Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon
Although of several studies that associate chronic hyperglycemia with tendinopathy, the connection between morphometric changes as witnessed by magnetic resonance (MR) images, nanostructural changes, and inflammatory markers have not yet been fully established. Therefore, the present study has as a...
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| creator | Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Medina de Mattos, Rômulo Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Fernanda Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne |
| description | Although of several studies that associate chronic hyperglycemia with tendinopathy, the connection between morphometric changes as witnessed by magnetic resonance (MR) images, nanostructural changes, and inflammatory markers have not yet been fully established. Therefore, the present study has as a hypothesis that the Achilles tendons of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibit structural changes. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Control Group (n = 06) injected with a vehicle (sodium citrate buffer solution) and Diabetic Group (n = 06) consisting of rats submitted to intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. MR was performed 24 days after the induction of diabetes and images were used for morphometry using ImageJ software. Morphology of the collagen fibers within tendons was examined using Atomic Force microscopy (AFM). An increase in the dimension of the coronal plane area was observed in the diabetic group (8.583 ± 0.646 mm2/100g) when compared to the control group (4.823 ± 0.267 mm2/100g) resulting in a significant difference (p = 0.003) upon evaluating the Achilles tendons. Similarly, our analysis found an increase in the size of the transverse section area in the diabetic group (1.328 ± 0.103 mm2/100g) in comparison to the control group (0.940 ± 0.01 mm2/100g) p = 0.021. The tendons of the diabetic group showed great irregularity in fiber bundles, including modified grain direction and jagged junctions and deformities in the form of collagen fibrils bulges. Despite the morphological changes observed in the Achilles tendon of diabetic animals, IL1 and TNF-α did not change. Our results suggest that DM promotes changes to the Achilles tendon with important structural modifications as seen by MR and AFM, excluding major inflammatory changes. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0169513 |
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Therefore, the present study has as a hypothesis that the Achilles tendons of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibit structural changes. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Control Group (n = 06) injected with a vehicle (sodium citrate buffer solution) and Diabetic Group (n = 06) consisting of rats submitted to intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. MR was performed 24 days after the induction of diabetes and images were used for morphometry using ImageJ software. Morphology of the collagen fibers within tendons was examined using Atomic Force microscopy (AFM). An increase in the dimension of the coronal plane area was observed in the diabetic group (8.583 ± 0.646 mm2/100g) when compared to the control group (4.823 ± 0.267 mm2/100g) resulting in a significant difference (p = 0.003) upon evaluating the Achilles tendons. Similarly, our analysis found an increase in the size of the transverse section area in the diabetic group (1.328 ± 0.103 mm2/100g) in comparison to the control group (0.940 ± 0.01 mm2/100g) p = 0.021. The tendons of the diabetic group showed great irregularity in fiber bundles, including modified grain direction and jagged junctions and deformities in the form of collagen fibrils bulges. Despite the morphological changes observed in the Achilles tendon of diabetic animals, IL1 and TNF-α did not change. Our results suggest that DM promotes changes to the Achilles tendon with important structural modifications as seen by MR and AFM, excluding major inflammatory changes.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169513</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28095484</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Achilles tendon ; Achilles Tendon - diagnostic imaging ; Achilles Tendon - pathology ; Achilles Tendon - ultrastructure ; Animals ; Atomic force microscopy ; Atomic structure ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Biomechanics ; Buffer solutions ; Bulging ; Citric acid ; Collagen ; Complications and side effects ; Deformation ; Diabetes ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - diagnostic imaging ; Fibrils ; Foot diseases ; Grain ; Hyperglycemia ; Inflammation ; Injuries ; Interleukin 1 ; Laboratory animals ; Magnetic induction ; Magnetic resonance ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Morphology ; Morphology (Biology) ; Morphometry ; Nanostructures - chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Risk factors ; Rodents ; Science ; Sodium ; Sodium citrate ; Streptozocin ; Tendinopathy - diagnostic imaging ; Tendinopathy - etiology ; Tendinopathy - pathology ; Tendinosis ; Tendons ; Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2017-01, Vol.12 (1), p.e0169513-e0169513</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Oliveira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2017 Oliveira et al 2017 Oliveira et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-9c060a43bb04e1ece8751cace33d839c68b347e7f2c7ff818aeef342a0ff2db93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-9c060a43bb04e1ece8751cace33d839c68b347e7f2c7ff818aeef342a0ff2db93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5240962/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5240962/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28095484$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Medina de Mattos, Rômulo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tovar-Moll, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne</creatorcontrib><title>Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Although of several studies that associate chronic hyperglycemia with tendinopathy, the connection between morphometric changes as witnessed by magnetic resonance (MR) images, nanostructural changes, and inflammatory markers have not yet been fully established. Therefore, the present study has as a hypothesis that the Achilles tendons of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibit structural changes. