Effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells
To investigate the effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viabil...
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| creator | Park, Joo-Hee Kim, Moosang Oh, Jong-Hyun |
| description | To investigate the effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells cultured under hypoxic conditions.
RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was measured by a PrestoBlue assay. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), binding protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78), and C/EBP homologous protein-10 (CHOP) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BiP/GRP78 and CHOP protein levels in the cells were assessed by western blot. VEGF protein in the media was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Under hypoxic conditions, cell viability decreased and mRNA and protein levels of VEGF, BiP/GRP78, and CHOP increased compared to those under normoxic conditions. Bevacizumab improved cell viability and reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA under hypoxic conditions. Bevacizumab also reduced the expression of both mRNA and protein of two ER stress indicators, BiP/GRP78 and CHOP, under hypoxic conditions.
Bevacizumab mitigated ER stress in human RPE cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. This effect may be involved in the improved cell viability and reduction of VEGF expression after bevacizumab treatment of hypoxic RPE cells in vitro. However, the effects of bevacizumab on RPE cells under experimental conditions are unlikely to be clinically equivalent to those in the human eye. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0179048 |
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RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was measured by a PrestoBlue assay. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), binding protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78), and C/EBP homologous protein-10 (CHOP) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BiP/GRP78 and CHOP protein levels in the cells were assessed by western blot. VEGF protein in the media was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Under hypoxic conditions, cell viability decreased and mRNA and protein levels of VEGF, BiP/GRP78, and CHOP increased compared to those under normoxic conditions. Bevacizumab improved cell viability and reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA under hypoxic conditions. Bevacizumab also reduced the expression of both mRNA and protein of two ER stress indicators, BiP/GRP78 and CHOP, under hypoxic conditions.
Bevacizumab mitigated ER stress in human RPE cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. This effect may be involved in the improved cell viability and reduction of VEGF expression after bevacizumab treatment of hypoxic RPE cells in vitro. However, the effects of bevacizumab on RPE cells under experimental conditions are unlikely to be clinically equivalent to those in the human eye.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179048</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28591217</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Age ; Angiogenesis ; Anoxia ; Apoptosis ; Assaying ; Bevacizumab ; Bevacizumab - administration & dosage ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Carrier Proteins ; CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Cells, Cultured - drug effects ; CHOP protein ; Complications and side effects ; Dosage and administration ; Endoplasmic reticulum ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Equivalence ; Experiments ; Eye ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects ; Genetic aspects ; Glucose ; Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis ; Homeostasis ; Homology ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Immunotherapy ; In vitro methods and tests ; Indicators ; Macular degeneration ; Media ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Monoclonal antibodies ; mRNA ; Oxidative stress ; Physical Sciences ; Physiological aspects ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Proteins ; Real time ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Retina ; Retinal pigment epithelium ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium - drug effects ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium - metabolism ; Retinal Pigments - metabolism ; Rodents ; Stresses ; Time measurement ; Transcription Factor CHOP - biosynthesis ; Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - biosynthesis</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2017-06, Vol.12 (6), p.e0179048-e0179048</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Park et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2017 Park et al 2017 Park et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-da9ae0003d6233b61e697b10fb1045e2b75d2d3c4cf6f147b3f2a64f19d78e883</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-da9ae0003d6233b61e697b10fb1045e2b75d2d3c4cf6f147b3f2a64f19d78e883</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5658-7635</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5462411/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5462411/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2100,2926,23864,27922,27923,53789,53791,79370,79371</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28591217$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Pizzo, Salvatore V.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Park, Joo-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Moosang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Jong-Hyun</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>To investigate the effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells cultured under hypoxic conditions.
RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was measured by a PrestoBlue assay. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), binding protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78), and C/EBP homologous protein-10 (CHOP) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BiP/GRP78 and CHOP protein levels in the cells were assessed by western blot. VEGF protein in the media was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Under hypoxic conditions, cell viability decreased and mRNA and protein levels of VEGF, BiP/GRP78, and CHOP increased compared to those under normoxic conditions. Bevacizumab improved cell viability and reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA under hypoxic conditions. Bevacizumab also reduced the expression of both mRNA and protein of two ER stress indicators, BiP/GRP78 and CHOP, under hypoxic conditions.
