Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction
To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestatio...
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| creator | Gumus, Hatice Gulcin Illa, Miriam Pla, Laura Zamora, Monica Crispi, Fatima Gratacos, Eduard |
| description | To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight.
Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups.
Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0193240 |
| format | Article |
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IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight.
Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups.
Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193240</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29466434</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Amnion ; Animals ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomedical research ; Birth weight ; Catheters ; Causes of ; Cesarean section ; Complications and side effects ; Diet therapy ; Dietary supplements ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fetal growth retardation ; Fetal Growth Retardation - pathology ; Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology ; Fetal Growth Retardation - therapy ; Fetal malnutrition ; Fetuses ; Growth rate ; Health risk assessment ; Heart ; Heart diseases ; Hospitals ; Infant mortality ; Injection ; Medicina prenatal ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Methods ; Mortality ; Nutrició ; Nutrient solutions ; Nutrients ; Nutrition ; Nutritional Support - instrumentation ; Nutritional Support - methods ; Parenteral nutrition ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal development ; Prenatal medicine ; Prevention ; Rabbits ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk factors ; Studies ; Survival ; Therapy</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-02, Vol.13 (2), p.e0193240-e0193240</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Gumus et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>cc-by (c) Gumus, Hatice Gulcin et al., 2018 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es</a></rights><rights>2018 Gumus et al 2018 Gumus et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c734t-ed500c9e92e7b641378fbaa4e4fe12505621a03f72838818e3f76736ea0010cc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c734t-ed500c9e92e7b641378fbaa4e4fe12505621a03f72838818e3f76736ea0010cc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1613-1721</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5821379/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5821379/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2095,2914,23846,26953,27903,27904,53769,53771,79346,79347</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29466434$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ashton, Nick</contributor><creatorcontrib>Gumus, Hatice Gulcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Illa, Miriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pla, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamora, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crispi, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gratacos, Eduard</creatorcontrib><title>Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight.
Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups.
Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Amnion</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical research</subject><subject>Birth weight</subject><subject>Catheters</subject><subject>Causes of</subject><subject>Cesarean section</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Diet therapy</subject><subject>Dietary supplements</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fetal growth retardation</subject><subject>Fetal Growth Retardation - pathology</subject><subject>Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology</subject><subject>Fetal Growth Retardation - therapy</subject><subject>Fetal malnutrition</subject><subject>Fetuses</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Heart diseases</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Infant mortality</subject><subject>Injection</subject><subject>Medicina prenatal</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nutrició</subject><subject>Nutrient solutions</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Nutritional Support - instrumentation</subject><subject>Nutritional Support - methods</subject><subject>Parenteral nutrition</subject><subject>Placenta</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Prenatal development</subject><subject>Prenatal medicine</subject><subject>Prevention</subject><subject>Rabbits</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Therapy</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>XX2</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk12L1DAUhoso7rr6D0QLgujFjCcfTTs3wrL4MbC44NdtSNPTmQxtMybp6P5705nuMJW9kFJ6kjznTc-bnCR5TmBOWE7ebWzvOtXMt7bDOZAFoxweJOdDMBMU2MOT-Cx54v0GIGOFEI-TM7rgQnDGzxP9pQ_OBGOjVGq64NRMtZ2xweg0rNGp7W2c1g6VR5_63u3Mbk-mKnWqLE1IW1thk9o6rTHEpZWzv8M6deijsB6UnyaPatV4fDZ-L5IfHz98v_o8u775tLy6vJ7pnPEwwyoD0AtcUMxLwWORRV0qxZHXSGgGmaBEAatzWrCiIAXGUORMoAIgoDW7SF4edLeN9XL0x0sKkBMgBPJILA9EZdVGbp1plbuVVhm5n7BuJZWLpTco84oBqRAAkPICeElyVQrGakUpEcWg9X7crS9brDQO5jUT0elKZ9ZyZXcyK2isbREFyEFA-15LhxqdVmGfeBwML4WcSga5ABZz3oybOvurjxbL1niNTaM6tP2hVk6zIhvQV_-g9zsyUisVizZdbeO_6kFUXma04JSLgkZqfg8Vnwpbo-MFrE2cnyS8nSREJuCfsFK993L57ev_szc_p-zrE3aNqglrb5t-uGZ-CvLRXGe9d1gfD4aAHPrnzg059I8c-yemvTg91GPSXcOwv44_FHA</recordid><startdate>20180221</startdate><enddate>20180221</enddate><creator>Gumus, Hatice Gulcin</creator><creator>Illa, Miriam</creator><creator>Pla, Laura</creator><creator>Zamora, Monica</creator><creator>Crispi, Fatima</creator><creator>Gratacos, Eduard</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>XX2</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-1721</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20180221</creationdate><title>Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction</title><author>Gumus, Hatice Gulcin ; Illa, Miriam ; Pla, Laura ; Zamora, Monica ; Crispi, Fatima ; Gratacos, Eduard</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c734t-ed500c9e92e7b641378fbaa4e4fe12505621a03f72838818e3f76736ea0010cc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Amnion</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedical research</topic><topic>Birth weight</topic><topic>Catheters</topic><topic>Causes of</topic><topic>Cesarean section</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Diet therapy</topic><topic>Dietary supplements</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fetal growth retardation</topic><topic>Fetal Growth Retardation - pathology</topic><topic>Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology</topic><topic>Fetal Growth Retardation - therapy</topic><topic>Fetal malnutrition</topic><topic>Fetuses</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Heart diseases</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Infant mortality</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>Medicina prenatal</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Nutrició</topic><topic>Nutrient solutions</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Nutritional Support - instrumentation</topic><topic>Nutritional Support - methods</topic><topic>Parenteral nutrition</topic><topic>Placenta</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Prenatal development</topic><topic>Prenatal medicine</topic><topic>Prevention</topic><topic>Rabbits</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Therapy</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gumus, Hatice Gulcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Illa, Miriam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pla, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zamora, Monica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crispi, Fatima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gratacos, Eduard</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>Recercat</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gumus, Hatice Gulcin</au><au>Illa, Miriam</au><au>Pla, Laura</au><au>Zamora, Monica</au><au>Crispi, Fatima</au><au>Gratacos, Eduard</au><au>Ashton, Nick</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-02-21</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0193240</spage><epage>e0193240</epage><pages>e0193240-e0193240</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>To evaluate the perinatal effects of a prenatal therapy based on intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
IUGR was surgically induced in pregnant rabbits at gestational day 25 by ligating 40-50% of uteroplacental vessels of each gestational sac. At the same time, modified-parenteral nutrition solution (containing glucose, amino acids and electrolytes) was injected into the amniotic sac of nearly half of the IUGR fetuses (IUGR-T group n = 106), whereas sham injections were performed in the rest of fetuses (IUGR group n = 118). A control group without IUGR induction but sham injection was also included (n = 115). Five days after the ligation procedure, a cesarean section was performed to evaluate fetal cardiac function, survival and birth weight.
Survival was significantly improved in the IUGR fetuses that were treated with intra-amniotic nutritional supplementation as compared to non-treated IUGR animals (survival rate: controls 71% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.003 and IUGR-T 63% vs. IUGR 44% p = 0.02), whereas, birth weight (controls mean 43g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR 36g ± SD 9 vs. IUGR-T 35g ± SD 8, p = 0.001) and fetal cardiac function were similar among the IUGR groups.
Intra-amniotic injection of a modified-parenteral nutrient solution appears to be a promising therapy for reducing mortality among IUGR. These results provide an opportunity to develop new intra-amniotic nutritional strategies to reach the fetus by bypassing the placental insufficiency.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29466434</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0193240</doi><tpages>e0193240</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-1721</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2018-02, Vol.13 (2), p.e0193240-e0193240 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_2007101107 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); Recercat; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Amino acids Amnion Animals Biology and Life Sciences Biomedical research Birth weight Catheters Causes of Cesarean section Complications and side effects Diet therapy Dietary supplements Disease Models, Animal Female Fetal growth retardation Fetal Growth Retardation - pathology Fetal Growth Retardation - physiopathology Fetal Growth Retardation - therapy Fetal malnutrition Fetuses Growth rate Health risk assessment Heart Heart diseases Hospitals Infant mortality Injection Medicina prenatal Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Methods Mortality Nutrició Nutrient solutions Nutrients Nutrition Nutritional Support - instrumentation Nutritional Support - methods Parenteral nutrition Placenta Pregnancy Prenatal development Prenatal medicine Prevention Rabbits Research and Analysis Methods Risk factors Studies Survival Therapy |
| title | Nutritional intra-amniotic therapy increases survival in a rabbit model of fetal growth restriction |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-26T06%3A28%3A32IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nutritional%20intra-amniotic%20therapy%20increases%20survival%20in%20a%20rabbit%20model%20of%20fetal%20growth%20restriction&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Gumus,%20Hatice%20Gulcin&rft.date=2018-02-21&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=e0193240&rft.epage=e0193240&rft.pages=e0193240-e0193240&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0193240&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA528424682%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2007101107&rft_id=info:pmid/29466434&rft_galeid=A528424682&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_7d301de000e24804b17ab633fa221687&rfr_iscdi=true |