Association between HIV status and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in the Southern Highlands Zone, Tanzania: A case-control study
Children and adolescents continue to have HIV/AIDS in southern Saharan Africa. Scaling up of HIV services has significantly improved access to ARV and consequently improved on morbidity and mortality related to HIV/AIDS including opportunistic infection. Despite the above efforts, non-communicable c...
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| description | Children and adolescents continue to have HIV/AIDS in southern Saharan Africa. Scaling up of HIV services has significantly improved access to ARV and consequently improved on morbidity and mortality related to HIV/AIDS including opportunistic infection. Despite the above efforts, non-communicable conditions including mental disorders such as depression have been observed to contribute to the burden of disabilities about which little is documented. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the magnitude of depressive symptoms and the associated factors among HIV-infected children and adolescents.
The study was a matched case-control design involving 300 cases of HIV-infected children matched by age and sex against 600 uninfected controls. Systematic sampling technique was used to select the cases while multistage sampling technique was employed to identify villages/ streets purposive and sampling technique was employed to obtain participants from households.
The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms among the cohort of 900 participants was found to be 12.9%, with 27% of HIV-infected and 5.8% of HIV-uninfected children and adolescents screened positive for depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression revealed that being HIV-infected (AOR 1.96(1.11-3.45)), residing in a rural setting (AOR 0.61(0.39-0.96)) and history of childhood deprivation (AOR 4.76 (2.79-8.13)) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
HIV infected adolescents are more affected by depression compared to non-infected counterparts. Childhood deprivation was significantly associated with presence of depressive symptoms. Integration of mental health evaluation and treatment into the HIV care provided for adolescents can be beneficial. More studies to delineate factors associated with depressed adolescents with HIV may add value to the body of knowledge and overall improvement of care. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0193145 |
| format | Article |
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The study was a matched case-control design involving 300 cases of HIV-infected children matched by age and sex against 600 uninfected controls. Systematic sampling technique was used to select the cases while multistage sampling technique was employed to identify villages/ streets purposive and sampling technique was employed to obtain participants from households.
The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms among the cohort of 900 participants was found to be 12.9%, with 27% of HIV-infected and 5.8% of HIV-uninfected children and adolescents screened positive for depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression revealed that being HIV-infected (AOR 1.96(1.11-3.45)), residing in a rural setting (AOR 0.61(0.39-0.96)) and history of childhood deprivation (AOR 4.76 (2.79-8.13)) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
HIV infected adolescents are more affected by depression compared to non-infected counterparts. Childhood deprivation was significantly associated with presence of depressive symptoms. Integration of mental health evaluation and treatment into the HIV care provided for adolescents can be beneficial. More studies to delineate factors associated with depressed adolescents with HIV may add value to the body of knowledge and overall improvement of care.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193145</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29470512</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; Adolescents ; Adults ; AIDS ; Analysis ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Children ; Depression (Mood disorder) ; Deprivation ; Disabilities ; Health aspects ; HIV ; HIV infections ; Households ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Mental health ; Morbidity ; Opportunist infection ; People and Places ; Physiological aspects ; Psychological aspects ; Risk factors ; Sampling ; Sampling techniques ; Scaling ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; STD ; Studies ; Teenagers</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-02, Vol.13 (2), p.e0193145-e0193145</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Lwidiko et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 Lwidiko et al 2018 Lwidiko et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-526012a9888c3eb21a6ad1819f97c71e8fb35937d4bb05925eddafb2b03787933</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-526012a9888c3eb21a6ad1819f97c71e8fb35937d4bb05925eddafb2b03787933</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6058-6213</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5823441/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5823441/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29470512$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lwidiko, Abraham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kibusi, Stephen Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nyundo, Azan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mpondo, Bonaventura C T</creatorcontrib><title>Association between HIV status and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in the Southern Highlands Zone, Tanzania: A case-control study</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Children and adolescents continue to have HIV/AIDS in southern Saharan Africa. Scaling up of HIV services has significantly improved access to ARV and consequently improved on morbidity and mortality related to HIV/AIDS including opportunistic infection. Despite the above efforts, non-communicable conditions including mental disorders such as depression have been observed to contribute to the burden of disabilities about which little is documented. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the magnitude of depressive symptoms and the associated factors among HIV-infected children and adolescents.