Bevacizumab mitigated ER stress in human RPE cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. This effect may be involved in the improved cell viability and reduction of VEGF expression after bevacizumab treatment of hypoxic RPE cells in vitro. However, the effects of bevacizumab on RPE cells under experimental conditions are unlikely to be clinically equivalent to those in the human eye.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>Angiogenesis</subject><subject>Anoxia</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Assaying</subject><subject>Bevacizumab</subject><subject>Bevacizumab - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Carrier Proteins</subject><subject>CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein</subject><subject>Cell Survival - drug effects</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured - drug effects</subject><subject>CHOP protein</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Dosage and administration</subject><subject>Endoplasmic reticulum</subject><subject>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects</subject><subject>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Equivalence</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Homology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Immunotherapy</subject><subject>In vitro methods and tests</subject><subject>Indicators</subject><subject>Macular degeneration</subject><subject>Media</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Monoclonal antibodies</subject><subject>mRNA</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Real time</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Retina</subject><subject>Retinal pigment epithelium</subject><subject>Retinal Pigment Epithelium - drug effects</subject><subject>Retinal Pigment Epithelium - metabolism</subject><subject>Retinal Pigments - metabolism</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Stresses</subject><subject>Time measurement</subject><subject>Transcription Factor CHOP - biosynthesis</subject><subject>Vascular endothelial growth factor</subject><subject>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - biosynthesis</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk12L1DAUhoso7jr6D0QLgujFjPlq0twIy7LqwMKCX7chzcdMhrSpTbrs-uvNON1lKnshpbScPOdNzntyiuIlBCuIGfywC-PQSb_qQ2dWADIOSP2oOIUcoyVFAD8--j8pnsW4A6DCNaVPixNUVxwiyE6L5sJao1Isgy0bcy2V-z22silDV5pOh97L2DpVDiY5NfqxLWMaTIyl68rtbR9uprV8kLJ3m9Z0qTS9S1vjXQ4p4318Xjyx0kfzYvouih-fLr6ff1leXn1en59dLhXlKC215NIAALCmCOOGQkM5ayCw-SWVQQ2rNNJYEWWphYQ12CJJiYVcs9rUNV4Urw-6vQ9RTPZEATlgCLGKs0ysD4QOcif6wbVyuBVBOvE3EIaNkEMu1BvBpUaUUY1tTQmGstHIylphpjTjxPKs9XHabWxao1WufJB-Jjpf6dxWbMK1qAhFBMIs8G4SGMKv0cQkWhf3hsnOhPFwbowwyY4sijf_oA9XN1EbmQtwnQ15X7UXFWeEE1rn3u-1Vg9Q-dEmNzrfJetyfJbwfpaQmWRu0kaOMYr1t6__z179nLNvj9itkT5tY_BjcqGLc5AcQDWEGAdj702GQOxH4c4NsR8FMY1CTnt13KD7pLu7j_8APi0FBQ</recordid><startdate>20170607</startdate><enddate>20170607</enddate><creator>Park, Joo-Hee</creator><creator>Kim, Moosang</creator><creator>Oh, Jong-Hyun</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5658-7635</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170607</creationdate><title>Effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells</title><author>Park, Joo-Hee ; Kim, Moosang ; Oh, Jong-Hyun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-da9ae0003d6233b61e697b10fb1045e2b75d2d3c4cf6f147b3f2a64f19d78e883</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>Angiogenesis</topic><topic>Anoxia</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Assaying</topic><topic>Bevacizumab</topic><topic>Bevacizumab - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Carrier Proteins</topic><topic>CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein</topic><topic>Cell Survival - drug effects</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured - drug effects</topic><topic>CHOP protein</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Dosage and administration</topic><topic>Endoplasmic reticulum</topic><topic>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects</topic><topic>Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>Equivalence</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Eye</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Homology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Immunotherapy</topic><topic>In vitro methods and tests</topic><topic>Indicators</topic><topic>Macular degeneration</topic><topic>Media</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Monoclonal antibodies</topic><topic>mRNA</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Physical Sciences</topic><topic>Physiological aspects</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Real time</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Retina</topic><topic>Retinal pigment epithelium</topic><topic>Retinal Pigment Epithelium - drug effects</topic><topic>Retinal Pigment Epithelium - metabolism</topic><topic>Retinal Pigments - metabolism</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Stresses</topic><topic>Time measurement</topic><topic>Transcription Factor CHOP - biosynthesis</topic><topic>Vascular endothelial growth factor</topic><topic>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - biosynthesis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Park, Joo-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Moosang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Jong-Hyun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Park, Joo-Hee</au><au>Kim, Moosang</au><au>Oh, Jong-Hyun</au><au>Pizzo, Salvatore V.