Genetic structure and hierarchical population divergence history of Acer mono var. mono in South and Northeast China

Knowledge of the genetic structure and evolutionary history of tree species across their ranges is essential for the development of effective conservation and forest management strategies. Acer mono var. mono, an economically and ecologically important maple species, is extensively distributed in No...

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Veröffentlicht in:PloS one 2014-01, Vol.9 (1), p.e87187-e87187
Hauptverfasser: Liu, Chunping, Tsuda, Yoshiaki, Shen, Hailong, Hu, Lijiang, Saito, Yoko, Ide, Yuji
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Tsuda, Yoshiaki
Shen, Hailong
Hu, Lijiang
Saito, Yoko
Ide, Yuji
description Knowledge of the genetic structure and evolutionary history of tree species across their ranges is essential for the development of effective conservation and forest management strategies. Acer mono var. mono, an economically and ecologically important maple species, is extensively distributed in Northeast China (NE), whereas it has a scattered and patchy distribution in South China (SC). In this study, the genetic structure and demographic history of 56 natural populations of A. mono var. mono were evaluated using seven nuclear microsatellite markers. Neighbor-joining tree and STRUCTURE analysis clearly separated populations into NE and SC groups with two admixed-like populations. Allelic richness significantly decreased with increasing latitude within the NE group while both allelic richness and expected heterozygosity showed significant positive correlation with latitude within the SC group. Especially in the NE region, previous studies in Quercus mongolica and Fraxinus mandshurica have also detected reductions in genetic diversity with increases in latitude, suggesting this pattern may be common for tree species in this region, probably due to expansion from single refugium following the last glacial maximum (LGM). Approximate Bayesian Computation-based analysis revealed two major features of hierarchical population divergence in the species' evolutionary history. Recent divergence between the NE group and the admixed-like group corresponded to the LGM period and ancient divergence of SC groups took place during mid-late Pleistocene period. The level of genetic differentiation was moderate (FST  = 0.073; G'ST  = 0.278) among all populations, but significantly higher in the SC group than the NE group, mirroring the species' more scattered distribution in SC. Conservation measures for this species are proposed, taking into account the genetic structure and past demographic history identified in this study.
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Acer mono var. mono, an economically and ecologically important maple species, is extensively distributed in Northeast China (NE), whereas it has a scattered and patchy distribution in South China (SC). In this study, the genetic structure and demographic history of 56 natural populations of A. mono var. mono were evaluated using seven nuclear microsatellite markers. Neighbor-joining tree and STRUCTURE analysis clearly separated populations into NE and SC groups with two admixed-like populations. Allelic richness significantly decreased with increasing latitude within the NE group while both allelic richness and expected heterozygosity showed significant positive correlation with latitude within the SC group. Especially in the NE region, previous studies in Quercus mongolica and Fraxinus mandshurica have also detected reductions in genetic diversity with increases in latitude, suggesting this pattern may be common for tree species in this region, probably due to expansion from single refugium following the last glacial maximum (LGM). Approximate Bayesian Computation-based analysis revealed two major features of hierarchical population divergence in the species' evolutionary history. Recent divergence between the NE group and the admixed-like group corresponded to the LGM period and ancient divergence of SC groups took place during mid-late Pleistocene period. The level of genetic differentiation was moderate (FST  = 0.073; G'ST  = 0.278) among all populations, but significantly higher in the SC group than the NE group, mirroring the species' more scattered distribution in SC. 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Acer mono var. mono, an economically and ecologically important maple species, is extensively distributed in Northeast China (NE), whereas it has a scattered and patchy distribution in South China (SC). In this study, the genetic structure and demographic history of 56 natural populations of A. mono var. mono were evaluated using seven nuclear microsatellite markers. Neighbor-joining tree and STRUCTURE analysis clearly separated populations into NE and SC groups with two admixed-like populations. Allelic richness significantly decreased with increasing latitude within the NE group while both allelic richness and expected heterozygosity showed significant positive correlation with latitude within the SC group. Especially in the NE region, previous studies in Quercus mongolica and Fraxinus mandshurica have also detected reductions in genetic diversity with increases in latitude, suggesting this pattern may be common for tree species in this region, probably due to expansion from single refugium following the last glacial maximum (LGM). Approximate Bayesian Computation-based analysis revealed two major features of hierarchical population divergence in the species' evolutionary history. Recent divergence between the NE group and the admixed-like group corresponded to the LGM period and ancient divergence of SC groups took place during mid-late Pleistocene period. The level of genetic differentiation was moderate (FST  = 0.073; G'ST  = 0.278) among all populations, but significantly higher in the SC group than the NE group, mirroring the species' more scattered distribution in SC. Conservation measures for this species are proposed, taking into account the genetic structure and past demographic history identified in this study.