The study was a matched case-control design involving 300 cases of HIV-infected children matched by age and sex against 600 uninfected controls. Systematic sampling technique was used to select the cases while multistage sampling technique was employed to identify villages/ streets purposive and sampling technique was employed to obtain participants from households.
The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms among the cohort of 900 participants was found to be 12.9%, with 27% of HIV-infected and 5.8% of HIV-uninfected children and adolescents screened positive for depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression revealed that being HIV-infected (AOR 1.96(1.11-3.45)), residing in a rural setting (AOR 0.61(0.39-0.96)) and history of childhood deprivation (AOR 4.76 (2.79-8.13)) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
HIV infected adolescents are more affected by depression compared to non-infected counterparts. Childhood deprivation was significantly associated with presence of depressive symptoms. Integration of mental health evaluation and treatment into the HIV care provided for adolescents can be beneficial. More studies to delineate factors associated with depressed adolescents with HIV may add value to the body of knowledge and overall improvement of care.</description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Depression (Mood disorder)</subject><subject>Deprivation</subject><subject>Disabilities</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV infections</subject><subject>Households</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Opportunist infection</subject><subject>People and Places</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Sampling techniques</subject><subject>Scaling</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted 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Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lwidiko, Abraham</au><au>Kibusi, Stephen Matthew</au><au>Nyundo, Azan</au><au>Mpondo, Bonaventura C T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association between HIV status and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in the Southern Highlands Zone, Tanzania: A case-control study</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-02-22</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0193145</spage><epage>e0193145</epage><pages>e0193145-e0193145</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Children and adolescents continue to have HIV/AIDS in southern Saharan Africa. Scaling up of HIV services has significantly improved access to ARV and consequently improved on morbidity and mortality related to HIV/AIDS including opportunistic infection. Despite the above efforts, non-communicable conditions including mental disorders such as depression have been observed to contribute to the burden of disabilities about which little is documented. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the magnitude of depressive symptoms and the associated factors among HIV-infected children and adolescents.
The study was a matched case-control design involving 300 cases of HIV-infected children matched by age and sex against 600 uninfected controls. Systematic sampling technique was used to select the cases while multistage sampling technique was employed to identify villages/ streets purposive and sampling technique was employed to obtain participants from households.
The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms among the cohort of 900 participants was found to be 12.9%, with 27% of HIV-infected and 5.8% of HIV-uninfected children and adolescents screened positive for depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression revealed that being HIV-infected (AOR 1.96(1.11-3.45)), residing in a rural setting (AOR 0.61(0.39-0.96)) and history of childhood deprivation (AOR 4.76 (2.79-8.13)) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms.
HIV infected adolescents are more affected by depression compared to non-infected counterparts. Childhood deprivation was significantly associated with presence of depressive symptoms. Integration of mental health evaluation and treatment into the HIV care provided for adolescents can be beneficial. More studies to delineate factors associated with depressed adolescents with HIV may add value to the body of knowledge and overall improvement of care.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29470512</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0193145</doi><tpages>e0193145</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-6213</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Adolescents Adults AIDS Analysis Biology and Life Sciences Children Depression (Mood disorder) Deprivation Disabilities Health aspects HIV HIV infections Households Human immunodeficiency virus Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Mental disorders Mental health Morbidity Opportunist infection People and Places Physiological aspects Psychological aspects Risk factors Sampling Sampling techniques Scaling Sexually transmitted diseases STD Studies Teenagers |
| title | Association between HIV status and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in the Southern Highlands Zone, Tanzania: A case-control study |
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