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2017-06-07</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>e0179048</spage><epage>e0179048</epage><pages>e0179048-e0179048</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>To investigate the effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells cultured under hypoxic conditions.
RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was measured by a PrestoBlue assay. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), binding protein/glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/GRP78), and C/EBP homologous protein-10 (CHOP) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). BiP/GRP78 and CHOP protein levels in the cells were assessed by western blot. VEGF protein in the media was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Under hypoxic conditions, cell viability decreased and mRNA and protein levels of VEGF, BiP/GRP78, and CHOP increased compared to those under normoxic conditions. Bevacizumab improved cell viability and reduced the expression of VEGF mRNA under hypoxic conditions. Bevacizumab also reduced the expression of both mRNA and protein of two ER stress indicators, BiP/GRP78 and CHOP, under hypoxic conditions.
Bevacizumab mitigated ER stress in human RPE cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. This effect may be involved in the improved cell viability and reduction of VEGF expression after bevacizumab treatment of hypoxic RPE cells in vitro. However, the effects of bevacizumab on RPE cells under experimental conditions are unlikely to be clinically equivalent to those in the human eye.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28591217</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0179048</doi><tpages>e0179048</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5658-7635</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2017-06, Vol.12 (6), p.e0179048-e0179048 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1907227597 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Age Angiogenesis Anoxia Apoptosis Assaying Bevacizumab Bevacizumab - administration & dosage Biology and Life Sciences Carrier Proteins CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein Cell Survival - drug effects Cells, Cultured - drug effects CHOP protein Complications and side effects Dosage and administration Endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - drug effects Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - genetics Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Equivalence Experiments Eye Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Genetic aspects Glucose Heat-Shock Proteins - biosynthesis Homeostasis Homology Humans Hypoxia Immunotherapy In vitro methods and tests Indicators Macular degeneration Media Medicine and Health Sciences Monoclonal antibodies mRNA Oxidative stress Physical Sciences Physiological aspects Polymerase chain reaction Proteins Real time Research and Analysis Methods Retina Retinal pigment epithelium Retinal Pigment Epithelium - drug effects Retinal Pigment Epithelium - metabolism Retinal Pigments - metabolism Rodents Stresses Time measurement Transcription Factor CHOP - biosynthesis Vascular endothelial growth factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - biosynthesis |
| title | Effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum stress in hypoxic retinal pigment epithelial cells |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-13T19%3A22%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects%20of%20bevacizumab%20on%20endoplasmic%20reticulum%20stress%20in%20hypoxic%20retinal%20pigment%20epithelial%20cells&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Park,%20Joo-Hee&rft.date=2017-06-07&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=e0179048&rft.epage=e0179048&rft.pages=e0179048-e0179048&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0179048&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA494688660%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1907227597&rft_id=info:pmid/28591217&rft_galeid=A494688660&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_9ad2676d3f86431abd2fa8c37cd794f9&rfr_iscdi=true |