Properties of biochar derived from wood and high-nutrient biomasses with the aim of agronomic and environmental benefits
Biochar production and use are part of the modern agenda to recycle wastes, and to retain nutrients, pollutants, and heavy metals in the soil and to offset some greenhouse gas emissions. Biochars from wood (eucalyptus sawdust, pine bark), sugarcane bagasse, and substances rich in nutrients (coffee h...
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| creator | Domingues, Rimena R Trugilho, Paulo F Silva, Carlos A Melo, Isabel Cristina N A de Melo, Leônidas C A Magriotis, Zuy M Sánchez-Monedero, Miguel A |
| description | Biochar production and use are part of the modern agenda to recycle wastes, and to retain nutrients, pollutants, and heavy metals in the soil and to offset some greenhouse gas emissions. Biochars from wood (eucalyptus sawdust, pine bark), sugarcane bagasse, and substances rich in nutrients (coffee husk, chicken manure) produced at 350, 450 and 750°C were characterized to identify agronomic and environmental benefits, which may enhance soil quality. Biochars derived from wood and sugarcane have greater potential for improving C storage in tropical soils due to a higher aromatic character, high C concentration, low H/C ratio, and FTIR spectra features as compared to nutrient-rich biochars. The high ash content associated with alkaline chemical species such as KHCO3 and CaCO3, verified by XRD analysis, made chicken manure and coffee husk biochars potential liming agents for remediating acidic soils. High Ca and K contents in chicken manure and coffee husk biomass can significantly replace conventional sources of K (mostly imported in Brazil) and Ca, suggesting a high agronomic value for these biochars. High-ash biochars, such as chicken manure and coffee husk, produced at low-temperatures (350 and 450°C) exhibited high CEC values, which can be considered as a potential applicable material to increase nutrient retention in soil. Therefore, the agronomic value of the biochars in this study is predominantly regulated by the nutrient richness of the biomass, but an increase in pyrolysis temperature to 750°C can strongly decrease the adsorptive capacities of chicken manure and coffee husk biochars. A diagram of the agronomic potential and environmental benefits is presented, along with some guidelines to relate biochar properties with potential agronomic and environmental uses. Based on biochar properties, research needs are identified and directions for future trials are delineated. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0176884 |
| format | Article |
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Biochars from wood (eucalyptus sawdust, pine bark), sugarcane bagasse, and substances rich in nutrients (coffee husk, chicken manure) produced at 350, 450 and 750°C were characterized to identify agronomic and environmental benefits, which may enhance soil quality. Biochars derived from wood and sugarcane have greater potential for improving C storage in tropical soils due to a higher aromatic character, high C concentration, low H/C ratio, and FTIR spectra features as compared to nutrient-rich biochars. The high ash content associated with alkaline chemical species such as KHCO3 and CaCO3, verified by XRD analysis, made chicken manure and coffee husk biochars potential liming agents for remediating acidic soils. High Ca and K contents in chicken manure and coffee husk biomass can significantly replace conventional sources of K (mostly imported in Brazil) and Ca, suggesting a high agronomic value for these biochars. High-ash biochars, such as chicken manure and coffee husk, produced at low-temperatures (350 and 450°C) exhibited high CEC values, which can be considered as a potential applicable material to increase nutrient retention in soil. Therefore, the agronomic value of the biochars in this study is predominantly regulated by the nutrient richness of the biomass, but an increase in pyrolysis temperature to 750°C can strongly decrease the adsorptive capacities of chicken manure and coffee husk biochars. A diagram of the agronomic potential and environmental benefits is presented, along with some guidelines to relate biochar properties with potential agronomic and environmental uses. Based on biochar properties, research needs are identified and directions for future trials are delineated.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176884</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28493951</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Acidic soils ; Adsorptivity ; Agriculture ; Agronomy ; Analysis ; Animals ; Ashes ; Bagasse ; Bark ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomass ; By-products ; Calcium carbonate ; Carbon ; Carbon - analysis ; Cellulose ; Charcoal ; Charcoal - chemistry ; Chemical speciation ; Chickens ; Coffee ; Coffee - chemistry ; Decomposition ; Ecology and Environmental Sciences ; Electric Conductivity ; Emissions ; Environment ; Eucalyptus ; Greenhouse gases ; Heavy metals ; High temperature ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lignin ; Liming ; Low temperature ; Manure ; Manure - analysis ; Manures ; Nutrient content ; Nutrient retention ; Nutrients ; Nutrients in soil ; Phosphorus ; Physical Sciences ; Pollutants ; Poultry ; Poultry manure ; Properties ; Pyrolysis ; Raw materials ; Saccharum - chemistry ; Sawdust ; Science ; Soil analysis ; Soil chemistry ; Soil improvement ; Soil nutrients ; Soil pollution ; Soil properties ; Soil quality ; Soil remediation ; Soil sciences ; Solubility ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Sugarcane ; Temperature ; Temperature effects ; Tropical environments ; Tropical soils ; Volatilization ; Water - chemistry ; Wood - chemistry ; X-Ray Diffraction</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2017-05, Vol.12 (5), p.e0176884-e0176884</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Domingues et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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Biochars from wood (eucalyptus sawdust, pine bark), sugarcane bagasse, and substances rich in nutrients (coffee husk, chicken manure) produced at 350, 450 and 750°C were characterized to identify agronomic and environmental benefits, which may enhance soil quality. Biochars derived from wood and sugarcane have greater potential for improving C storage in tropical soils due to a higher aromatic character, high C concentration, low H/C ratio, and FTIR spectra features as compared to nutrient-rich biochars. The high ash content associated with alkaline chemical species such as KHCO3 and CaCO3, verified by XRD analysis, made chicken manure and coffee husk biochars potential liming agents for remediating acidic soils. High Ca and K contents in chicken manure and coffee husk biomass can significantly replace conventional sources of K (mostly imported in Brazil) and Ca, suggesting a high agronomic value for these biochars. 