A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria
The vapor phase of the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin incapacitates mosquitoes and prevents them from feeding. Although existing emanator products for delivering volatile pyrethroids protect against outdoor mosquito bites, they are too short-lived to be practical or affordable for routine use in...
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| creator | Ogoma, Sheila B Mmando, Arnold S Swai, Johnson K Horstmann, Sebastian Malone, David Killeen, Gerry F |
| description | The vapor phase of the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin incapacitates mosquitoes and prevents them from feeding. Although existing emanator products for delivering volatile pyrethroids protect against outdoor mosquito bites, they are too short-lived to be practical or affordable for routine use in low-income settings. New transfluthrin emanators, comprised simply of treated hessian fabric strips, have recently proven highly protective against outdoor-biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria, but their full protective lifespan, minimum dose requirements, and range of protection have not previously been assessed.
The effects of transfluthrin-treated hessian strips upon mosquito biting exposure of users and nearby non-users, as well as dependence of protection upon treatment dose, were measured outdoors in rural Tanzania using human landing catches (HLC).
Strips treated with 10ml of transfluthrin prevented at least three quarters (p < 0.001) of outdoor bites by Anopheles arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes, and >90% protection against bites on warmer nights with higher evaporation rates, for at least one year. Strips treated with this high dose also reduced biting exposure of non-users at a distance of up to 5m from the strips for An. arabiensis (p < 0.001) and up to 2m for Mansonia spp. (p = 0.008), but provided no protection to non-users against Culex spp. No evidence of increased risk for non-users, caused by diversion of mosquitoes to unprotected individuals, was found at any distance within an 80m radius. A dose of only 1ml provided equivalent protection to the 10ml dose against An. arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes over 6 months (p < 0.001).
Transfluthrin-treated hessian emanators provide safe, affordable, long-term protection against several different pathogen-transmitting mosquito taxa that attack humans outdoors, where they are usually active and cannot be protected by bed nets or residual sprays with conventional, solid-phase insecticides. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455 |
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The effects of transfluthrin-treated hessian strips upon mosquito biting exposure of users and nearby non-users, as well as dependence of protection upon treatment dose, were measured outdoors in rural Tanzania using human landing catches (HLC).
Strips treated with 10ml of transfluthrin prevented at least three quarters (p < 0.001) of outdoor bites by Anopheles arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes, and >90% protection against bites on warmer nights with higher evaporation rates, for at least one year. Strips treated with this high dose also reduced biting exposure of non-users at a distance of up to 5m from the strips for An. arabiensis (p < 0.001) and up to 2m for Mansonia spp. (p = 0.008), but provided no protection to non-users against Culex spp. No evidence of increased risk for non-users, caused by diversion of mosquitoes to unprotected individuals, was found at any distance within an 80m radius. A dose of only 1ml provided equivalent protection to the 10ml dose against An. arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes over 6 months (p < 0.001).
Transfluthrin-treated hessian emanators provide safe, affordable, long-term protection against several different pathogen-transmitting mosquito taxa that attack humans outdoors, where they are usually active and cannot be protected by bed nets or residual sprays with conventional, solid-phase insecticides.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1935-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1935-2735</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28388682</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anopheles ; Anopheles arabiensis ; Aquatic insects ; Arbovirus diseases ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biting ; Chemical pest control ; Control ; Culex ; Cyclopropanes ; Dependence ; Elephantiasis, Filarial - prevention & control ; Emission ; Engineering and Technology ; Evaporation ; Evaporation rate ; Filariasis ; Fluorobenzenes ; Health aspects ; Housing ; Humans ; Insect bites ; Insect Bites and Stings - prevention & control ; Insecticides ; Landing statistics ; Malaria ; Malaria - prevention & control ; Mansonia ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mosquito Control - methods ; Mosquitoes ; Outdoors ; Pathogens ; Physical Sciences ; Public health ; Pyrethrins ; Pyrethroids ; Solid phases ; Sprays ; Tanzania ; Tropical diseases ; Vapor phases ; Vector-borne diseases ; Viruses ; Zika virus</subject><ispartof>PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017-04, Vol.11 (4), p.e0005455-e0005455</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Ogoma SB, Mmando AS, Swai JK, Horstmann S, Malone D, Killeen GF (2017) A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(4): e0005455. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455</rights><rights>2017 Ogoma et al 2017 Ogoma et al</rights><rights>2017 Public Library of Science. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited: Ogoma SB, Mmando AS, Swai JK, Horstmann S, Malone D, Killeen GF (2017) A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(4): e0005455. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-1418f26f09aca83512df70c00f2375f1bc4b2b0f67f92ca4f5cbfa10bf16ed6b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-1418f26f09aca83512df70c00f2375f1bc4b2b0f67f92ca4f5cbfa10bf16ed6b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4063-6762</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384659/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384659/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28388682$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ogoma, Sheila B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mmando, Arnold S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swai, Johnson K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Horstmann, Sebastian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malone, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Killeen, Gerry F</creatorcontrib><title>A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria</title><title>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</title><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><description>The vapor phase of the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin incapacitates mosquitoes and prevents them from feeding. Although existing emanator products for delivering volatile pyrethroids protect against outdoor mosquito bites, they are too short-lived to be practical or affordable for routine use in low-income settings. New transfluthrin emanators, comprised simply of treated hessian fabric strips, have recently proven highly protective against outdoor-biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria, but their full protective lifespan, minimum dose requirements, and range of protection have not previously been assessed.
