The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis
Biomechanics plays an important role helping Paralympic sprinters to excel, having the aerodynamic drag a significant impact on the athlete's performance. The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-r...
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| description | Biomechanics plays an important role helping Paralympic sprinters to excel, having the aerodynamic drag a significant impact on the athlete's performance. The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-ranked wheelchair sprinter was scanned on the racing wheelchair wearing his competition gear and helmet. The sprinter was scanned in three different positions: (i) catch (hands in the 12h position on the hand-rim); (ii) the release (hands in the 18h position on the hand-rim) and; (iii) recovery phase (hands do not touch the hand-rim and are hyperextended backwards). The simulations were performed at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 m/s. The mean viscous and pressure drag components, total drag force and effective area were retrieved after running the numerical simulations. The viscous drag ranged from 3.35 N to 2.94 N, pressure drag from 0.38 N to 5.51 N, total drag force from 0.72 N to 8.45 N and effective area from 0.24 to 0.41 m2. The results pointed out that the sprinter was submitted to less drag in the recovery phase, and higher drag in the catch. These findings suggest the importance of keeping an adequate body alignment to avoid an increase in the drag force. |
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The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-ranked wheelchair sprinter was scanned on the racing wheelchair wearing his competition gear and helmet. The sprinter was scanned in three different positions: (i) catch (hands in the 12h position on the hand-rim); (ii) the release (hands in the 18h position on the hand-rim) and; (iii) recovery phase (hands do not touch the hand-rim and are hyperextended backwards). The simulations were performed at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 m/s. The mean viscous and pressure drag components, total drag force and effective area were retrieved after running the numerical simulations. The viscous drag ranged from 3.35 N to 2.94 N, pressure drag from 0.38 N to 5.51 N, total drag force from 0.72 N to 8.45 N and effective area from 0.24 to 0.41 m2. The results pointed out that the sprinter was submitted to less drag in the recovery phase, and higher drag in the catch. These findings suggest the importance of keeping an adequate body alignment to avoid an increase in the drag force.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193658</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29489904</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Aerodynamic drag ; Aerodynamics ; Air ; Analysis ; Bicycling ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomechanics ; Computational fluid dynamics ; Computer applications ; Computer simulation ; Drag ; Engineering ; Fluid dynamics ; Hand ; Hands ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Kinematics ; Mathematical models ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Models, Biological ; Numerical simulations ; Paralympic Games ; Physical Sciences ; Pressure ; Pressure drag ; Protective equipment ; Racing ; Recovery ; Simulation analysis ; Sports ; Swimming ; Viscous drag ; Wheelchair racing ; Wheelchairs</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-02, Vol.13 (2), p.e0193658-e0193658</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Forte et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-ranked wheelchair sprinter was scanned on the racing wheelchair wearing his competition gear and helmet. The sprinter was scanned in three different positions: (i) catch (hands in the 12h position on the hand-rim); (ii) the release (hands in the 18h position on the hand-rim) and; (iii) recovery phase (hands do not touch the hand-rim and are hyperextended backwards). The simulations were performed at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 m/s. The mean viscous and pressure drag components, total drag force and effective area were retrieved after running the numerical simulations. The viscous drag ranged from 3.35 N to 2.94 N, pressure drag from 0.38 N to 5.51 N, total drag force from 0.72 N to 8.45 N and effective area from 0.24 to 0.41 m2. The results pointed out that the sprinter was submitted to less drag in the recovery phase, and higher drag in the catch. These findings suggest the importance of keeping an adequate body alignment to avoid an increase in the drag force.</description><subject>Aerodynamic drag</subject><subject>Aerodynamics</subject><subject>Air</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bicycling</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Computational fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Computer applications</subject><subject>Computer simulation</subject><subject>Drag</subject><subject>Engineering</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Hand</subject><subject>Hands</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrodynamics</subject><subject>Kinematics</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Mechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Models, Biological</subject><subject>Numerical simulations</subject><subject>Paralympic Games</subject><subject>Physical 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variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis</title><author>Forte, Pedro ; Marinho, Daniel A ; Morais, Jorge E ; Morouço, Pedro G ; Barbosa, Tiago M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c718t-222870c019f29c67b83c8473b376a76203cf5a698e9adcc83f23ee45ccef20fc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Aerodynamic drag</topic><topic>Aerodynamics</topic><topic>Air</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Bicycling</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Computational fluid dynamics</topic><topic>Computer applications</topic><topic>Computer simulation</topic><topic>Drag</topic><topic>Engineering</topic><topic>Fluid 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Yih-Kuen</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-02-28</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0193658</spage><epage>e0193658</epage><pages>e0193658-e0193658</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Biomechanics plays an important role helping Paralympic sprinters to excel, having the aerodynamic drag a significant impact on the athlete's performance. The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-ranked wheelchair sprinter was scanned on the racing wheelchair wearing his competition gear and helmet. The sprinter was scanned in three different positions: (i) catch (hands in the 12h position on the hand-rim); (ii) the release (hands in the 18h position on the hand-rim) and; (iii) recovery phase (hands do not touch the hand-rim and are hyperextended backwards). The simulations were performed at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 m/s. The mean viscous and pressure drag components, total drag force and effective area were retrieved after running the numerical simulations. The viscous drag ranged from 3.35 N to 2.94 N, pressure drag from 0.38 N to 5.51 N, total drag force from 0.72 N to 8.45 N and effective area from 0.24 to 0.41 m2. The results pointed out that the sprinter was submitted to less drag in the recovery phase, and higher drag in the catch. These findings suggest the importance of keeping an adequate body alignment to avoid an increase in the drag force.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29489904</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0193658</doi><tpages>e0193658</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0184-6780</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aerodynamic drag Aerodynamics Air Analysis Bicycling Biology and Life Sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Computational fluid dynamics Computer applications Computer simulation Drag Engineering Fluid dynamics Hand Hands Humans Hydrodynamics Kinematics Mathematical models Mechanical Phenomena Medicine and Health Sciences Models, Biological Numerical simulations Paralympic Games Physical Sciences Pressure Pressure drag Protective equipment Racing Recovery Simulation analysis Sports Swimming Viscous drag Wheelchair racing Wheelchairs |
| title | The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis |
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