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Control Group (n = 06) injected with a vehicle (sodium citrate buffer solution) and Diabetic Group (n = 06) consisting of rats submitted to intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. MR was performed 24 days after the induction of diabetes and images were used for morphometry using ImageJ software. Morphology of the collagen fibers within tendons was examined using Atomic Force microscopy (AFM). An increase in the dimension of the coronal plane area was observed in the diabetic group (8.583 ± 0.646 mm2/100g) when compared to the control group (4.823 ± 0.267 mm2/100g) resulting in a significant difference (p = 0.003) upon evaluating the Achilles tendons. Similarly, our analysis found an increase in the size of the transverse section area in the diabetic group (1.328 ± 0.103 mm2/100g) in comparison to the control group (0.940 ± 0.01 mm2/100g) p = 0.021. The tendons of the diabetic group showed great irregularity in fiber bundles, including modified grain direction and jagged junctions and deformities in the form of collagen fibrils bulges. Despite the morphological changes observed in the Achilles tendon of diabetic animals, IL1 and TNF-α did not change. Our results suggest that DM promotes changes to the Achilles tendon with important structural modifications as seen by MR and AFM, excluding major inflammatory changes.</description><subject>Achilles tendon</subject><subject>Achilles Tendon - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Achilles Tendon - pathology</subject><subject>Achilles Tendon - ultrastructure</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Atomic force microscopy</subject><subject>Atomic structure</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Buffer solutions</subject><subject>Bulging</subject><subject>Citric acid</subject><subject>Collagen</subject><subject>Complications and side effects</subject><subject>Deformation</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Fibrils</subject><subject>Foot diseases</subject><subject>Grain</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Injuries</subject><subject>Interleukin 1</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Magnetic induction</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Microscopy</subject><subject>Microscopy, Atomic Force</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Morphology (Biology)</subject><subject>Morphometry</subject><subject>Nanostructures - chemistry</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Research and Analysis Methods</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sodium citrate</subject><subject>Streptozocin</subject><subject>Tendinopathy - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Tendinopathy - etiology</subject><subject>Tendinopathy - pathology</subject><subject>Tendinosis</subject><subject>Tendons</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-α</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk01v1DAQhiMEoqXwDxBEQkJw2MVfSewL0qoUWKlQibZcLccZb1J548V2UPvv8XbTaoN6qHywZT_va8-MJ8teYzTHtMKfrtzge2XnG9fDHOFSFJg-yQ6xoGRWEkSf7q0PshchXCFUUF6Wz7MDwpEoGGeH2eXJ9QZ8t4Y-Kpt_6VQNEUK-sBF8yGML-Q_nN62zbnWTq77Jf6rezc6jH3QcPOTO3EIL3XbWJuEF9I3rX2bPjLIBXo3zUXb59eTi-Pvs9Ozb8nhxOtMVKeJMaFQixWhdIwYYNPCqwFppoLThVOiS15RVUBmiK2M45grAUEYUMoY0taBH2dud78a6IMeMBIl5IRgTtCgTsdwRjVNXcpMiVf5GOtXJ2w3nV1L52GkL0uhaVTUBXijNGDWCcmhQg2pegGq0Tl6fx9uGeg2NTjnzyk5Mpyd918qV-ysLwpAoSTL4MBp492eAEOW6CxqsVT24YfvuklNaCSoeg-KiQpzxhL77D304ESO1UinWrjcuPVFvTeWCVRUXhJMtNX-ASqOBdafTTzNd2p8IPk4EiYlwHVdqCEEuz389nj37PWXf77EtKBvb4OwQO9eHKch2oPYuBA_mvh4YyW2j3GVDbhtFjo2SZG_2a3kvuusM-g_E6w7U</recordid><startdate>20170117</startdate><enddate>20170117</enddate><creator>Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de</creator><creator>Medina de Mattos, Rômulo</creator><creator>Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana</creator><creator>Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda</creator><creator>Tovar-Moll, Fernanda</creator><creator>Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz</creator><creator>de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170117</creationdate><title>Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon</title><author>Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de ; Medina de Mattos, Rômulo ; Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana ; Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda ; Tovar-Moll, Fernanda ; Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz ; de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-9c060a43bb04e1ece8751cace33d839c68b347e7f2c7ff818aeef342a0ff2db93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Achilles tendon</topic><topic>Achilles Tendon - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Achilles Tendon - pathology</topic><topic>Achilles Tendon - ultrastructure</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Atomic force microscopy</topic><topic>Atomic