The effects of transfluthrin-treated hessian strips upon mosquito biting exposure of users and nearby non-users, as well as dependence of protection upon treatment dose, were measured outdoors in rural Tanzania using human landing catches (HLC).
Strips treated with 10ml of transfluthrin prevented at least three quarters (p < 0.001) of outdoor bites by Anopheles arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes, and >90% protection against bites on warmer nights with higher evaporation rates, for at least one year. Strips treated with this high dose also reduced biting exposure of non-users at a distance of up to 5m from the strips for An. arabiensis (p < 0.001) and up to 2m for Mansonia spp. (p = 0.008), but provided no protection to non-users against Culex spp. No evidence of increased risk for non-users, caused by diversion of mosquitoes to unprotected individuals, was found at any distance within an 80m radius. A dose of only 1ml provided equivalent protection to the 10ml dose against An. arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes over 6 months (p < 0.001).
Transfluthrin-treated hessian emanators provide safe, affordable, long-term protection against several different pathogen-transmitting mosquito taxa that attack humans outdoors, where they are usually active and cannot be protected by bed nets or residual sprays with conventional, solid-phase insecticides.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles</subject><subject>Anopheles arabiensis</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Arbovirus diseases</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biting</subject><subject>Chemical pest control</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Culex</subject><subject>Cyclopropanes</subject><subject>Dependence</subject><subject>Elephantiasis, Filarial - prevention & control</subject><subject>Emission</subject><subject>Engineering and Technology</subject><subject>Evaporation</subject><subject>Evaporation rate</subject><subject>Filariasis</subject><subject>Fluorobenzenes</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insect bites</subject><subject>Insect Bites and Stings - prevention & control</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Landing statistics</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - prevention & control</subject><subject>Mansonia</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Mosquito Control - methods</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Outdoors</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Pyrethrins</subject><subject>Pyrethroids</subject><subject>Solid phases</subject><subject>Sprays</subject><subject>Tanzania</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><subject>Vapor phases</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Zika virus</subject><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><issn>1935-2735</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptk9tu1DAQhiMEoqXwBggsISEu2MV24hxuKq0qDpUqcQPXlo8bV4692M5W-2i8HbPttuqiKhc5zD_feP7MVNVbgpek7siX6zinIPxyE4peYoxZw9iz6pQMNVvQrmbPHz2fVK9yvgbNwHrysjqhfd33bU9Pq78r5OMNKkaNIfq43iEziSBKTKgkI4rR6MaVEZXRoG30ojhv0GaXTBlTdBpEImTrZ3h1AakYrEkZkGENzDShTYrALi4GJNbChVxQnIuOwJeuOJBtIRwhJ1rkd9NmhBIKWedFciK7_BmJJOPWpTmbjETQaBK3sdfVCyt8Nm8O97Pq97evvy5-LK5-fr-8WF0tVEubsiAN6S1tLR6EEn3NCNW2wwpjS-uOWSJVI6nEtu3sQJVoLFPSCoKlJa3RrazPqvd33I2PmR9cz5z0w1DXPfgJiss7hY7imm-Sm0Ta8Sgcv_0Q05qLBF15wyU21JCmtVIODZVkIF3DdKNVr1rbagas80O1WU5GKxPAYX8EPY4EN_J13HJW903LBgB8OgBS_DObXPjksjLei2DivD93z4Zm6CgG6Yf_pE93d1CtBTTggo1QV-2hfNUMNUwXxXvW8gkVXNpMDsbCwB81xwkfHyWMRvgy5giDBKOSj4XNnVClmHMy9sEMgvl-E-5PzfebwA-bAGnvHhv5kHQ_-vU_SooL-A</recordid><startdate>20170407</startdate><enddate>20170407</enddate><creator>Ogoma, Sheila B</creator><creator>Mmando, Arnold S</creator><creator>Swai, Johnson K</creator><creator>Horstmann, Sebastian</creator><creator>Malone, David</creator><creator>Killeen, Gerry F</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4063-6762</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170407</creationdate><title>A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria</title><author>Ogoma, Sheila B ; Mmando, Arnold S ; Swai, Johnson K ; Horstmann, Sebastian ; Malone, David ; Killeen, Gerry F</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c624t-1418f26f09aca83512df70c00f2375f1bc4b2b0f67f92ca4f5cbfa10bf16ed6b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anopheles</topic><topic>Anopheles arabiensis</topic><topic>Aquatic insects</topic><topic>Arbovirus diseases</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biting</topic><topic>Chemical pest control</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Culex</topic><topic>Cyclopropanes</topic><topic>Dependence</topic><topic>Elephantiasis, Filarial - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ogoma, Sheila B</au><au>Mmando, Arnold