The phenology of ticks and the effects of long-term prescribed burning on tick population dynamics in southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida
Some tick populations have increased dramatically in the past several decades leading to an increase in the incidence and emergence of tick-borne diseases. Management strategies that can effectively reduce tick populations while better understanding regional tick phenology is needed. One promising m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-11, Vol.9 (11), p.e112174-e112174 |
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| description | Some tick populations have increased dramatically in the past several decades leading to an increase in the incidence and emergence of tick-borne diseases. Management strategies that can effectively reduce tick populations while better understanding regional tick phenology is needed. One promising management strategy is prescribed burning. However, the efficacy of prescribed burning as a mechanism for tick control is unclear because past studies have provided conflicting data, likely due to a failure of some studies to simulate operational management scenarios and/or account for other predictors of tick abundance. Therefore, our study was conducted to increase knowledge of tick population dynamics relative to long-term prescribed fire management. Furthermore, we targeted a region, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida (USA), in which little is known regarding tick dynamics so that basic phenology could be determined. Twenty-one plots with varying burn regimes (burned surrounded by burned [BB], burned surrounded by unburned [BUB], unburned surrounded by burned [UBB], and unburned surrounded by unburned [UBUB]) were sampled monthly for two years while simultaneously collecting data on variables that can affect tick abundance (e.g., host abundance, vegetation structure, and micro- and macro-climatic conditions). In total, 47,185 ticks were collected, of which, 99% were Amblyomma americanum, 0.7% were Ixodes scapularis, and fewer numbers of Amblyomma maculatum, Ixodes brunneus, and Dermacentor variabilis. Monthly seasonality trends were similar between 2010 and 2011. Long-term prescribed burning consistently and significantly reduced tick counts (overall and specifically for A. americanum and I. scapularis) regardless of the burn regimes and variables evaluated. Tick species composition varied according to burn regime with A. americanum dominating at UBUB, A. maculatum at BB, I. scapularis at UBB, and a more even composition at BUB. These data indicate that regular prescribed burning is an effective tool for reducing tick populations and ultimately may reduce risk of tick-borne disease. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0112174 |
| format | Article |
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Management strategies that can effectively reduce tick populations while better understanding regional tick phenology is needed. One promising management strategy is prescribed burning. However, the efficacy of prescribed burning as a mechanism for tick control is unclear because past studies have provided conflicting data, likely due to a failure of some studies to simulate operational management scenarios and/or account for other predictors of tick abundance. Therefore, our study was conducted to increase knowledge of tick population dynamics relative to long-term prescribed fire management. Furthermore, we targeted a region, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida (USA), in which little is known regarding tick dynamics so that basic phenology could be determined. Twenty-one plots with varying burn regimes (burned surrounded by burned [BB], burned surrounded by unburned [BUB], unburned surrounded by burned [UBB], and unburned surrounded by unburned [UBUB]) were sampled monthly for two years while simultaneously collecting data on variables that can affect tick abundance (e.g., host abundance, vegetation structure, and micro- and macro-climatic conditions). In total, 47,185 ticks were collected, of which, 99% were Amblyomma americanum, 0.7% were Ixodes scapularis, and fewer numbers of Amblyomma maculatum, Ixodes brunneus, and Dermacentor variabilis. Monthly seasonality trends were similar between 2010 and 2011. Long-term prescribed burning consistently and significantly reduced tick counts (overall and specifically for A. americanum and I. scapularis) regardless of the burn regimes and variables evaluated. Tick species composition varied according to burn regime with A. americanum dominating at UBUB, A. maculatum at BB, I. scapularis at UBB, and a more even composition at BUB. These data indicate that regular prescribed burning is an effective tool for reducing tick populations and ultimately may reduce risk of tick-borne disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112174</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25375797</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Abundance ; Acari ; Amblyomma americanum ; Amblyomma maculatum ; Animals ; Arachnids ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Burning ; Climatic conditions ; Controlled burning ; Dermacentor - physiology ; Disease control ; Disease management ; Disease prevention ; Ecology ; Ecosystems ; Fires ; Florida ; Forests ; Georgia ; Health risks ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Ixodes - physiology ; Ixodidae ; Ixodidae - physiology ; Laboratories ; Management ; Management science ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Natural resources ; Parasitic diseases ; Phenology ; Pinus palustris ; Population ; Population biology ; Population Dynamics ; Populations ; Prescribed burning ; Prescribed fire ; Risk reduction ; Seasonal variations ; Seasons ; Species composition ; Strategic planning (Business) ; Studies ; Tick Infestations - prevention & control ; Tick-borne diseases ; Ticks ; Vegetation ; Veterinary colleges ; Veterinary medicine ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-11, Vol.9 (11), p.e112174-e112174</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014. This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c7221755cc459abc612febafd1739199a166eab9b7a97c517d80601c90d27e683</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-c7221755cc459abc612febafd1739199a166eab9b7a97c517d80601c90d27e683</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4223030/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4223030/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2100,2926,23865,27923,27924,53790,53792,79371,79372</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25375797$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Brayton, Kelly A.