Higher serum choline and betaine levels are associated with better body composition in male but not female population
Animal studies proved that choline and betaine have beneficial effect on reducing body fat. However, evidence in humans is scarce. We aim to investigate the association between serum choline and betaine levels with body composition in general population. This is an observational cross-sectional stud...
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| description | Animal studies proved that choline and betaine have beneficial effect on reducing body fat. However, evidence in humans is scarce. We aim to investigate the association between serum choline and betaine levels with body composition in general population.
This is an observational cross-sectional study performed in 1081 subjects from the CODING (Complex Disease in Newfoundland population: Environment and Genetics) study. Serum choline and betaine levels were measured based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technology. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry following a 12-hour fast. Major confounding factors including age, sex, total calorie intake and physical activity level were controlled in all analyses.
Significantly inverse correlations were found between serum betaine levels and all obesity measurements in males (r ranged from -0.12 to -0.23, and p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0193114 |
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This is an observational cross-sectional study performed in 1081 subjects from the CODING (Complex Disease in Newfoundland population: Environment and Genetics) study. Serum choline and betaine levels were measured based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technology. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry following a 12-hour fast. Major confounding factors including age, sex, total calorie intake and physical activity level were controlled in all analyses.
Significantly inverse correlations were found between serum betaine levels and all obesity measurements in males (r ranged from -0.12 to -0.23, and p<0.01 for all) but not in females. Serum choline was negatively associated with total percent body fat (%BF), percent trunk fat (%TF), weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (r ranged from -0.11 to -0.19, and p<0.05 for all) in males and positively associated with weight, BMI and WC (r ranged from 0.09 to 0.10, and p<0.05 for all) in females. The negative associations between serum choline and betaine levels with obesity in males were more profound in those not on any medication than those taking medications. Moreover, obese males had the lowest serum choline and betaine levels, followed by overweight males, and normal weight males having the highest serum choline and betaine levels, especially in those not taking medications (p<0.05). Likewise, subjects with the highest serum levels of both had the lowest obesity indexes, especially those not taking medications.
Higher serum choline and betaine levels were associated with a more favorable body composition (lower body fat and higher lean body mass) in males and the favorable association was more pronounced in non-medication users.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193114</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29462191</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adults ; Analysis ; Betaine ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Body composition ; Body fat ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Body weight ; Choline ; Chromatography ; Correlation analysis ; Cross-sectional studies ; Diabetes ; Disease ; Drugs ; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ; Energy consumption ; Energy measurement ; Exercise ; Females ; Gender differences ; Gene expression ; Genetics ; Hip ; Hormones ; Lean body mass ; Liquid chromatography ; Males ; Mass spectrometry ; Mass spectroscopy ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Middle age ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Physical activity ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Population ; Population genetics ; Population studies ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Serum levels ; Sex differences</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2018-02, Vol.13 (2), p.e0193114-e0193114</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2018 Gao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2018 Gao et al 2018 Gao et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1a53ab8578000d53698d8ce86ad3ede0116407ef63f5f3b7d2939a0ef8b741853</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1a53ab8578000d53698d8ce86ad3ede0116407ef63f5f3b7d2939a0ef8b741853</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4300-0134</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819804/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819804/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,862,883,2098,2917,23853,27911,27912,53778,53780,79357,79358</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29462191$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Ginsberg, Stephen D</contributor><creatorcontrib>Gao, Xiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Randell, Edward</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Haicheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Guang</creatorcontrib><title>Higher serum choline and betaine levels are associated with better body composition in male but not female population</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Animal studies proved that choline and betaine have beneficial effect on reducing body fat. However, evidence in humans is scarce. We aim to investigate the association between serum choline and betaine levels with body composition in general population.
This is an observational cross-sectional study performed in 1081 subjects from the CODING (Complex Disease in Newfoundland population: Environment and Genetics) study. Serum choline and betaine levels were measured based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technology. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry following a 12-hour fast. Major confounding factors including age, sex, total calorie intake and physical activity level were controlled in all analyses.
