To evaluate efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses in the treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL)
Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin disorder that usually occurs among patients with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Cases are also reported without a history of VL. There is no satisfactory treatment regimen available at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and...
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| creator | Rabi Das, Vidya Nand Siddiqui, Niyamat Ali Pal, Biplab Lal, Chandra Shekhar Verma, Neena Kumar, Ashish Verma, Rakesh Bihari Kumar, Dhirendra Das, Pradeep Pandey, Krishna |
| description | Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin disorder that usually occurs among patients with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Cases are also reported without a history of VL. There is no satisfactory treatment regimen available at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses (0.5mg/kg vs 1mg/kg) in a prospective randomized trial in 50 PKDL patients.
In this open label study 50 patients with PKDL, aged between 5-60 years were randomized in two groups. Group A received amphotericin B in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in 5% dextrose, daily for 20 infusions for 3 courses at an interval of 15 days between each course and Group B received amphotericin B in the dose of 1mg/kg in 5% dextrose on alternate days, 20 infusions for 3 courses an interval of 15 days between each course and followed up for one year.
A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 25 in each of group A and group B. Two patients lost to follow up and three patients withdrew consent due to adverse events. The initial cure rate was 92% in group A and 88% in group B by intention to treat analysis and final cure rate by per protocol analysis was 95.65% and 95.45% in group A and group B respectively. Two patients each from either group relapsed. Nephrotoxicity was the most common adverse event occurring in both the groups.
The lower dose appears to have fewer adverse events however, nephrotoxicity remains a problem in both regimens. The 0.5mg/kg regimen may be considered instead of the higher dosage however safer treatments remain critical for PKDL treatment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0174497 |
| format | Article |
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In this open label study 50 patients with PKDL, aged between 5-60 years were randomized in two groups. Group A received amphotericin B in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in 5% dextrose, daily for 20 infusions for 3 courses at an interval of 15 days between each course and Group B received amphotericin B in the dose of 1mg/kg in 5% dextrose on alternate days, 20 infusions for 3 courses an interval of 15 days between each course and followed up for one year.
A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 25 in each of group A and group B. Two patients lost to follow up and three patients withdrew consent due to adverse events. The initial cure rate was 92% in group A and 88% in group B by intention to treat analysis and final cure rate by per protocol analysis was 95.65% and 95.45% in group A and group B respectively. Two patients each from either group relapsed. Nephrotoxicity was the most common adverse event occurring in both the groups.
The lower dose appears to have fewer adverse events however, nephrotoxicity remains a problem in both regimens. The 0.5mg/kg regimen may be considered instead of the higher dosage however safer treatments remain critical for PKDL treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174497</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28355259</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Amphotericin B - administration & dosage ; Amphotericin B - adverse effects ; Analysis ; Antifungal agents ; Antiprotozoal Agents - administration & dosage ; Antiprotozoal Agents - adverse effects ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Care and treatment ; Child ; Clinical medicine ; Complications and side effects ; Councils ; Dextrose ; Disease transmission ; Dosage ; Dosage and administration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug dosages ; Drug therapy ; Female ; Health risk assessment ; Humans ; Leishmania - drug effects ; Leishmaniasis ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology ; Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Molecular biology ; Motivation ; Parasite Load ; Parasites ; Parasitic diseases ; Patient outcomes ; Patients ; Renal Insufficiency - chemically induced ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Safety ; Sample size ; Skin ; Treatment Outcome ; Tropical diseases ; Vector-borne diseases ; Visceral leishmaniasis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2017-03, Vol.12 (3), p.e0174497</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Rabi Das et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2017 Rabi Das et al 2017 Rabi Das et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-73f70b786d4961c6ae454cdca9628cb8f8348b945fdf7bebaec7f40f514541e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-73f70b786d4961c6ae454cdca9628cb8f8348b945fdf7bebaec7f40f514541e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5371363/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5371363/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,724,777,781,861,882,2096,2915,23847,27905,27906,53772,53774,79349,79350</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28355259$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Diemert, David Joseph</contributor><creatorcontrib>Rabi Das, Vidya Nand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siddiqui, Niyamat Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal, Biplab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lal, Chandra Shekhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verma, Neena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verma, Rakesh Bihari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Dhirendra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Das, Pradeep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Krishna</creatorcontrib><title>To evaluate efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses in the treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL)</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a skin disorder that usually occurs among patients with a past history of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Cases are also reported without a history of VL. There is no satisfactory treatment regimen available at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses (0.5mg/kg vs 1mg/kg) in a prospective randomized trial in 50 PKDL patients.