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Gleim, Elizabeth R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Conner, L Mike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berghaus, Roy D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Levin, Michael L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemtsova, Galina E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yabsley, Michael J</creatorcontrib><title>The phenology of ticks and the effects of long-term prescribed burning on tick population dynamics in southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Some tick populations have increased dramatically in the past several decades leading to an increase in the incidence and emergence of tick-borne diseases. Management strategies that can effectively reduce tick populations while better understanding regional tick phenology is needed. One promising management strategy is prescribed burning. However, the efficacy of prescribed burning as a mechanism for tick control is unclear because past studies have provided conflicting data, likely due to a failure of some studies to simulate operational management scenarios and/or account for other predictors of tick abundance. Therefore, our study was conducted to increase knowledge of tick population dynamics relative to long-term prescribed fire management. Furthermore, we targeted a region, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida (USA), in which little is known regarding tick dynamics so that basic phenology could be determined. Twenty-one plots with varying burn regimes (burned surrounded by burned [BB], burned surrounded by unburned [BUB], unburned surrounded by burned [UBB], and unburned surrounded by unburned [UBUB]) were sampled monthly for two years while simultaneously collecting data on variables that can affect tick abundance (e.g., host abundance, vegetation structure, and micro- and macro-climatic conditions). In total, 47,185 ticks were collected, of which, 99% were Amblyomma americanum, 0.7% were Ixodes scapularis, and fewer numbers of Amblyomma maculatum, Ixodes brunneus, and Dermacentor variabilis. Monthly seasonality trends were similar between 2010 and 2011. Long-term prescribed burning consistently and significantly reduced tick counts (overall and specifically for A. americanum and I. scapularis) regardless of the burn regimes and variables evaluated. Tick species composition varied according to burn regime with A. americanum dominating at UBUB, A. maculatum at BB, I. scapularis at UBB, and a more even composition at BUB. These data indicate that regular prescribed burning is an effective tool for reducing tick populations and ultimately may reduce risk of tick-borne disease.</description><subject>Abundance</subject><subject>Acari</subject><subject>Amblyomma americanum</subject><subject>Amblyomma maculatum</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arachnids</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Burning</subject><subject>Climatic conditions</subject><subject>Controlled burning</subject><subject>Dermacentor - physiology</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Disease management</subject><subject>Disease prevention</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Fires</subject><subject>Florida</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>Georgia</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Host-Parasite Interactions</subject><subject>Ixodes - physiology</subject><subject>Ixodidae</subject><subject>Ixodidae - physiology</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Management</subject><subject>Management science</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Natural resources</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Phenology</subject><subject>Pinus palustris</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Population biology</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Populations</subject><subject>Prescribed burning</subject><subject>Prescribed fire</subject><subject>Risk reduction</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Species composition</subject><subject>Strategic planning (Business)</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tick Infestations - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gleim, Elizabeth R</au><au>Conner, L Mike</au><au>Berghaus, Roy D</au><au>Levin, Michael L</au><au>Zemtsova, Galina E</au><au>Yabsley, Michael J</au><au>Brayton, Kelly A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The phenology of ticks and the effects of long-term prescribed burning on tick population dynamics in southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-11-06</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>e112174</spage><epage>e112174</epage><pages>e112174-e112174</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Some tick populations have increased dramatically in the past several decades leading to an increase in the incidence and emergence of tick-borne diseases. Management strategies that can effectively reduce tick populations while better understanding regional tick phenology is needed. One promising management strategy is prescribed burning. However, the efficacy of prescribed burning as a mechanism for tick control is unclear because past studies have provided conflicting data, likely due to a failure of some studies to simulate operational management scenarios and/or account for other predictors of tick abundance. Therefore, our study was conducted to increase knowledge of tick population dynamics relative to long-term prescribed fire management. Furthermore, we targeted a region, southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida (USA), in which little is known regarding tick dynamics so that basic phenology could be determined. Twenty-one plots with varying burn regimes (burned surrounded by burned [BB], burned surrounded by unburned [BUB], unburned surrounded by burned [UBB], and unburned surrounded by unburned [UBUB]) were sampled monthly for two years while simultaneously collecting data on variables that can affect tick abundance (e.g., host abundance, vegetation structure, and micro- and macro-climatic conditions). In total, 47,185 ticks were collected, of which, 99% were Amblyomma americanum, 0.7% were Ixodes scapularis, and fewer numbers of Amblyomma maculatum, Ixodes brunneus, and Dermacentor variabilis. Monthly seasonality trends were similar between 2010 and 2011. Long-term prescribed burning consistently and significantly reduced tick counts (overall and specifically for A. americanum and I. scapularis) regardless of the burn regimes and variables evaluated. Tick species composition varied according to burn regime with A. americanum dominating at UBUB, A. maculatum at BB, I. scapularis at UBB, and a more even composition at BUB. These data indicate that regular prescribed burning is an effective tool for reducing tick populations and ultimately may reduce risk of tick-borne disease.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25375797</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0112174</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1979937272 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Abundance Acari Amblyomma americanum Amblyomma maculatum Animals Arachnids Biology and Life Sciences Burning Climatic conditions Controlled burning Dermacentor - physiology Disease control Disease management Disease prevention Ecology Ecosystems Fires Florida Forests Georgia Health risks Host-Parasite Interactions Ixodes - physiology Ixodidae Ixodidae - physiology Laboratories Management Management science Medicine and Health Sciences Natural resources Parasitic diseases Phenology Pinus palustris Population Population biology Population Dynamics Populations Prescribed burning Prescribed fire Risk reduction Seasonal variations Seasons Species composition Strategic planning (Business) Studies Tick Infestations - prevention & control Tick-borne diseases Ticks Vegetation Veterinary colleges Veterinary medicine Zoonoses |
| title | The phenology of ticks and the effects of long-term prescribed burning on tick population dynamics in southwestern Georgia and northwestern Florida |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-13T00%3A20%3A25IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20phenology%20of%20ticks%20and%20the%20effects%20of%20long-term%20prescribed%20burning%20on%20tick%20population%20dynamics%20in%20southwestern%20Georgia%20and%20northwestern%20Florida&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Gleim,%20Elizabeth%20R&rft.date=2014-11-06&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=e112174&rft.epage=e112174&rft.pages=e112174-e112174&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112174&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA418706975%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1979937272&rft_id=info:pmid/25375797&rft_galeid=A418706975&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_21e4a932ac87438ebb5f1804dc455a20&rfr_iscdi=true |