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Based on biochar properties, research needs are identified and directions for future trials are delineated.</description><subject>Acidic soils</subject><subject>Adsorptivity</subject><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Ashes</subject><subject>Bagasse</subject><subject>Bark</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>By-products</subject><subject>Calcium carbonate</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon - analysis</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>Charcoal</subject><subject>Charcoal - chemistry</subject><subject>Chemical speciation</subject><subject>Chickens</subject><subject>Coffee</subject><subject>Coffee - chemistry</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Ecology and Environmental Sciences</subject><subject>Electric Conductivity</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Eucalyptus</subject><subject>Greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>High temperature</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Lignin</subject><subject>Liming</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Manure</subject><subject>Manure - analysis</subject><subject>Manures</subject><subject>Nutrient content</subject><subject>Nutrient retention</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Nutrients in soil</subject><subject>Phosphorus</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Poultry</subject><subject>Poultry manure</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Pyrolysis</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Saccharum - chemistry</subject><subject>Sawdust</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Soil analysis</subject><subject>Soil chemistry</subject><subject>Soil improvement</subject><subject>Soil nutrients</subject><subject>Soil pollution</subject><subject>Soil properties</subject><subject>Soil quality</subject><subject>Soil remediation</subject><subject>Soil sciences</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared</subject><subject>Sugarcane</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Tropical environments</subject><subject>Tropical soils</subject><subject>Volatilization</subject><subject>Water - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Domingues, Rimena R</au><au>Trugilho, Paulo F</au><au>Silva, Carlos A</au><au>Melo, Isabel Cristina N A de</au><au>Melo, Leônidas C A</au><au>Magriotis, Zuy M</au><au>Sánchez-Monedero, Miguel A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Properties of biochar derived from wood and high-nutrient biomasses with the aim of agronomic and environmental benefits</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2017-05-11</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>e0176884</spage><epage>e0176884</epage><pages>e0176884-e0176884</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Biochar production and use are part of the modern agenda to recycle wastes, and to retain nutrients, pollutants, and heavy metals in the soil and to offset some greenhouse gas emissions. Biochars from wood (eucalyptus sawdust, pine bark), sugarcane bagasse, and substances rich in nutrients (coffee husk, chicken manure) produced at 350, 450 and 750°C were characterized to identify agronomic and environmental benefits, which may enhance soil quality. Biochars derived from wood and sugarcane have greater potential for improving C storage in tropical soils due to a higher aromatic character, high C concentration, low H/C ratio, and FTIR spectra features as compared to nutrient-rich biochars. The high ash content associated with alkaline chemical species such as KHCO3 and CaCO3, verified by XRD analysis, made chicken manure and coffee husk biochars potential liming agents for remediating acidic soils. High Ca and K contents in chicken manure and coffee husk biomass can significantly replace conventional sources of K (mostly imported in Brazil) and Ca, suggesting a high agronomic value for these biochars. High-ash biochars, such as chicken manure and coffee husk, produced at low-temperatures (350 and 450°C) exhibited high CEC values, which can be considered as a potential applicable material to increase nutrient retention in soil. Therefore, the agronomic value of the biochars in this study is predominantly regulated by the nutrient richness of the biomass, but an increase in pyrolysis temperature to 750°C can strongly decrease the adsorptive capacities of chicken manure and coffee husk biochars. A diagram of the agronomic potential and environmental benefits is presented, along with some guidelines to relate biochar properties with potential agronomic and environmental uses. Based on biochar properties, research needs are identified and directions for future trials are delineated.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28493951</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0176884</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-8017</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2017-05, Vol.12 (5), p.e0176884-e0176884 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1897800152 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Acidic soils Adsorptivity Agriculture Agronomy Analysis Animals Ashes Bagasse Bark Biology and Life Sciences Biomass By-products Calcium carbonate Carbon Carbon - analysis Cellulose Charcoal Charcoal - chemistry Chemical speciation Chickens Coffee Coffee - chemistry Decomposition Ecology and Environmental Sciences Electric Conductivity Emissions Environment Eucalyptus Greenhouse gases Heavy metals High temperature Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Lignin Liming Low temperature Manure Manure - analysis Manures Nutrient content Nutrient retention Nutrients Nutrients in soil Phosphorus Physical Sciences Pollutants Poultry Poultry manure Properties Pyrolysis Raw materials Saccharum - chemistry Sawdust Science Soil analysis Soil chemistry Soil improvement Soil nutrients Soil pollution Soil properties Soil quality Soil remediation Soil sciences Solubility Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Sugarcane Temperature Temperature effects Tropical environments Tropical soils Volatilization Water - chemistry Wood - chemistry X-Ray Diffraction |
| title | Properties of biochar derived from wood and high-nutrient biomasses with the aim of agronomic and environmental benefits |
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