In this open label study 50 patients with PKDL, aged between 5-60 years were randomized in two groups. Group A received amphotericin B in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in 5% dextrose, daily for 20 infusions for 3 courses at an interval of 15 days between each course and Group B received amphotericin B in the dose of 1mg/kg in 5% dextrose on alternate days, 20 infusions for 3 courses an interval of 15 days between each course and followed up for one year.
A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 25 in each of group A and group B. Two patients lost to follow up and three patients withdrew consent due to adverse events. The initial cure rate was 92% in group A and 88% in group B by intention to treat analysis and final cure rate by per protocol analysis was 95.65% and 95.45% in group A and group B respectively. Two patients each from either group relapsed. Nephrotoxicity was the most common adverse event occurring in both the groups.
The lower dose appears to have fewer adverse events however, nephrotoxicity remains a problem in both regimens. The 0.5mg/kg regimen may be considered instead of the higher dosage however safer treatments remain critical for PKDL treatment.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Amphotericin B</subject><subject>Amphotericin B - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Amphotericin B - adverse effects</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antifungal agents</subject><subject>Antiprotozoal Agents - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antiprotozoal Agents - adverse effects</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Councils</subject><subject>Dextrose</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Dosage</subject><subject>Dosage and administration</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Leishmania - drug effects</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology</subject><subject>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Molecular biology</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Parasite Load</subject><subject>Parasites</subject><subject>Parasitic diseases</subject><subject>Patient outcomes</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Renal Insufficiency - chemically induced</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Safety</subject><subject>Sample size</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Tropical diseases</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Visceral leishmaniasis</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk9-K1DAUxoso7rr6BqIBQdyLGdsmbdMbYV3_DQ6s6OBtOE1PplnbZkzS1fEFfG0zO91lCgoSaMLp7_t6-JoTRY-TeJ7QInl5aQbbQzvfmB7ncVIwVhZ3ouOkpOksT2N69-B8FD1w7jKOM8rz_H50lHKaZWlWHke_V4bgFbQDeCSolJYgtwT6mjhQ6LfEKALdpjEerZa6J69JePgfhtRaKbTYe1Ibh-663CDxFsF3u3JQbozz5Bu0MINfYEmNtoOWtKhd00GvwWlHXnz6-GZ5-jC6p6B1-GjcT6LVu7er8w-z5cX7xfnZcibzMvWzgqoirgqe16zME5kDsozJWkKZp1xWXHHKeFWyTNWqqLAClIViscqSwCVIT6Kne9tNa5wYI3Qi4TxN8zLPikAs9kRt4FJsrO7AboUBLa4Lxq4FWK9liyLkmfCcxUzVGQNGecpjJlXMM6BVWbHg9Wr82lB1WMuQioV2Yjp90-tGrM2VyMIPpjkNBs9GA2u-D-j8P1oeqTWErnSvTDCTnXZSnDFeFGmaFDuv-V-osGrstAyXSOlQnwhOJ4LAePzp1zA4JxZfPv8_e_F1yj4_YBuE1jfOtIPXpndTkO1BaY1zFtVtckksdjNwk4bYzYAYZyDInhymfiu6ufT0D6iiAjg</recordid><startdate>20170329</startdate><enddate>20170329</enddate><creator>Rabi Das, Vidya Nand</creator><creator>Siddiqui, Niyamat Ali</creator><creator>Pal, Biplab</creator><creator>Lal, Chandra Shekhar</creator><creator>Verma, Neena</creator><creator>Kumar, Ashish</creator><creator>Verma, Rakesh Bihari</creator><creator>Kumar, Dhirendra</creator><creator>Das, Pradeep</creator><creator>Pandey, Krishna</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170329</creationdate><title>To evaluate efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses in the treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL)</title><author>Rabi Das, Vidya Nand ; Siddiqui, Niyamat Ali ; Pal, Biplab ; Lal, Chandra Shekhar ; Verma, Neena ; Kumar, Ashish ; Verma, Rakesh Bihari ; Kumar, Dhirendra ; Das, Pradeep ; Pandey, Krishna</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-73f70b786d4961c6ae454cdca9628cb8f8348b945fdf7bebaec7f40f514541e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Amphotericin B</topic><topic>Amphotericin B - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Amphotericin B - adverse effects</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antifungal agents</topic><topic>Antiprotozoal Agents - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antiprotozoal Agents - adverse effects</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Clinical medicine</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Councils</topic><topic>Dextrose</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Dosage</topic><topic>Dosage and administration</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Leishmania - drug effects</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology</topic><topic>Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Molecular