structure</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Buffer solutions</topic><topic>Bulging</topic><topic>Citric acid</topic><topic>Collagen</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Deformation</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Fibrils</topic><topic>Foot diseases</topic><topic>Grain</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Injuries</topic><topic>Interleukin 1</topic><topic>Laboratory animals</topic><topic>Magnetic induction</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Microscopy</topic><topic>Microscopy, Atomic Force</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Morphology (Biology)</topic><topic>Morphometry</topic><topic>Nanostructures - chemistry</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Research and Analysis Methods</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Sodium citrate</topic><topic>Streptozocin</topic><topic>Tendinopathy - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Tendinopathy - etiology</topic><topic>Tendinopathy - pathology</topic><topic>Tendinosis</topic><topic>Tendons</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-α</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Medina de Mattos, Rômulo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tovar-Moll, Fernanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Oliveira, Rodrigo Ribeiro de</au><au>Medina de Mattos, Rômulo</au><au>Magalhães Rebelo, Luciana</au><au>Guimarães Meireles Ferreira, Fernanda</au><au>Tovar-Moll, Fernanda</au><au>Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz</au><au>de Castro Brito, Gerly Anne</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2017-01-17</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>e0169513</spage><epage>e0169513</epage><pages>e0169513-e0169513</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Although of several studies that associate chronic hyperglycemia with tendinopathy, the connection between morphometric changes as witnessed by magnetic resonance (MR) images, nanostructural changes, and inflammatory markers have not yet been fully established. Therefore, the present study has as a hypothesis that the Achilles tendons of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibit structural changes. The animals were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Control Group (n = 06) injected with a vehicle (sodium citrate buffer solution) and Diabetic Group (n = 06) consisting of rats submitted to intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. MR was performed 24 days after the induction of diabetes and images were used for morphometry using ImageJ software. Morphology of the collagen fibers within tendons was examined using Atomic Force microscopy (AFM). An increase in the dimension of the coronal plane area was observed in the diabetic group (8.583 ± 0.646 mm2/100g) when compared to the control group (4.823 ± 0.267 mm2/100g) resulting in a significant difference (p = 0.003) upon evaluating the Achilles tendons. Similarly, our analysis found an increase in the size of the transverse section area in the diabetic group (1.328 ± 0.103 mm2/100g) in comparison to the control group (0.940 ± 0.01 mm2/100g) p = 0.021. The tendons of the diabetic group showed great irregularity in fiber bundles, including modified grain direction and jagged junctions and deformities in the form of collagen fibrils bulges. Despite the morphological changes observed in the Achilles tendon of diabetic animals, IL1 and TNF-α did not change. Our results suggest that DM promotes changes to the Achilles tendon with important structural modifications as seen by MR and AFM, excluding major inflammatory changes.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28095484</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0169513</doi><tpages>e0169513</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1859449356 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| subjects | Achilles tendon Achilles Tendon - diagnostic imaging Achilles Tendon - pathology Achilles Tendon - ultrastructure Animals Atomic force microscopy Atomic structure Biology and Life Sciences Biomechanics Buffer solutions Bulging Citric acid Collagen Complications and side effects Deformation Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - diagnostic imaging Fibrils Foot diseases Grain Hyperglycemia Inflammation Injuries Interleukin 1 Laboratory animals Magnetic induction Magnetic resonance Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Male Medicine and Health Sciences Microscopy Microscopy, Atomic Force Morphology Morphology (Biology) Morphometry Nanostructures - chemistry Rats Rats, Wistar Research and Analysis Methods Risk factors Rodents Science Sodium Sodium citrate Streptozocin Tendinopathy - diagnostic imaging Tendinopathy - etiology Tendinopathy - pathology Tendinosis Tendons Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| title | Experimental Diabetes Alters the Morphology and Nano-Structure of the Achilles Tendon |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-09T10%3A14%3A07IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Experimental%20Diabetes%20Alters%20the%20Morphology%20and%20Nano-Structure%20of%20the%20Achilles%20Tendon&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Oliveira,%20Rodrigo%20Ribeiro%20de&rft.date=2017-01-17&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=e0169513&rft.epage=e0169513&rft.pages=e0169513-e0169513&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0169513&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA477892826%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1859449356&rft_id=info:pmid/28095484&rft_galeid=A477892826&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_fcba7b2e85ac443f938ed0d0b85eadcc&rfr_iscdi=true |