relative influence of biotic and abiotic factors on genetic connectivity among populations remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology and in the management and conservation of species. North Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) inhabits upwelling regions in the California Current ecosystem from the Gulf of California to the Gulf of Alaska. In this study, we examined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite variation to estimate levels of genetic differentiation of M. productus in relation to the role of oceanographic features as potential barriers to gene flow. Samples were obtained from nine sites spanning a large part of the geographic range of the species, from Puget Sound, Washington to Costa Rica. The microsatellite results revealed three genetically discrete populations: one spanning the eastern Pacific coast, and two apparently resident populations circumscribed to the Puget Sound and the northern Gulf of California (FST = 0.032, p = 0.036). Cytochrome b sequence data indicated that isolation between the Puget Sound and northern Gulf of California populations from the coastal Pacific were recent phenomena (18.5 kyr for Puget Sound and 40 kyr for the northern Gulf of California). Oceanographic data obtained from the Gulf of California support the hypothesis that permanent fronts within the region, and strong gradients at the entrance to the Gulf of California act as barriers to gene flow. A seascape genetics approach found significant genetic-environment associations, where the daytime sea surface temperature and chlorophyll concentrations were the best predictive variables for the observed genetic differentiation. Considering the potential causes of genetic isolation among the three populations, e.g. spawning areas in different latitudes associated with upwelling processes, oceanographic barriers, asymmetric migration and specialized diet, oceanographic barriers appear to be a likely mechanism restricting gene flow.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29579060</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0194646</doi><tpages>e0194646</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2323-2560</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Abiotic factors
Biodiversity
Biological evolution
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
California Current
Chlorophyll
Conservation
Cytochrome
Cytochrome b
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Differentiation
DNA
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Ecosystem biology
Ecosystems
Environmental aspects
Fish
Fisheries
Gene flow
Genetic aspects
Genetic isolation
Genetic structure
Genetics
Hake
Merluccius gayi gayi
Merluccius merluccius
Merluccius productus
Microsatellites
Migration
Mitochondrial DNA
Oceanographic data
Oceanography
Physical oceanography
Population
Population genetics
Populations
Potential barriers
Sea surface temperature
Silver hake
Spawning
Surface temperature
Trends
Upwelling
Wildlife conservation
title Role of oceanography in shaping the genetic structure in the North Pacific hake Merluccius productus
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