biology</topic><topic>Motivation</topic><topic>Parasite Load</topic><topic>Parasites</topic><topic>Parasitic diseases</topic><topic>Patient outcomes</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Renal Insufficiency - chemically induced</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Safety</topic><topic>Sample size</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Tropical diseases</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Visceral leishmaniasis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rabi Das, Vidya Nand</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Siddiqui, Niyamat Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pal, Biplab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lal, Chandra Shekhar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verma, Neena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Ashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Verma, Rakesh Bihari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Dhirendra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Das, Pradeep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Krishna</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Cases are also reported without a history of VL. There is no satisfactory treatment regimen available at present. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses (0.5mg/kg vs 1mg/kg) in a prospective randomized trial in 50 PKDL patients.
In this open label study 50 patients with PKDL, aged between 5-60 years were randomized in two groups. Group A received amphotericin B in the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in 5% dextrose, daily for 20 infusions for 3 courses at an interval of 15 days between each course and Group B received amphotericin B in the dose of 1mg/kg in 5% dextrose on alternate days, 20 infusions for 3 courses an interval of 15 days between each course and followed up for one year.
A total of 50 patients were enrolled, 25 in each of group A and group B. Two patients lost to follow up and three patients withdrew consent due to adverse events. The initial cure rate was 92% in group A and 88% in group B by intention to treat analysis and final cure rate by per protocol analysis was 95.65% and 95.45% in group A and group B respectively. Two patients each from either group relapsed. Nephrotoxicity was the most common adverse event occurring in both the groups.
The lower dose appears to have fewer adverse events however, nephrotoxicity remains a problem in both regimens. The 0.5mg/kg regimen may be considered instead of the higher dosage however safer treatments remain critical for PKDL treatment.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28355259</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0174497</doi><tpages>e0174497</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2017-03, Vol.12 (3), p.e0174497 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1882269657 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS); PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Amphotericin B Amphotericin B - administration & dosage Amphotericin B - adverse effects Analysis Antifungal agents Antiprotozoal Agents - administration & dosage Antiprotozoal Agents - adverse effects Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Child Clinical medicine Complications and side effects Councils Dextrose Disease transmission Dosage Dosage and administration Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug dosages Drug therapy Female Health risk assessment Humans Leishmania - drug effects Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - drug therapy Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology Leishmaniasis, Visceral - pathology Male Medical research Medicine Medicine and Health Sciences Molecular biology Motivation Parasite Load Parasites Parasitic diseases Patient outcomes Patients Renal Insufficiency - chemically induced Research and Analysis Methods Safety Sample size Skin Treatment Outcome Tropical diseases Vector-borne diseases Visceral leishmaniasis Young Adult |
| title | To evaluate efficacy and safety of amphotericin B in two different doses in the treatment of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-20T16%3A37%3A45IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=To%20evaluate%20efficacy%20and%20safety%20of%20amphotericin%20B%20in%20two%20different%20doses%20in%20the%20treatment%20of%20post%20kala-azar%20dermal%20leishmaniasis%20(PKDL)&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Rabi%20Das,%20Vidya%20Nand&rft.date=2017-03-29&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e0174497&rft.pages=e0174497-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0174497&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA487722173%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1882269657&rft_id=info:pmid/28355259&rft_galeid=A487722173&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_005186404fd54a4382804cf085a3b9b4&rfr_iscdi=true |