Significantly inverse correlations were found between serum betaine levels and all obesity measurements in males (r ranged from -0.12 to -0.23, and p<0.01 for all) but not in females. Serum choline was negatively associated with total percent body fat (%BF), percent trunk fat (%TF), weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (r ranged from -0.11 to -0.19, and p<0.05 for all) in males and positively associated with weight, BMI and WC (r ranged from 0.09 to 0.10, and p<0.05 for all) in females. The negative associations between serum choline and betaine levels with obesity in males were more profound in those not on any medication than those taking medications. Moreover, obese males had the lowest serum choline and betaine levels, followed by overweight males, and normal weight males having the highest serum choline and betaine levels, especially in those not taking medications (p<0.05). Likewise, subjects with the highest serum levels of both had the lowest obesity indexes, especially those not taking medications.
Higher serum choline and betaine levels were associated with a more favorable body composition (lower body fat and higher lean body mass) in males and the favorable association was more pronounced in non-medication users.</description><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Betaine</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Body weight</subject><subject>Choline</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Energy measurement</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genetics</subject><subject>Hip</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Lean body mass</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Middle age</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Overweight</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population genetics</subject><subject>Population studies</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Serum levels</subject><subject>Sex 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serum choline and betaine levels are associated with better body composition in male but not female population</title><author>Gao, Xiang ; Randell, Edward ; Zhou, Haicheng ; Sun, Guang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-1a53ab8578000d53698d8ce86ad3ede0116407ef63f5f3b7d2939a0ef8b741853</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adults</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Betaine</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Body composition</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Body mass</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Body size</topic><topic>Body weight</topic><topic>Choline</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry</topic><topic>Energy 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are associated with better body composition in male but not female population</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2018-02-20</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e0193114</spage><epage>e0193114</epage><pages>e0193114-e0193114</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Animal studies proved that choline and betaine have beneficial effect on reducing body fat. However, evidence in humans is scarce. We aim to investigate the association between serum choline and betaine levels with body composition in general population.
This is an observational cross-sectional study performed in 1081 subjects from the CODING (Complex Disease in Newfoundland population: Environment and Genetics) study. Serum choline and betaine levels were measured based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry technology. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry following a 12-hour fast. Major confounding factors including age, sex, total calorie intake and physical activity level were controlled in all analyses.
Significantly inverse correlations were found between serum betaine levels and all obesity measurements in males (r ranged from -0.12 to -0.23, and p<0.01 for all) but not in females. Serum choline was negatively associated with total percent body fat (%BF), percent trunk fat (%TF), weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (r ranged from -0.11 to -0.19, and p<0.05 for all) in males and positively associated with weight, BMI and WC (r ranged from 0.09 to 0.10, and p<0.05 for all) in females. The negative associations between serum choline and betaine levels with obesity in males were more profound in those not on any medication than those taking medications. Moreover, obese males had the lowest serum choline and betaine levels, followed by overweight males, and normal weight males having the highest serum choline and betaine levels, especially in those not taking medications (p<0.05). Likewise, subjects with the highest serum levels of both had the lowest obesity indexes, especially those not taking medications.
Higher serum choline and betaine levels were associated with a more favorable body composition (lower body fat and higher lean body mass) in males and the favorable association was more pronounced in non-medication users.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>29462191</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0193114</doi><tpages>e0193114</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4300-0134</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adults Analysis Betaine Biology and Life Sciences Body composition Body fat Body mass Body mass index Body size Body weight Choline Chromatography Correlation analysis Cross-sectional studies Diabetes Disease Drugs Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry Energy consumption Energy measurement Exercise Females Gender differences Gene expression Genetics Hip Hormones Lean body mass Liquid chromatography Males Mass spectrometry Mass spectroscopy Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Metabolism Metabolites Middle age Obesity Overweight Physical activity Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Population Population genetics Population studies Research and Analysis Methods Serum levels Sex differences |
| title | Higher serum choline and betaine levels are associated with better body composition in male but not female population |
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