</description><subject>Acer - classification</subject><subject>Acer - genetics</subject><subject>Acer - growth &amp; development</subject><subject>Acer pictum mono</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Bayesian analysis</subject><subject>Biological evolution</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Chinese history</subject><subject>Cluster Analysis</subject><subject>Conservation</subject><subject>Conservation of Natural Resources - methods</subject><subject>Demographics</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Divergence</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Ecosystem biology</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental management</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Evolutionary biology</subject><subject>Evolutionary genetics</subject><subject>Flowers &amp; plants</subject><subject>Forest management</subject><subject>Forestry</subject><subject>Forestry - 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classification</topic><topic>Acer - genetics</topic><topic>Acer - growth &amp; development</topic><topic>Acer pictum mono</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Bayesian analysis</topic><topic>Biological evolution</topic><topic>Biology</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Chinese history</topic><topic>Cluster Analysis</topic><topic>Conservation</topic><topic>Conservation of Natural Resources - methods</topic><topic>Demographics</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Divergence</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Ecosystem biology</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>Environmental management</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Evolutionary biology</topic><topic>Evolutionary genetics</topic><topic>Flowers &amp; plants</topic><topic>Forest management</topic><topic>Forestry</topic><topic>Forestry - methods</topic><topic>Genetic diversity</topic><topic>Genetic markers</topic><topic>Genetic structure</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>Genetics, Population</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Geography</topic><topic>Heterozygosity</topic><topic>History</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Last Glacial Maximum</topic><topic>Latitude</topic><topic>Life sciences</topic><topic>Microsatellite Repeats - 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Acer mono var. mono, an economically and ecologically important maple species, is extensively distributed in Northeast China (NE), whereas it has a scattered and patchy distribution in South China (SC). In this study, the genetic structure and demographic history of 56 natural populations of A. mono var. mono were evaluated using seven nuclear microsatellite markers. Neighbor-joining tree and STRUCTURE analysis clearly separated populations into NE and SC groups with two admixed-like populations. Allelic richness significantly decreased with increasing latitude within the NE group while both allelic richness and expected heterozygosity showed significant positive correlation with latitude within the SC group. Especially in the NE region, previous studies in Quercus mongolica and Fraxinus mandshurica have also detected reductions in genetic diversity with increases in latitude, suggesting this pattern may be common for tree species in this region, probably due to expansion from single refugium following the last glacial maximum (LGM). Approximate Bayesian Computation-based analysis revealed two major features of hierarchical population divergence in the species' evolutionary history. Recent divergence between the NE group and the admixed-like group corresponded to the LGM period and ancient divergence of SC groups took place during mid-late Pleistocene period. The level of genetic differentiation was moderate (FST  = 0.073; G'ST  = 0.278) among all populations, but significantly higher in the SC group than the NE group, mirroring the species' more scattered distribution in SC. Conservation measures for this species are proposed, taking into account the genetic structure and past demographic history identified in this study.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>24498039</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0087187</doi><tpages>e87187</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acer - classification
Acer - genetics
Acer - growth & development
Acer pictum mono
Analysis
Bayesian analysis
Biological evolution
Biology
China
Chinese history
Cluster Analysis
Conservation
Conservation of Natural Resources - methods
Demographics
Demography
Divergence
Ecology
Ecosystem biology
Ecosystems
Environmental management
Evolution
Evolutionary biology
Evolutionary genetics
Flowers & plants
Forest management
Forestry
Forestry - methods
Genetic diversity
Genetic markers
Genetic structure
Genetic Variation
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title Genetic structure and hierarchical population divergence history of Acer mono var. mono in South and Northeast China
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