S</au><au>Swai, Johnson K</au><au>Horstmann, Sebastian</au><au>Malone, David</au><au>Killeen, Gerry F</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria</atitle><jtitle>PLoS neglected tropical diseases</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS Negl Trop Dis</addtitle><date>2017-04-07</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>e0005455</spage><epage>e0005455</epage><pages>e0005455-e0005455</pages><issn>1935-2735</issn><issn>1935-2727</issn><eissn>1935-2735</eissn><abstract>The vapor phase of the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin incapacitates mosquitoes and prevents them from feeding. Although existing emanator products for delivering volatile pyrethroids protect against outdoor mosquito bites, they are too short-lived to be practical or affordable for routine use in low-income settings. New transfluthrin emanators, comprised simply of treated hessian fabric strips, have recently proven highly protective against outdoor-biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria, but their full protective lifespan, minimum dose requirements, and range of protection have not previously been assessed.
The effects of transfluthrin-treated hessian strips upon mosquito biting exposure of users and nearby non-users, as well as dependence of protection upon treatment dose, were measured outdoors in rural Tanzania using human landing catches (HLC).
Strips treated with 10ml of transfluthrin prevented at least three quarters (p < 0.001) of outdoor bites by Anopheles arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes, and >90% protection against bites on warmer nights with higher evaporation rates, for at least one year. Strips treated with this high dose also reduced biting exposure of non-users at a distance of up to 5m from the strips for An. arabiensis (p < 0.001) and up to 2m for Mansonia spp. (p = 0.008), but provided no protection to non-users against Culex spp. No evidence of increased risk for non-users, caused by diversion of mosquitoes to unprotected individuals, was found at any distance within an 80m radius. A dose of only 1ml provided equivalent protection to the 10ml dose against An. arabiensis, Culex spp. and Mansonia spp. mosquitoes over 6 months (p < 0.001).
Transfluthrin-treated hessian emanators provide safe, affordable, long-term protection against several different pathogen-transmitting mosquito taxa that attack humans outdoors, where they are usually active and cannot be protected by bed nets or residual sprays with conventional, solid-phase insecticides.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28388682</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4063-6762</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1935-2735 |
| ispartof | PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017-04, Vol.11 (4), p.e0005455-e0005455 |
| issn | 1935-2735 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1899338581 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Animals Anopheles Anopheles arabiensis Aquatic insects Arbovirus diseases Biology and Life Sciences Biting Chemical pest control Control Culex Cyclopropanes Dependence Elephantiasis, Filarial - prevention & control Emission Engineering and Technology Evaporation Evaporation rate Filariasis Fluorobenzenes Health aspects Housing Humans Insect bites Insect Bites and Stings - prevention & control Insecticides Landing statistics Malaria Malaria - prevention & control Mansonia Medicine and Health Sciences Mosquito Control - methods Mosquitoes Outdoors Pathogens Physical Sciences Public health Pyrethrins Pyrethroids Solid phases Sprays Tanzania Tropical diseases Vapor phases Vector-borne diseases Viruses Zika virus |
| title | A low technology emanator treated with the volatile pyrethroid transfluthrin confers long term protection against outdoor biting vectors of lymphatic filariasis, arboviruses and malaria |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-03T16%3A20%3A30IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20low%20technology%20emanator%20treated%20with%20the%20volatile%20pyrethroid%20transfluthrin%20confers%20long%20term%20protection%20against%20outdoor%20biting%20vectors%20of%20lymphatic%20filariasis,%20arboviruses%20and%20malaria&rft.jtitle=PLoS%20neglected%20tropical%20diseases&rft.au=Ogoma,%20Sheila%20B&rft.date=2017-04-07&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=e0005455&rft.epage=e0005455&rft.pages=e0005455-e0005455&rft.issn=1935-2735&rft.eissn=1935-2735&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005455&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA493735200%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1899338581&rft_id=info:pmid/28388682&rft_galeid=A493735200&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_b0e2e146fbb942b191745d4dc8c6f6d5&rfr_iscdi=true |