Perceptual simulation in gender categorization: associations between gender, vertical height, and spatial size
The current studies extend perceptual symbol systems theory to the processing of gender categorization by revealing that gender categorization recruits perceptual simulations of spatial height and size dimensions. In study 1, categorization of male faces were faster when the faces were in the "...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2014-02, Vol.9 (2), p.e89768-e89768 |
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| creator | Zhang, Xiaobin Li, Qiong Eskine, Kendall J Zuo, Bin |
| description | The current studies extend perceptual symbol systems theory to the processing of gender categorization by revealing that gender categorization recruits perceptual simulations of spatial height and size dimensions. In study 1, categorization of male faces were faster when the faces were in the "up" (i.e., higher on the vertical axis) rather than the "down" (i.e., lower on the vertical axis) position and vice versa for female face categorization. Study 2 found that responses to male names depicted in larger font were faster than male names depicted in smaller font, whereas opposite response patterns were given for female names. Study 3 confirmed that the effect in Study 2 was not due to metaphoric relationships between gender and social power. Together, these findings suggest that representation of gender (social categorization) also involves processes of perceptual simulation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0089768 |
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Together, these findings suggest that representation of gender (social categorization) also involves processes of perceptual simulation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089768</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24587022</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Attitudes ; China ; Classification ; Cognition & reasoning ; Committees ; Discrimination (Psychology) - physiology ; Face - anatomy & histology ; Female ; Females ; Gender differences ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Male ; Males ; Models, Psychological ; Names ; Normal distribution ; Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology ; Personality ; Power ; Reaction Time ; Simulation ; Social and Behavioral Sciences ; Social psychology ; Space Perception - physiology ; Stereotypes ; Studies ; Symbolism ; System theory ; Systems theory ; Vertical orientation ; Women</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-02, Vol.9 (2), p.e89768-e89768</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Zhang et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Together, these findings suggest that representation of gender (social categorization) also involves processes of perceptual simulation.</description><subject>Attitudes</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Committees</subject><subject>Discrimination (Psychology) - physiology</subject><subject>Face - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Gender differences</subject><subject>Gender Identity</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Males</subject><subject>Models, Psychological</subject><subject>Names</subject><subject>Normal distribution</subject><subject>Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology</subject><subject>Personality</subject><subject>Power</subject><subject>Reaction Time</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Social and Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Social psychology</subject><subject>Space Perception - physiology</subject><subject>Stereotypes</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Symbolism</subject><subject>System theory</subject><subject>Systems theory</subject><subject>Vertical orientation</subject><subject>Women</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk21rFDEQxxdRbK1-A9EFQRR6Z552k_hCKMWHg0JFi29DNju3l7K3OZNs1X56s3d75Vb6QvIiyeQ3_8lMMln2HKM5phy_u3a973Q737gO5ggJyUvxIDvGkpJZSRB9eLA-yp6EcI1QQUVZPs6OCCsER4QcZ91X8AY2sddtHuy6b3W0rsttlzfQ1eBzoyM0ztvb7cH7XIfgjN1uQl5B_AWwZ0_zG_DRmiS1Atus4mmuuzoPm0Rv5W_hafZoqdsAz8b5JLv69PHq_Mvs4vLz4vzsYmZKSeIMjMSFoQRzXYFhqEJG6FImM6VIYCYKY2hZIFIBx0uJES4AOBdYEkoLRk-ylzvZTeuCGisVFJacF4WgiCRisSNqp6_Vxtu19n-U01ZtDc43Sg-5tKBoXVaGCCyqSjIia8kZlgIxxmnFMBJJ68MYra_WUBvootftRHR60tmVatyNopIySYbrvhkFvPvZQ4hqbYOBttUduD7du0AMFwxxntBX_6D3ZzdSjU4J2G7pUlwziKozxgWXhNMh7PweKo0a1takb7W0yT5xeDtxSEyE37HRfQhq8f3b_7OXP6bs6wN2BbqNq-DafvvJpiDbgca7EDws74qMkRq6Yl8NNXSFGrsiub04fKA7p30b0L9aNAcY</recordid><startdate>20140225</startdate><enddate>20140225</enddate><creator>Zhang, Xiaobin</creator><creator>Li, Qiong</creator><creator>Eskine, Kendall J</creator><creator>Zuo, Bin</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140225</creationdate><title>Perceptual simulation in gender categorization: associations between gender, vertical height, and spatial size</title><author>Zhang, Xiaobin ; Li, Qiong ; Eskine, Kendall J ; Zuo, Bin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-ec915c3217abec40b0c8a69ec933081485cc36502be71f91015ee77819233543</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Attitudes</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Committees</topic><topic>Discrimination (Psychology) - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Xiaobin</au><au>Li, Qiong</au><au>Eskine, Kendall J</au><au>Zuo, Bin</au><au>Allen, Philip</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Perceptual simulation in gender categorization: associations between gender, vertical height, and spatial size</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-02-25</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e89768</spage><epage>e89768</epage><pages>e89768-e89768</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>The current studies extend perceptual symbol systems theory to the processing of gender categorization by revealing that gender categorization recruits perceptual simulations of spatial height and size dimensions. In study 1, categorization of male faces were faster when the faces were in the "up" (i.e., higher on the vertical axis) rather than the "down" (i.e., lower on the vertical axis) position and vice versa for female face categorization. Study 2 found that responses to male names depicted in larger font were faster than male names depicted in smaller font, whereas opposite response patterns were given for female names. Study 3 confirmed that the effect in Study 2 was not due to metaphoric relationships between gender and social power. Together, these findings suggest that representation of gender (social categorization) also involves processes of perceptual simulation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24587022</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0089768</doi><tpages>e89768</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Attitudes China Classification Cognition & reasoning Committees Discrimination (Psychology) - physiology Face - anatomy & histology Female Females Gender differences Gender Identity Humans Male Males Models, Psychological Names Normal distribution Pattern Recognition, Visual - physiology Personality Power Reaction Time Simulation Social and Behavioral Sciences Social psychology Space Perception - physiology Stereotypes Studies Symbolism System theory Systems theory Vertical orientation Women |
| title | Perceptual simulation in gender categorization: associations between gender, vertical height, and spatial size |
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